Respiratory System PDF

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM I have had a sinus infection that was very painful in the past. True False  Human Respiration Works together with the circulatory system Exchange of gases between atmosphere, blood, and cells Cells need O2 for work; release CO2...

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM I have had a sinus infection that was very painful in the past. True False  Human Respiration Works together with the circulatory system Exchange of gases between atmosphere, blood, and cells Cells need O2 for work; release CO2 as a waste product Accumulation of excess CO2 is toxic to cells and MUST be removed* When I exhale, oxygen is present. Agree Disagree  Gas Exchange GAS INHALED EXHALED O2 21% 15% CO2.004% 4.0% H 2O 1.25% 6% 300 million alveoli in a healthy lung Hemoglobin can hold four O2 molecules Respiratory Structures and Organs Respiratory Structures and Organs Nose – made of cartilage and bone and is designed to warm, moisten, and filter air as it comes into the system Pharynx – (throat) conducts food and air; exchanges air with Eustachian tube (in ear) to equalize pressure and relieve fluid build-up* Respiratory Structures and Organs Larynx – (voice box) connects the pharynx and the trachea; made of cartilage; contains vocal cords nasal cavity pharynx larynx Epiglottis – flap of tissue that covers trachea; ensures food travels down the esophagus* Name 4 respiratory infections/diseases. Central Idea Respiratory Structures and Organs Trachea – (windpipe) tubular passage way for air; carries air to the lungs, C-shaped cartilage rings, divides at end Bronchi – pair of tubes that branch from trachea and enter lungs; lining is ciliated (little hairs) & secretes mucus* larynx trache a bronchi bronchi oles Respiratory Structures and Organs Bronchioles – tiny tubes lacking cartilage and cilia; possess smooth muscle* bronchiole smooth muscle Respiratory Structures and Organs Alveoli – cup shaped structures at the end of the bronchioles that resemble bunches of grapes; are in direct contact with capillaries (gas exchange)*  Lungs – paired, cone-shaped organs that are surrounded by a pleural membrane, made of elastic tissue, and divided into lobes*  Respiratory System Disorders Asthma – muscles of bronchioles constrict, drastically reducing ventilation Emphysema – destruction of alveoli Tuberculosis – highly contagious bacterial infection Lung cancer – 90% of lung cancer victims have a history of smoking