Industrialization & Immigration Exam 2022 KEY PDF

Review Sheet- Industrialization & Immigration Exam 2022 Directions: Answer the following questions and submit this review sheet for homework credit. Historical Context: Industrialization & Immigration Cause & Effects of Industrialization 1. What is an assembly line? An assembly...

Review Sheet- Industrialization & Immigration Exam 2022 Directions: Answer the following questions and submit this review sheet for homework credit. Historical Context: Industrialization & Immigration Cause & Effects of Industrialization 1. What is an assembly line? An assembly line is a method of production in which each person does one job and everything moves along a conveyor belt. 2. What was the result of using machines and mass-production to make products in factories? could make more products in less time, reducing the cost of producing goods. The Industrialists/Robber Barons vs. Captain of Industry 3. What effect did monopolies have on small business and the government? Monopolies eliminated all competition Government approach was laissez faire (hands off the economy) 4. How do monopolies harm the consumer? Monopolies could charge higher prices for goods 5. Define robber baron. Robber baron is somebody who became rich through unjust and cruel ways, they pay workers low wages and their workers face harsh and dangerous conditions. 6. Complete the chart below: Industrialist Business They Controlled Cornelius Vanderbuilt Railroad John D. Rockefeller Oil Andrew Carnegie Steel JP Morgan Banking Factors Affecting Immuration/Ellis/Angel Island 7. Where did the “new immigrants” come from? Southern and Eastern Europe and Asia  8. What are the reasons why the “new immigrants” came to the US? Poverty in their home country, famine, political reasons, to escape religious persecution, new job opportunities. 9. During which events/ periods of time was immigration to the US low? During wars and depressions (ex. Civil War and the Great Depression) 10. Why was Ellis Island important? It was a main drop off/ introduction area for new immigrants Ellis Island’s Great Hall is where the immigrants were processed 11. Why did immigrants settle in urban areas? Many were unskilled workers who didn’t know how to farm so they worked in factories located in cities 12. Why did business leaders encourage immigration to the United States? Immigrants were a source of cheap labor. 13. What are examples of ethnic neighborhoods in New York City? Chinatown, Little Italy Assimilation 14. Define the word assimilation. What changes did some immigrants make in order to assimilate to American society? Assimilation is the process of blending into another culture. Some immigrants changed their religious views, food, clothing style, language,. 15. Why is the United States sometimes called a "Melting Pot"? immigrant customs have blended to make up America's general culture. Nativism/Chinese Exclusion/Immigration Restrictions 16. What is nativism? Nativism is the fear of new immigrants. Many felt they were undesirable and competed with American workers for jobs 17. What was a common complaint of Nativist groups in the United States? They complained about jobs being taken away, a depletion of resources and U.S culture was being destroyed 18. How did Chinese immigrants experience discrimination? Chinese Exclusion Act being passed-limited the number of Chinese immigrants allowed in America Urbanization/Living Conditions 19. What were problems found in the cities? Tenements (an apartment building with small rooms) were filthy and crowded, many lived in poverty, dirty Cities were overcrowded *Huge growth of cities led to the need for mass transit (subways for example) 20. What were tenements? Who lived in tenements? Where were tenements located? Tenements are a room or set or rooms in a building or apartment building, mainly immigrants and those in the lower class, they were located on the Lower East Side of NYC. 21. Describe the working conditions in the factories.. They worked long hours each day with rarely any breaks for low pay, the factories and machines were dirty as well as the machines being very dangerous. Workers were treated unfairly, and were often fired for little things. 22. What was the significance of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire? It exposed the horrible working conditions in factories, as well as the importance of fire drills and fire exists. 23. Why did factories use child labor? Children would work for little pay, and their smaller hands could fit easily in the machines. They were less likely to rise up against their bosses. Labor Unions 24. Why did workers join labor unions? They wanted better working conditions and pay as well as rights as workers. 25. Who was Samuel Gompers? He was a labor union leader who founded the American Federation of Labor. 26. How did the United States government react to union attempts to organize labor? They would have strikebreakers for many companies, they called in law enforcement and tried their best to stop these attempts. *Sided with the businesses