Science Discoveries and DOST (Philippines) PDF

UNIVERSITY OF THE CORDILLERAS GOV. PACK ROAD, BAGUIO CITY SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY **3 DISCOVERIES IN SCIENCE** 1\. Discovery by serendipity \-\-\-- Serindip was the accident name of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). \-\-- the occurrence of an unplanned fortunate discovery a\. Dr. Alexander Flem...

UNIVERSITY OF THE CORDILLERAS GOV. PACK ROAD, BAGUIO CITY SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY **3 DISCOVERIES IN SCIENCE** 1\. Discovery by serendipity \-\-\-- Serindip was the accident name of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). \-\-- the occurrence of an unplanned fortunate discovery a\. Dr. Alexander Fleming \-\-- discovered penicillin \*\* Fungi \-\-- Penicillium chrysogenum b\. Charles Goodyear\-\-- discovered the process of the vulcanization of rubber. c\. William Perkins\-\-- a laboratory assistant discovered aniline dye (synthetic dye). d\. Coca cola phrases The origin of the most famous drink in history was not to refresh our throats and make us feel the spark of life. In 1886, John S. Pemberton , A pharmacist who worked in Atlanta (USA), devised a syrup that fought the problems of digestion and also provided a plus of energy. Soon, the drink became popular and its use was not limited to digestive problems alone. Frank Robinson, a Pemberton accountant registered the brand under the name of Coca-Cola, also founding the company The Coca-Cola Company. 2\. Discovery by Intuition \-\-- the flash genius \-\-- some brilliant scientists have made discoveries based only on rational processing of previous information \-\-- natural ability or power that makes it possible to know something without any proof or evidence a\. Albert Einstein\-\-- the greatest physicist, arrive at the theory of relativity in 1905 by mere insight \-\-- mass and energy relationship b\. Lise Meitner \-\-- in 1938 he reached the idea of nuclear fission after rethinking the results of Otto Hahn's experiment. Hahn and Meitner were co-discoverers of protactinium element -- 91 c\. Frederick Kekule \-\-- discovery of the structure of benzene 3\. Discovery by trial and error \-\-- characterized by repeated, varied attempts which are continued until success, or until the practiser stops trying. a\. Thomas Edison \-\-- light bulb b\. The studying of the vaccines for covid-19 which most of the countries are making to treat the pandemic virus all over the world. **ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS OF THE PHILIPPINES** PD 1151 \-\--Philippine Environmental Policy \-\-- defines the general policies on the pursuit of a better quality of life for the present and future generations \-\-- mandates the undertaking the environmental impact assessments for all projects PD 1586 \-\-- Environmental Impact Statement System \-\-- defines the framework for the implementation of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) as the mechanism to reconcile the impacts of development projects on society and the physical environment PD 1152 \-\-- Philippine Environmental Code \-\-- defines the policy objectives and the strategies for the various aspects of environmental management, such as air and water quality management, natural source development, land management, and waste management In 1992, President Fidel V. Ramos signed Executive Order No. 15 that answers the call for global action on the state of the environment. He created the Philippine Council for Sustainable Development that adopted the Philippine Agenda 21 which takes a balanced and integrated approach to development issues by incorporating sustainable development principles and concepts aligned with the national priorities of the government. One of the strategies of Philippine Agenda 21 is the promotion of environmental education, information and public awareness. This strategy reinforces P.D. 1152 or the Philippine Environment Code of 1977 that mandates the integration of environmental education into the core curriculum of all academic levels. Agenda 21 recognizes the fact that both formal and non-formal environmental ethical awareness, values and attitudes, skills and behaviour are consistent with sustainable development. RA 7160 \-\-- Local Government Code of 1991 \-\-- provides that local government should share with the national government the responsibility in the management and maintenance of ecological balance within their territorial jurisdiction subject to national policies and other pertinent provisions of the code **Department of Science and Technology (DOST)** \-\-- Kagawaran ng Agham at Teknolohiya \-\-- is the executive department of the Philippine Government responsible for: 1\. the coordination of science and technology-related projects in the Philippines 2\. to formulate policies and projects in the fields of science and technology in support of national development research outputs: 1\. addressing the country's issues on inequality, 2\. employment, and 3\. economic competitiveness. DOST National R&D Agenda for 2017-2022: \-\-- emphasize the importance of collaborative research among stakeholders in the government, industry, and the academe to leverage growth in the Philippine economy \-\-- served as guide for the prioritization of research programs and projects funded in the last five years DOST National Research & Development Agenda for 2022-2028 Research and Development priority areas and programs 1\. National Integrated Basic Research (NIBRA) 2\. Health 3\. Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources (AANR) 4\. Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology 5\. Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation (DRR CCA) References: https://owlcation.com/stem/Serendipity-The-Role-of-Chance-in-Making-Scientific-Discoveries https://newhumanist.org.uk/articles/4852/science-and-serendipity-famous-accidental-discoveries https://ritholtz.com/2013/11/art-of-intuition-science-of-discovery/ http://www.p-i-a.com/Magazine/Issue19/Physics\_19.htm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial\_and\_error https://lawphil.net/statutes/presdecs/pd1977/pd\_1151\_1977.html https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/presdecs/pd1978/pd\_1586\_1978.html https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1977/06/06/presidential-decree-no-1152-s-1977/ https://www.senate.gov.ph/lisdata/82027399!.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department\_of\_Science\_and\_Technology\_(Philippines) http://dost.gov.ph/phocadownload/Downloads/Journals/Approved%20Harmonized%20National%20RD%20Agenda%20%202017-2022.pdf