NUR 361 Psych Test 2 Review PDF

NUR 361 Psych Test 2 Review Group (8 questions) Group definition- a collection of individuals whose association is founded on shared interests, values, norms, or purpose. Membership in a group is generally by chance (born into the group), by choice (voluntary affiliation), or by circumstance (the re...

NUR 361 Psych Test 2 Review Group (8 questions) Group definition- a collection of individuals whose association is founded on shared interests, values, norms, or purpose. Membership in a group is generally by chance (born into the group), by choice (voluntary affiliation), or by circumstance (the result of life-cycle events over which an individual may or may not have control). Functions of a Group ○ Socialization- provides interaction with peers ○ Support- develops security from other members of the group ○ Task Completion- provide assistance in endeavors that are beyond the capacity of one individual alone or when results can be achieved more effectively as a team ○ Camaraderie- members of a group provide the joy and pleasure that individuals seek from interactions with significant others ○ Information sharing- knowledge is gained when individual members learn how others in the group have resolved situations similar to those with which they are currently struggling ○ Normative influence- group members interact and influence each other regarding the expected norms for communication and behavior ○ Empowerment- bring about improvement in existing conditions by providing support to individual members who seek to bring about change ○ Governance- may provide oversight functions and direction of activities Types of Groups ○ Task- the function of a task group is to accomplish a specific outcome or task ○ Teaching- exist to convey knowledge and information to a number of individuals ○ Supportive/Therapeutic- primarily concerned with participants sharing thoughts, feelings, events, and coping strategies to help them learn effective ways to deal with emotional stress arising from situational or developmental crises ○ Self-Help- allow clients to talk about their fears and relieve feelings of isolation while receiving comfort and advice from others undergoing similar experiences Physical Conditions that Influence Group Dynamics ○ Seating- no barriers between members ○ Size- no more than 15 people ○ Membership- open or closed ended Therapeutic Factors ○ Instillation of hope- by observing the progress of others in the group with similar problems, a group member garners hope that his or her problems can also be resolved ○ Universality- individuals come to realize that they are not alone in the problems, thoughts, and feelings they are experiencing ○ Imparting of information- sharing of advice and suggestions among group members ○ Altruism- mutual sharing and concern for each other ○ Corrective recapitulation of the primary family group- members are able to re-experience early family conflicts that remain unresolved ○ Development of socializing techniques- interaction with and feedback from other members of the group ○ Imitative behavior- members who have mastered particular psychosocial skills or developmental tasks can be valuable role models for others ○ Interpersonal learning- group offers many and varied opportunities for interacting with other people ○ Group cohesiveness- members develop a sense of belonging that separates the individual from the group ○ Catharsis- members are able to express both positive and negative feelings ○ Existential factors- the group is able to help individual members take direction of their own lives and to accept responsibility for the quality of their existence Phases of Group Development ○ Phase I. Initial or Orientation Phase- establish/clarify rules and goals ○ Phase II. Middle or Working Phase- work towards completion of the task,sSupport the group to express their feelings about any conflict. ○ Phase III. Final or Termination Phase- review the goals and outcomes, members will feel safe to practice new interpersonal behaviors ○ Example of Timeline of a Group Establish a need based on the unit population Plan the goal(s) of the group Promote an atmosphere of respect and safety Members are focusing on problem solving Members will reflect on their progress in the group Leadership Styles ○ Autocratic-the focus in this style of leadership is on the leader ○ Democratic- leaders focus on the members of the group ○ Laissez-Faire- allows people to do as they please Member Roles ○ Task Roles Coordinator- brings relationships together to pursue common goals Evaluator- examines group plans and performance Elaborator- explains and expands upon group plans and ideas Energizer- encourages and motivates group to perform at its maximum potential Initiator- outlines the task at hand for the group and proposes methods for solution Orienter- maintains direction within the group ○ Maintenance Roles Compromiser- relieves conflict within the group by assisting members to reach a compromise agreeable to all Encourager- offers recognition and acceptance of others’ ideas and contributions Follower- listens attentively to group interaction; is a passive participant Gatekeeper- encourages acceptance of and participation by all members of the group Harmonizer- minimizes tension within the group by intervening when disagreements produce conflict ○ Individual Roles Aggressor- expresses negativism and hostility toward other members Blocker- resists group efforts Dominator- manipulates others to gain control Help-seeker- uses the group to gain sympathy from others Monopolizer- maintains control of the group by dominating the conversation Mute or silent member- does not participate verbally; remains silent Recognition seeker- talks about personal accomplishments in an effort to gain attention for self Seducer- shares intimate details about self with group ○ Role of the Nurse Can lead a variety of groups such as self-help, teaching, and supportive. CANNOT lead psychotherapy groups. Clarify the rules and goals of the group. Enhance therapeutic factors in the group by using interpersonal learning, universality, and instillation of hope. If a member is silent/doesn’t participate you can ask a question and come back later for the answer. Encourage the members to share their feelings about the patient's monopolizing.