Cognitive Neuroscience Exam 1 Review Sheet PDF

Cognitive Neuroscience Exam 1: Review Sheet Please study early and often, and remember that this study-guide is just that -- it is a guide. This is to aid you in your studying and you may be tested on any material covered in the lectures and your reading assignments...

Cognitive Neuroscience Exam 1: Review Sheet Please study early and often, and remember that this study-guide is just that -- it is a guide. This is to aid you in your studying and you may be tested on any material covered in the lectures and your reading assignments. Know as much as possible about each of the topics listed below, paying attention to your lecture notes, lecture slides and book chapters. Have fun studying. Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience [Text Chapter 1 & Lecture: History] What is Cognitive Psychology Cognitive Psychology: Studying the Mind (e.g., Donders, Wundt, Ebbinghaus, etc.) Broca Gall & Phrenology Chomsky Behaviorism Cognitive Revolution Information Processing Approach The role of models Cognitive Neuroscience [Text Ch 2 & Lecture: Brains & Neurons, Methods] Be able to label the lobes and know its general function as discussed in lecture What are neurons, what are glial cells? Representation by Neurons Nerve Net Theory Neuron Doctrine Know the basic structure & function of a neuron - be able to label a diagram of a neuron and tell me its function. Using a few sentences, be able to describe how neurons communicate e.g. electrical vs chemical communication, properties of an action potential Function of the hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain What types of structures are found in the subcortex? And what do they do? (e.g., basal ganglia, thalamus, limbic system, etc) What is white matter vs gray matter? What is the corpus callosum? What is primary v non-primary cortex? Primary cortices: where are they located, how are they organized? Concept of cortical magnification Laminar organization vs. columnar organization & principles of connectivity Concept of localization of function Double dissociation For the following methods, explain 1). What is measured (e.g., electrical activity), 2) why it is used, 3) advantages & disadvantages -Behavioral Methods -Neural Methods -Single Unit Recording - EEG -TMS -PET/FMRI -Neurosurgery related methods - Neuropsychology/Lesion -Modeling FMRI Lecture What is a BOLD signal? What is a voxel? What does FMRI measure? Difference between EPI vs anatomical image Block vs Event-Related Design What is preprocessing? Understand the 4 preprocessing steps (motion correction, spatial smoothing, coregistraton, normalization). How are statistical analyses conducted? Model vs signal Perception: Visual System [Text Chapter 3, Lecture: Perception] What is perception? Context Effects in perception What are some problems facing a perception system? What is the purpose of the visual system? Top down vs bottom up processing. Concept of “Gestalt” Grouping principles Helmholtz’s Theory of Unconscious Inference Regularities in the environment Experience Dependent Plasticity Pathway from Eye to LGN to V1 Properties and location of primary visual cortex Retinotopy What is a receptive field? General organization of the visual system: cortical layers, columns, parallel & hierarchical processing. Binding problem Face perception & Face perception papers Dorsal v Ventral (What vs. Where) Visual deficits associated with the dorsal and ventral streams Specificity, “grandmother cell hypothesis” vs ensemble encoding Attention [Text Chapter 4, Lecture: Attention] What is attention? What is the purpose of focusing attention on something? Models of Attention What are some ways to study attention: visual search, dichotic listening How does processing load and capacity affect attention? Stroop Effect Endogenous Attention vs Exogenous Attention Scanning and Eye movements Spotlight Theory of Attention Posner Task Object Based Attention Feature Integration Theory Divided Attention Distracted Driving Failures of attention: Inattentional Blindness, Change Blindness Brain areas involved in attention Neglect syndrome