School Organization in Spain (PDF)

**SCHOOL ORGANIZATION UNIT 3:** **Country information for Spain: legislation and policy:** The Spanish education system comprises the Spanish Constitution (1978), LODE (1985), LOE (2006), LOMLOE (2020), it reversed the LOMCE (2013). **Educational laws:** LOECE: Ley Orgánica por la que se regula...

**SCHOOL ORGANIZATION UNIT 3:** **Country information for Spain: legislation and policy:** The Spanish education system comprises the Spanish Constitution (1978), LODE (1985), LOE (2006), LOMLOE (2020), it reversed the LOMCE (2013). **Educational laws:** LOECE: Ley Orgánica por la que se regula el Estatuto de Centros Escolares (1980). LODE: Ley Orgánica reguladora del Derecho a la Educación (1985). LOGSE: Ley Orgánica de Ordenación General del Sistema Educativo (1990). LOPEG: Ley Orgánica para la Participación, Evaluación y el Gobierno de los Centros Docentes (1995). LOCE: Ley Orgánica de Calidad de la Educación (2002). LOE: Ley Orgánica de Educación (2006). LOMCE: Ley Orgánica para la Mejora de la Calidad Educativa (2013). LOMLOE: Ley Orgánica por la que se Modifica la Ley Orgánica de Educación (2020). **Macro-Organization I: The State:** Basic Legislative Framework: - - - - PARLIAMENT: Cortes Generales is the name of the Spanish Parliament, comprising two houses: - - Las Leyes Orgánicas se realizan en el Parlamento (MA en el congreso, MS en el senado). Evolution of the Management and Legislation of the educational system. Competences transferred to the Autonomous Communities with the exception of: - - **Macro-Organization II: Autonomous Communities:** Powers: - - - Poder ejecutivo: elabora reglamentos. Poder legislativo: aprueba leyes. **Educational Decentralization:** The implementation of this \`\`State of Autonomous Communities´´ entails a change in which a centralized model is giving way to a decentralized form of government. Issues and Challenges. **Laws we have to know:** - July 22, 1857. The first comprehensive regulation governing the Spanish Education System. Ley Moyano, basically unchanged until 1970. - The structure of the educational reform made a more accessible attendance to all social sectors (6-12) and responded to the demands of the labor market. - Ley General de Educación y Financiamiento de la reforma educativa. Attempt to overcome the internal **inconsistencies** caused by different partial reforms previously undertaken. 5 most relevant characteristics: - - - - - - Article 27, FREEDOM OF TEACHING 1. 2. 3. Article 27, RIGHT TO BE EDUCATED 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. **Official and minority languages:** LOMCE: Spanish/Castilian is the official language of Spain. Co-official languages: Catalan, Valencian, Galician and Euskera or Basque. Minority languages: Aragonese, Asturian and Leonese. The current legislative framework establishes that the public administration is obliged to protect co-official languages. LOMLOE: exige que la educación sea en castellano y en lenguas co oficiales cuando corresponda. Galicia (3/1983 act). Basque country (10/1982 act). Cataluña (1/1998 act). Valencia (1/ 1983 act). Aragón (3/2013 act). Asturias (1/1998 act). Navarra (18/1998 act). **Spanish Constitution 1978:** It had a marked influence on the education system. It gave rise to: Ley Orgánica 5/1980, LOECE, Ley Orgánica del Estatuto de los Centros Escolares. The first mandatory attempt to regulate: - - - **LODE 1985: LEY ORGÁNICA POR LA QUE SE REGULA EL DERECHO A LA EDUCACIÓN.** This law expands on article 27. MAJOR OBJECTIVES: - - The right of all the Spaniards to have a basic, free and non-discriminatory education. RIGHTS AND DUTIES: - - - - - - - - - - - Autonomous Communities must regulate the students\' **admission** to public schools and *centros concertados.* CHOICE OF SCHOOL: - Proximity of parent\'s home or workplace (4 points). Other siblings (10 points). Parents working in the school. Disability. Legal status. Annual family income. - - - - - - - **LOGSE. 1990. LEY ORGÁNICA DE ORDENACIÓN GENERAL DEL SISTEMA EDUCATIVO.** Regulation of the structure and organization of non-university education. 1. 2. LEVELS AND STAGES: 1. - - 2. Cradles 1-6. 3. 1-4 ESO. 1-2 Bachillerato. 4. GENERAL OBJECTIVES: - - - **LOPEG: LEY ORGÁNICA DE PARTICIPACIÓN, EVALUACIÓN Y GOBIERNO DE LOS CENTROS DOCENTES. 1995.** LOPEG made changes to the educational communities in school governance. Aspects regarding the organization and functions of the governing bodies of publicly funded schools: - - CONTENTS AND TYPES OF EVALUATION: - - - - - - How many educational areas are in the community of Madrid? 5 educational areas. How many districts are in the community of Madrid? 21 districts. How many districts are in each educational area? - - - - - THE SCHOOL SELF-EVALUATION PROCESS: - - - - - - Choice, creativity, critical thinking, collaboration, communication should be presented in all classrooms. **LOCE. 2002 LEY ORGÁNICA DE CALIDAD EDUCATIVA.** The LOCE, modified the LODE, LOGSE and LOPEG. The education system is reorganized in 3 cycles. A series of measures are proposed for achieving: - 5 main principles: - - - - - **LOE. 2006. LEY ORGÁNICA DE EDUCACIÓN.** The LOE, eliminated the LOGSE, LOCE and LOPEG. BASIC PRINCIPLES: 1. Quality education: achieve the maximum development of intellectual, cultural, emotional and social capacities. 2. The responsibility of the school succeed falls on: - - - - - - 3. 3 main objectives proposed by the European Union: - - - **INFANT EDUCATION:** Non-compulsory stage (2 cycles). The second cycle is regulated in all aspects at State level by means of a national regulation: - - - - Basic principles: - - - **PRIMARY EDUCATION:** Compulsory stage (3 cycles), 6 academic years (6-12). 1. 2. 3. A general diagnostic evaluation: - - - - **LOE- LOMCE- LOMLOE.** **EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS:** 1. Educational Institutions which are not in private ownership may provide any of the established educational levels and stages of the education system as long as they meet the necessary requirements. 2. Private schools \`\`publicly´´ funded must comply with a series of requirements. Standards must be achieved by all schools in order to ensure the quality of education provided. These conditions are set by the educational legislation. Common terms of operation with the public schools: - - - - - 3. Private schools are free for: - - - - - **SECOND CYCLE OF INFANT EDUCATION AND PRIMARY EDUCATION ORGANIZATION OF SCHOOL TIME:** The **school year** is established by each Autonomous Community. - - - - **INFANT EDUCATION:** **Ratio**, in the second cycle, maximum of **25 students** per teacher. In the first cycle: - - - Normally it starts the first week of September and ends the last week of July. Holidays: a week at Christmas and Easter, and the month of August. ORGANIZATION OF TIME: - - IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS: 35 hours per week. 7 hours per day (9am-4pm). Monday to Friday. Extended schedule. Breakfast service: schools can be opened from 7:30am. **PRIMARY EDUCATION:** Maximum of 25 students per teacher. Who designs the teaching, learning and assessment activities? THE TEACHING TEAM. 55 minutes each class.