WJEC GCSE Geography A Comp 1 MS S19 PDF

GCSE MARKING SCHEME SUMMER 2019 GEOGRAPHY SPECIFICATION A COMPONENT 1 C111U10-1 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. INTRODUCTION This marking scheme was used by WJEC for the 2019 examination. It was finalised after detailed discussion at examiners' conferences by all the examiners involved in the assessment. The...

GCSE MARKING SCHEME SUMMER 2019 GEOGRAPHY SPECIFICATION A COMPONENT 1 C111U10-1 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. INTRODUCTION This marking scheme was used by WJEC for the 2019 examination. It was finalised after detailed discussion at examiners' conferences by all the examiners involved in the assessment. The conference was held shortly after the paper was taken so that reference could be made to the full range of candidates' responses, with photocopied scripts forming the basis of discussion. The aim of the conference was to ensure that the marking scheme was interpreted and applied in the same way by all examiners. It is hoped that this information will be of assistance to centres but it is recognised at the same time that, without the benefit of participation in the examiners' conference, teachers may have different views on certain matters of detail or interpretation. WJEC regrets that it cannot enter into any discussion or correspondence about this marking scheme. © WJEC CBAC Ltd.  EDUQAS GCSE GEOGRAPHY SPEC A COMPONENT 1 SUMMER 2019 MARK SCHEME Instructions for examiners of GCSE Geography when applying the marking scheme 1. Positive marking It should be remembered that learners are writing under examination conditions and credit should be given for what the learner writes, rather than adopting the approach of penalising him/her for any omissions. It should be possible for a very good response to achieve full marks and a very poor one to achieve zero marks. Marks should not be deducted for a less than perfect answer if it satisfies the criteria of the mark scheme. GCSE Geography marking schemes are presented in a common format as shown below: This box contains the The columns to the right indicate the sub-question assessment objective(s) targeted by the question and its mark tariff. 3 (a) (i) Describe the location of the island of Lefkada. AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 2 2 Credit two simple statements In western Greece (1) In Ionian Sea (1) north of Cephalonia based on map evidence. (1) 275km (+/-10) from Athens (1) 280km (+/-10) from Credit accurate use of Thessaloniki (1) compass points max 1 Credit accurate use of scale line max 1 This box contains the This box contains the candidates' expected rationale i.e. it explains the responses for point-based marking. For some sub- principles that must be questions, those with a closed question, this box will applied when marking each indicate the only response that is acceptable. For sub-question. The more open ended sub-questions this box will illustrate examiner must apply this a number of likely responses that are credit worthy. It rationale when applying the may be that this list will be extended at the marking scheme to the examiner's conference after actual scripts have been response. read. For banded mark schemes this box contains indicative content. For further details see below under Banded mark schemes Stage 2. 1 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. 2. Tick marking Low tariff questions should be marked using a points-based system. Each credit worthy response should be ticked at the appropriate place on the response. The number of ticks must equal the mark awarded for the sub-question. The mark scheme should be applied precisely using the expected outcomes box as a guide to the responses that are acceptable. Do not use crosses to indicate answers that are incorrect. If the candidate has not attempted the question, then the examiner should enter a dash (-) or use the not attempted icon on E- marker. 3. Banded mark schemes Banded mark schemes are divided so that each band has a relevant descriptor. The descriptor for the band provides a description of the performance level for that band. Each band contains a range of marks. Examiners should first read and annotate, using the comment bank, a learner’s answer to pick out the evidence that is being assessed in that question. Do not use ticks on the candidate’s response. Once the annotation is complete, the mark scheme can be applied. This is done as a two-stage process. Stage 1 – Deciding on the band When deciding on a band, the answer should be viewed holistically. Beginning at the lowest band, examiners should look at the learner’s answer and check whether it matches the descriptor for that band. Examiners should look at the descriptor for that band and see if it matches the qualities shown in the learner’s answer. If the descriptor at the lowest band is satisfied, examiners should move up to the next band and repeat this process for each band until the descriptor matches the answer. If an answer covers different aspects of different bands within the mark scheme, a ‘best fit’ approach should be adopted to decide on the band and then the learner’s response should be used to decide on the mark within the band. For instance, if a response is mainly in band 2 but with a limited amount of band 3 content, the answer would be placed in band 2, but the mark awarded would be close to the top of band 2 as a result of the band 3 content. Examiners should not seek to mark candidates down as a result of small omissions in minor areas of an answer. Stage 2 – Deciding on the mark Once the band has been decided, examiners can then assign a mark. During standardising (marking conference), detailed advice from the Principal Examiner on the qualities of each mark band will be given. Examiners will then receive examples of answers in each mark band that have been awarded a mark by the Principal Examiner. Examiners should mark the examples and compare their marks with those of the Principal Examiner. When marking, examiners can use these examples to decide whether a learner’s response is of a superior, inferior or comparable standard to the example. Examiners are reminded of the need to revisit the answer as they apply the mark scheme in order to confirm that the band and the mark allocated is appropriate to the response provided. Indicative content is also provided for banded mark schemes. Indicative content is not exhaustive, and any other valid points must be credited. In order to reach the highest bands of the mark scheme a learner need not cover all of the points mentioned in the indicative content but must meet the requirements of the highest mark band. Where a response is not creditworthy, that is contains nothing of any significance to the mark scheme, or where no response has been provided, no marks should be awarded. 2 © WJEC CBAC Ltd.  Core Theme 1 – Question 1 (a) (i) Give the four figure grid reference for the square outlined in red. AO2.1 AO2.2 Cicrle the correct answer below. Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit this response 5348 (1) 1 1 only. (a) (ii) Circle the correct answer in the following sentence. AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit this response steep (1) 1 1 only. (a) (iii) Many people visit this part of the UK each year. Give two AO2.1 AO2.2 features of this landscape that attract visitors. Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit two valid Ebbor Gorge (1) caves (1) nature reserve 2 2 features on the map (1) walks/trails/long distance path (1) each for one mark. views/vantage points (1) paper mill (1) museum (1) camp site (1) National Trust (1) tumuli (1) cairn (1) This is not an exhausitive list. (a) (iv) Describe one positive impact and one negative impact of AO2.1 AO2.2 having many visitors in a physical landscape you have studied. Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit two valid Positive: 4 4 statements for one Helps the economy/local businesses (1) as mark each and up to visitors spend money (1) at shops/pubs two developments for a etc... (1) further mark(s). Allows rural areas to diversify (1) create (2 + 2) or (3+1) jobs (1) Leads to protection of the landscape (1) Credit example for one more sustainable (1) mark if in context Negative: Carrying capacity can be exceeded (1) damaging the landscape (1) Results in issues like litter, parking or footpath erosion etc... (1) that need managing (1) 3 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. (b) (i) Identify landform A. Tick ( ) the correct box below. AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit this response Wave-cut platform (1) 1 1 only. (b) (ii) Complete the paragraph by selecting the correct term from the AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 box below. Credit these responses bedding planes (1) 3 3 only. hydraulic action (1) stacks (1) (b) (iii) Explain why rock falls occur on the cliffs of some UK AO2.1 AO2.2 coastlines. Total AO1 AO3 AO4 6 6 This question assesses AO2.2, inter-relationships (in this Responses should focus on the case between process and landform). reasons for the occurrence of rock Use the descriptors below, working upwards from the falls on cliffs. lowest band. Band Marks Descriptor Wave action (abrasion/hydraulic 3 5-6 Thorough and elaborated action/corrosion) at the foot of a cliff understanding of the link between result in the formation of wave-cut processes and landform. Depth of notches which undermine the cliff understanding is demonstrated above. A huge mass of rocks is now through chains of reasoning. unsupported and overhangs the 2 3-4 Elaborated understanding of some notch and will eventually collapse as a of the links between the processes rock fall due to gravity. and landform. Bedding planes and joints in cliff – 1 1-2 Simple, valid statement(s) exposed to weathering (winter frosts/ demonstrate basic understanding rainfall/biological) – and widened - of the process/landform. weakens cliff – unstable – collapse - gravity 0 Award 0 marks if the answer is incorrect or wholly irrelevant. 4 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. (c) (i) Calculate the median value for these erosion rates. Show your AO2.1 AO2.2 working in the space below. Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit working for one Put the data into rank order to identify the 2 mark as shown. median value (1) Credit this response for The median value is 0.98 (1) one mark. (c) (ii) Explain why the median value may not be regarded as the most AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 appropriate measure of central tendency for these erosion rates? Credit two valid The median value does not take into 2 statements or one account extreme (wide range) of values (1) which is developed. but the mean does (1) which can give a misleading picture of erosion rates (1) The median discounts extreme values (1) there are no extremes in this data (1) The data set can have an even number of figures (1) which leads to further calculation (1) (c) (iii) For one coastal management strategy, explain why there can AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 be unintended consequences of human intervention. 4 4 This question assesses AO2.2, inter-relationships (in Responses should focus on the this case between human activity and process). reasons for the unintended Use the descriptors below, working upwards from the consequences of any one coastal lowest band. management strategy which was designed to reduce erosion. Band Mark Descriptor Groynes are designed to trap 2 3-4 Understanding demonstrated sediment and prevent its natural through elaborated explanation. movement (longshore drift) along the 1 1-2 Simple valid statement(s) coast. Beaches further along the demonstrate basic understanding. coast are starved of new sand and 0 Award 0 marks if the answer is natural protection is lost. incorrect or wholly irrelevant. Offshore dredging of sands and gravels for beach replenishment may affect the supply of material to some beaches and increase erosion rates especially on soft rock cliffs. Sea walls/rip rap stop access to the beach – could reduce tourism 5 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. (d) Is ‘hard’ engineering the best option to reduce the risk of AO2.1 AO2.2 SPaG flooding in the city of Nottingham and the surrounding areas? Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Justify your reasons. 8 8 Use the descriptors below, working upwards from the This question requires candidates to lowest band. synthesise links between different areas of knowledge and understanding Band Marks Descriptor to analyse and evaluate drainage basin 4 7-8 Exceptional application of management. knowledge and understanding. All elements of AO3 are targeted. Comprehensive chains of Responses will ascribe specific reasoning provide meaning to interpret and analyse the sophisticated analysis. resources (novel information) before Balanced and coherent evaluating the evidence and making a appraisal draws together judgement. wider geographical understanding to justify Candidates should develop lines of decision. argument about future management 3 5-6 Thorough application of approaches to the problem of flooding knowledge and understanding. in the UK. Chains of reasoning provide They may argue that ‘hard’ engineering elaborated analysis. is the best option because: Balanced appraisal draws the new defences will protect many together wider geographical homes and businesses and road and understanding to support rail infrastructure in the area and are decision. good value for money e.g. £6million 2 3-4 Sound application of knowledge under budget. and understanding. Some connections provide They may argue that ‘hard’ engineering valid but limited analysis. is not the best option because: Limited appraisal uses wider we should be managing rivers in the geographical understanding upper catchments and that building on to support decision. floodplains should be restricted or even 1 1-2 stopped; the defences might have Some basic application of negative environmental consequences knowledge and understanding. on wetland areas. Basic level of meaning ascribed to the They may argue a combination of both information/issue. hard and soft engineering are the best Limited and weak appraisal option. uses some wider geographical understanding to support decision. 0 Award zero marks if the answer is incorrect or wholly irrelevant. Balance acknowledges both sides of the argument but doesn’t necessarily give them equal weight. 6 © WJEC CBAC Ltd.  Core Theme 2 – Question 2 (a) (i) Name one urban area in the south-east of Dorset. AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit one valid Swanage (1) Bournemouth (1) Poole (1) 1 1 response. Christchurch (1) (a) (ii) Tick one box below to give the correct definition of sphere of AO2.1 AO2.2 influence. Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit this response The area which is served by a town or city 1 1 only. (1) (a) (iii) Give one reason why towns and cities have a large sphere of AO2.1 AO2.2 influence. Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit one response They provide employment/services/tourist 2 and its development for attractions (1) as these are not available in a further mark. rural areas (1) so attract people from long distances (1) (b) (i) Use Table 2.3 to calculate the percentage of people aged 65+ AO2.1 AO2.2 who lived in Poole in 2015. Show your working. Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit working for max. 33,470 / 151,500 x 100 (1) 2 2 1 mark as shown Credit this response Accept within range of 22 – 22.1 (1) only for one mark. (b) (ii) Give two ways in which the structure of the over 65 population AO2.1 AO2.2 is predicted to change in Dorset by 2033. Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit two valid More male/female 65+ (1) significantly more 2 2 statements for one 90+ (1) male/female differences are mark each. reduced (1) the modal group has changed from 60-64 to 65-69 (1) 7 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. (b) (iii) Describe two ways in which an ageing population will create AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 challenges for the UK. Credit two valid Require health care (1) expensive/stress on 4 4 statements for one NHS (1) mark each and up to The government receives less money in two developments for a taxes (1) but pays more in state pensions further mark(s). (1) which could results in cuts to other (2 + 2) (3 +1) services (1) Loneliness (1) need for more support services (1) Need for more suitable housing (1) (iv) The county of Dorset is largely rural with a sparse population. AO2.1 AO2.2 Explain why the population of many remote rural areas is declining. Total AO1 AO3 AO4 6 6 This question assesses AO2.1, geographical concepts Responses should demonstrate (in this case the consequences of the urban-rural understanding of reason(s) which continuum). result in rural depopulation such as... Use the descriptors below, working upwards from the lowest band. In many remote rural areas there are: a lack of jobs; Band Marks Descriptor low income and part-time work; lack of services; 3 5-6 Thorough and elaborated poor public transport and internet understanding of the reasons. connections; Depth of understanding is school closures; demonstrated through chains of lack of affordable housing; reasoning. issue of second homes; 2 3-4 Elaborated understanding of the pull factors of cities reasons. 1 1-2 Simple, valid statement(s) demonstrate basic understanding of the reasons. 0 Award 0 marks if the answer is incorrect or wholly irrelevant. 8 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. (c) (i) Tick () three correct statements in the table which describe the AO2.1 AO2.2 distribution and location of Amazon Centres in the UK. Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit three correct Correct statements 3 3 statements. 3 5 No marks if more than 6 three answers given. Only (c) (ii) Give one reason why use of the internet has a negative impact AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 on the high street of towns and cities. Credit one response More people prefer to shop online (1) so 2 2 and its development for sales in shops decline (1) / so loss of jobs a further mark. (1) More people do online banking (1) branches close and general decline of high streets (1) (c) (iii) State three ways in which towns and cities have improved the AO2.1 AO2.2 quality of the high street environment for shoppers. Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit up to three valid Pedestrianised streets/wide pavements (1) 3 3 statements each for street furniture (1) greenery (1) one mark entertainment (1) signage and information (1) covered shopping malls (1) CCTV cameras (1) lighting (1) special events (1) car park facilities (1) access via park and ride (1) 9 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. (d) ‘Global cities in HICs have fewer and different challenges SPAG AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 compared to global cities in NICs or LICs.’ How far do you agree with this statement? 8 4 12 Use the descriptors below to work upwards from the This question requires candidates to lowest band. synthesise links between different areas of knowledge and Band Marks Descriptor understanding to analyse and evaluate urban issues in two 4 7-8 Exceptional application of contrasting global cities. knowledge and understanding. All elements of AO3 are targeted. Comprehensive chains of reasoning provide sophisticated Responses will ascribe specific analysis. meaning to interpret and analyse the Balanced and coherent resources (novel information) before appraisal draws together wider evaluating the evidence and making a geographical understanding to judgement. justify decision. Candidates should develop lines of 3 5-6 Thorough application of knowledge argument about the consequences of and understanding. urbanisation in two global cities. Chains of reasoning provide elaborated analysis. They may disagree because: Balanced appraisal draws all cities have the challenge of together wider geographical reducing poverty and providing understanding to support sufficient housing; decision. cities in HICs have areas of wealth and poverty and people who sleep 2 3-4 Sound application of knowledge rough; and understanding. cities in NICs and LICs have areas of Some connections provide slums and informal housing and valid but limited analysis. emerging middle classes; Limited appraisal uses wider all cities have congestion issues. geographical understanding to support decision. They may agree because: HICs have the means to tackle these 1 1-2 Some basic application of challenges and promote urban knowledge and understanding. renewal; Basic level of meaning ascribed migration is rural to urban in to the information/issue. NICs/LICs and international (including Limited and weak appraisal refugees and asylum seekers) in uses some wider geographical HICs; understanding to support UK cities have the challenge of decision. creating sustainable communities. 0 Award 0 marks if the answer is incorrect or wholly irrelevant. Balance acknowledges both sides of the argument but doesn’t necessarily give them equal weight. 10 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. Once a mark has been awarded for the geographical content, apply the performance descriptors for spelling, punctuation and the accurate use of grammar and specialist terms that follow. Band Mark Performance descriptions Learners spell and punctuate with consistent accuracy Learners use rules of grammar with effective control of High 4 meaning overall Learners use a wide range of specialist terms as appropriate Learners spell and punctuate with considerable accuracy Learners use rules of grammar with general control of meaning Intermediate 2–3 overall Learners use a good range of specialist terms as appropriate Learners spell and punctuate with reasonable accuracy Learners use rules of grammar with some control of meaning Threshold 1 and any errors do not significantly hinder meaning overall Learners use a limited range of specialist terms as appropriate The learner writes nothing The learner’s response does not relate to the question 0 The learner’s achievement in SPaG does not reach the threshold performance level, for example errors in spelling, punctuation and grammar severely hinder meaning 11 © WJEC CBAC Ltd.  Theme 3 – Question 3 (a) Describe the changes shown on the graph AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit up to two valid Overall increase (1) peak at 20.17/20.18 2 2 statements each for peaks again after 20.30 (1) fluctuates (1) one mark. quantification (1) (b) (i) Give two human factors that increase the vulnerability of AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 communities to tectonic hazards. Credit two valid human Poverty (1) living in informal/poor 2 2 factors each for one housing/poorly built (1) level of education mark. (1) age (1) disability (1) population density (1) perception (1) lack of warnings (1) (b) (ii) Explain why pyroclastic flows are a significant volcanic hazard. AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 4 4 This question assesses AO2.2, inter-relationships (in Responses should focus on the this case between process and people). reasons for the hazardous nature of Use the descriptors below, working upwards from the pyroclastic flows. lowest band. Pyroclastic flows are fast moving (up to Band Mark Descriptor 110 kph) so it is very difficult to get out of their path. They are clouds of very 2 3-4 Understanding demonstrated hot (100°C+) gas, ash and rock (which through elaborated explanation. range in size) that move like a liquid. 1 1-2 Simple valid statement(s) So therefore they can demolish demonstrate basic understanding. buildings and the high temperatures 0 Award 0 marks if the answer is can start fires. There is also the danger incorrect or wholly irrelevant. of inhalation of choking gases. Their paths are also very difficult to predict. 12 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. (c) Should permanent exclusion zones be set up around all active AO2.1 AO2.2 volcanoes to reduce the risks associated with eruptions? Justify your Total AO1 AO3 AO4 decision. 8 8 Use the descriptors below to work upwards from the This question requires candidates to lowest band. synthesise links between different areas of knowledge and Band Marks Descriptor understanding to analyse and evaluate vulnerability and hazard 4 7-8 Exceptional application of reduction. knowledge and understanding. All elements of AO3 are targeted. Comprehensive chains of reasoning provide sophisticated Responses will ascribe specific analysis. meaning to interpret and analyse the Balanced and coherent resources (novel information) before appraisal draws together wider evaluating the evidence and making a geographical understanding to judgement. justify decision. Candidates should develop lines of 3 5-6 Thorough application of knowledge argument about how hazard mapping and understanding. may be used to reduce the risks Chains of reasoning provide associated with volcanic eruptions. elaborated analysis. Balanced appraisal draws They may agree because: together wider geographical hazard mapping allows local understanding to support authorities to limit or restrict access to decision. certain areas and control the development of areas considered to 2 3-4 Sound application of knowledge be at risk; and understanding. safe zones are therefore created. Some connections provide valid but limited analysis. They may disagree because: Limited appraisal uses wider monitoring and improved emergency geographical understanding to planning are used to reduce the risks; support decision. lots of people depend on the fertile soil for farming; 1 1-2 Some basic application of many also work in the tourist industry; knowledge and understanding. hazard mapping will not prevent the Basic level of meaning ascribed cancellation of flights due to volcanic to the information/issue. ash. Limited and weak appraisal Some volcanoes erupt infrequently uses some wider geographical Some volcanoes are less dangerous understanding to support decision. 0 Award 0 marks if the answer is incorrect or wholly irrelevant. Balance acknowledges both sides of the argument but doesn’t necessarily give them equal weight. 13 © WJEC CBAC Ltd.  Theme 4 – Question 4 (a) Describe the changes shown on the graph. AO2a AO2b Total AO1 AO3 AO4 Credit up to two valid Overall increase (1) fluctuation (1) 2 2 statements each for quantification e.g overall increase by 80- one mark. 90mm/above 80mm (1) (b) (i) Give two human factors that increase the vulnerability of AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 communities to coastal hazards. Credit two valid human Poverty (1) living in informal/poor housing 2 2 factors each for one (1) level of education (1) age (1) disability mark. (1) population density (1) lack of investment/coastal defences (1) perception (1) (b) (ii) Explain why powerful storms can cause coastal flooding. AO2.1 AO2.2 Total AO1 AO3 AO4 4 4 This question assesses AO2.2, inter-relationships (in Responses should focus on the this case between process and people). reasons for the hazardous nature of Use the descriptors below, working upwards from the severe storms. lowest band. Low pressure in the atmosphere has Band Mark Descriptor the effect of raising sea levels. Strong winds create large waves which can 2 3-4 Understanding demonstrated result in storm surges.If storms through elaborated explanation. approach a coastline at high tide the 1 1-2 Simple valid statement(s) risk of severe flooding is increased. demonstrate basic understanding. Climate change may lead to rising sea 0 Award 0 marks if the answer is levels/warming seas – leads to more incorrect or wholly irrelevant. powerful storm. This in turn results in damage to coastal defences and properties/businesses 14 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. (c) Should all communities be protected from coastal flooding in the AO2.1 AO2.2 face of rising sea levels? Justify your decision Total AO1 AO3 AO4 8 8 Use the descriptors below to work upwards from the This question requires candidates to lowest band. synthesise links between different areas of knowledge and Band Marks Descriptor understanding to analyse and evaluate the management of coastal 4 7-8 Exceptional application of hazards. knowledge and understanding. All elements of AO3 are targeted. Comprehensive chains of reasoning provide sophisticated Responses will ascribe specific analysis. meaning to interpret and analyse the Balanced and coherent resources (novel information) before appraisal draws together wider evaluating the evidence and making a geographical understanding to judgement. justify decision. Candidates should develop lines of 3 5-6 Thorough application of knowledge argument about the concept of cost- and understanding. benefit. Chains of reasoning provide elaborated analysis. They may disagree because: Balanced appraisal draws some coastlines have low populations together wider geographical and low value land; understanding to support managed retreat has environmental decision. benefits; building coastal defences are 2 3-4 Sound application of knowledge expensive and need constant and understanding. maintenance. Some connections provide valid but limited analysis. They may agree because: Limited appraisal uses wider monitoring and improved emergency geographical understanding to planning and hazard mapping are support decision. used to reduce the risk of flooding; the land is used for farming which 1 1-2 Some basic application of may be very productive; knowledge and understanding. tourism is an important source of work Basic level of meaning ascribed and income for coastal communities. to the information/issue. Limited and weak appraisal uses some wider geographical understanding to support decision. 0 Award 0 marks if the answer is incorrect or wholly irrelevant. Balance acknowledges both sides of the argument but doesn’t necessarily give them equal weight. C111U10-1 EDUQAS GCSE GEOGRAPHY SPECIFICATION A COMPONENT 1 SUMMER 2019 MS/ED 15 © WJEC CBAC Ltd.