History Exam Prep PDF by Sofia

History Exam Prep By:Sofia I know Don’t knowkinda know ​ Part A: Define and state why it's important to Canadian history. 1.​ Industrial Revolution Was a big change in how goods were produced and how people were employed. This affe...

History Exam Prep By:Sofia I know Don’t knowkinda know ​ Part A: Define and state why it's important to Canadian history. 1.​ Industrial Revolution Was a big change in how goods were produced and how people were employed. This affected Canadian history because it led to growth of industries, many expanded. This created a demand for laborers. The Industrial Revolution made Canada more urban, industrial, and connected, but it also brought challenges like labor disputes and the negative effects on Indigenous peoples. 2.​ Klondike Gold Rush Was an event where people rushed to find gold in the Yukon after it was discovered in 1896. This affected Canadian History because the Klondike Gold Rush helped expand Canada, boosted the economy, and shaped how people saw the country, but it also had negative effects on Indigenous peoples. 3.​ The Canadian Proposal The 1867 Canadian Confederation proposal refers to the creation of the Dominion of Canada, which united several British colonies in North America into one nation. This affected Canadian history because it united colonies. 4.​ Quebec Resolution Was a bunch of statements written at the Quebec conference laying the framework for the Canadian Constitution. This was like the first building blocks of Canada’s Constitution. This affected Canadian History because it formed the Canadian Constitution which was the set of laws of how the country should operate. It also included Aboriginal and treaty rights. 5.​ BNA Act 1867  The BNA act is the original constitution of Canada. It was important because it united the three separate territories of Canada, PEI, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick into a single dominion called Canada. 6.​ Section 91 and 92 These sections of the constitutional act gives Parliament exclusive jurisdiction over marriage and divorce, and section 92 grants the provincial legislatures. 7.​ Coalition Government Are created when different political parties cooperate by forming a temporary alliance large enough to enjoy the confidence of Parliament, allowing them to form a government. This affected Canadian History because Coalition hoped to create a union that included the Atlantic to create a federal system in canada 8.​ Minority Government A minority government is formed when no political party has a majority of seats in the House of Commons. 9.​ The Canadian Pacific Railway Is a transcontinental railway in Canada and the United States with direct links to major ports on the west and east coasts. CPR provides North American customers a competitive rail service with access to key markets in every corner of the globe.This affected Canadian history because it played a big role in the development of the nation. 10.​The Four Parties of the Canadian Government The four parties were the Rouge with Antione Aime, Bleu with George Etienne Cartier, Conservative with John A. Macdonald , and Reform with George Brown 11.​The North West Mounted Police  Is a force that was created by an act of Canadian parliament in May 1873. The goal was to establish law and order in the West. This was important to create peace and settle conflicts and acts of violence. 12.​Numbered Treaties The Numbered Treaties are a series of 11 treaties. A treaty is an agreement between two or more nations. The Numbered Treaties were signed by the Canadian government and Indigenous people. All 11 treaties were signed between 1871 and 1921. This affected Canadian history because it opened the West for settlement, secured a connection between British Columbia and Central Canada, and the Numbered Treaties were used to assimilate Indigenous peoples into Canadian society. The government wanted Indigenous peoples to adopt the values and behaviors of white settlers. 13.​National Policy Was a central economic and political strategy of the Conservative Party under Prime Minister John A. Macdonald, and many of his successors in high office. It meant that from 1878 until the Second World War, Canada imposed high tariffs on foreign imported goods, to shield Canadian manufacturers from American competition. This affected Canadian history because it caused infrastructure, tariffs, and population growth. It created a wall over which products might not pass, but through which capital investment moved as though a barrier were not there. 14.​The Indian Act The Indian Act regulates and administers the lives of registered Indians and reserve communities. This act extinguished the recognition of Indigenous self-government structures. This affected Canada because it resulted in long term poverty, marginalization and violence. 15.​Homesteading Was the distribution of public land to settlers who would develop and cultivate it for their use. This affected Canadian history: Accessible transportation, free homesteads, safety, and work in Canada contributed to this immigration boom, as well as overpopulation, underemployment, discrimination, and environmental conditions in the immigrants' home countries. This time of population growth later shaped Canada's society, economy, and culture. 16.​Head tax A fee that Chinese immigrants had to pay so they could come into Canada this was important to Canadian history because it stopped immigrants from entering Canada. Only those who could pay entered. 17.​ Komagata Maru In May 1914, the Komagata Maru reached Vancouver carrying 376 prospective Punjabi immigrants in contravention of racially restrictive Canadian immigration law that included the “continuous journey regulation.” Its arrival provoked a strong anti-Asian backlash. This affected Canadian history because it challenged Canada’s racist and exclusionary immigration policies 18.​The immigration Act of 1910 expanded the list of prohibited immigrants and gave the government greater discretionary authority concerning the admissibility and deportation of immigrants. This affected Canadian history because it drastically reduced immigration and shifting origins back to Northern and Western Europe. 19.​Red River Resistance The Métis formed a provisional government and negotiated Manitoba's entry into Confederation. This affected Canadian history because it led to the creation of the province of Manitoba, and the emergence of Métis leader Louis Riel. 20.​Unions  labour groups that tried to protest to provide better wages and working conditions. This affected Canadian history because it improved the workers' life at work. Part B: Detail the role and importance of each person or place especially to Canadian History. 1.​ John A. Macdonald Was the first prime minister of Canada and one of the architects of Confederation. He affected Canadian history because he helped the confederation party dominate Canada's politics for almost fifty years. 2.​ George- Etienne Cartier co-premier of the Province of Canada, lawyer, railway promoter, politician and prime minister of Canada. He affected Canadian history because he brought French Canada, Manitoba and British Columbia into the Dominion. 3.​ George Brown was a Canadian journalist, politician and one of the Fathers of Confederation. He attended the Charlottetown Conference. He affected Canadian history because he and his reform party helped the political deadlock in the province of Canada. He wanted representation by population so everyone would get to vote. 4.​ Antoine-Aime Dorion Was a lawyer, politician, judge. He believed the province would have no power in Confederation. He was important because he argued that Confederation would endanger the language, culture and institutions of French Canadians and Quebec almost didn’t join because of him. 5.​ Fathers of Confederation A group of British North American men that believed they should move beyond their colonial status. They affected Canadian history because they represented  the British North American colonies at one or more of the conferences that led to Confederation and the creation of the Dominion of Canada. 6.​ Louis Riel Was Métis leader, founder of Manitoba, central figure in the Red River and North-West resistance. He was important to Canadian history because he led 2 movements against the Canadian government in defense of the Metis. 7.​ Hugh Allan Was a factory owner and shipbuilder, he became a major railway promotor with many ties to government leaders. He affected Canadian history because he bribed John A. Macdonald so he could get a contract to build the Canadian Pacific Railway. 8.​ Alexander Mackenzie Was a fur trader, explorer, and leader of the liberal party. He won the election and continued the nation-building programme that had been begun by his predecessor. 9.​ Red River was a key trade route for the company, and contributed to the settlement of British North America. The river was long used by fur traders, including the French and the Métis people, who established a community in this area some time before the British defeated France in the Seven Years' War. It was important to Canadian history because it helped shape the history, culture, and economic development of Western Canada. 10.​Joseph Howe Joseph Howe, journalist, publisher, politician, premier of Nova Scotia, lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia. He was well-known as a defender of freedom of the press and freedom of speech. He was a prominent figure in the movement opposed to Confederation. He affected Canadian history because as a federal  Cabinet minister, he played an important role in securing Manitoba’s entry to Confederation. 11.​Thomas Scott Thomas Scott was an Irish Protestant who emigrated to Canada in 1863. While working as a labourer on the "Dawson Road Project", he moved on to Winnipeg where he met John Christian Schultz and fell under the influence of the Canadian Party. He affected Canadian history because his death split Canadian politics, leading to the end of the federal Conservatives in Quebec and in francophone communities until the 1950s 12.​George Brown was a Canadian journalist, politician and one of the Fathers of Confederation. He attended the Charlottetown Conference. He affected Canadian history because he and his reform party helped the political deadlock in the province of Canada. He wanted representation by population so everyone would get to vote. 13.​Clifford Sifton He helped and was responsible for bringing and populating Western Canada and he did this by advertising free land to anyone who would work. This affected Canadian history because he enticed people to come to western Canada. Was a Canadian journalist, politician and one of the Fathers of Confederation. He attended the Charlottetown Conference. He affected Canadian history because he and his reform party helped the political deadlock in the province of Canada. He wanted representation by population so everyone would get to vote. 14.​Bonanza Creek Water in the Yukon where gold was found by George Washington Carmack on Aug. 17, 1896, setting off the gold rush of that year into the Klondike Valley. The  creek, formerly called Rabbit Creek, was renamed Bonanza Creek to mark Carmack's strike. This affected Canadian history because it resulted in population growth due to the gold in it. ( Gold rush) 15.​Entrepreneurs a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so. 16.​Members of Parliament is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. Members of parliament typically form parliamentary groups, sometimes called caucuses, with members of the same political party. 17.​ Temperance Society began in the early 19th century with the goal of limiting or even banning consumption of alcoholic beverages. Temperance was a reform movement largely inspired by the religious revival that swept across the country. This affected Canadian history because it gave local governments the right to hold votes to ban the sale of alcohol. 18.​Suffragette Society was a group of activist women's organizations in the early 20th century who fought for the right to vote in public elections in the United Kingdom. Part C: Answer the following questions. You may use point form in your answer. 1.​ How was Britain an external cause for confederation? Britain wanted to become less involved in the government of their colonies, because it was very time-consuming and expensive.It was time for their colony to be more independent. 2.​ How was the United States an external cause for confederation?  The United States were an external cause for confederation because they were very rich, powerful, and always looking for new land. The U.S. wanted to take over the lands of Canada, and they were trying to convince the people of Canada that this would be a good idea. 3.​ Why was there a political deadlock in Canada? There was a political deadlock in Canada because the government couldn’t agree on any issue. There always seemed to be more people who opposed the government's proposals than those who were in favour of them 4.​ How did the Conferences (Charlottetown and Quebec) help create Canada? The Charlottetown Conference helped create Canada because this conference helped delegates from Prince Edward Island, the Province of Canada (Ontario and Quebec), Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick build relationships and agree in principle to a federal union of the colonies. 5.​ Why did many colonies (such as PEI, Nova Scotia, Canada West) not want to join together (in confederation)? They did not want to join because Nova Scotia was worried about being under- represented in an elected assembly, PEI was wishing to retain their self governance and avoid being merged with neighboring provinces, and Canada West didn’t want to pay high taxes. 6.​ Why was there a scandal around the building of the CPR? There was a scandal about Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald and senior members of his Conservative cabinet who were accused of accepting election funds from shipping magnate Sir Hugh Allan in exchange for the contract to build the Canadian Pacific Railway. The affair forced Macdonald to resign as prime minister in November 1873. 7.​ Why were there a lot of immigrants coming to Canada during the end of the 1800s?  The immigrants came for the accessible transportation, free homesteads, safety, and work in Canada. 8.​ Who came to Canada? Why did they come? Many immigrants mostly from Europe came because of the posters they saw talking about accessible transportation, free homesteads, safety, and work in Canada contributed to this immigration boom, as well as overpopulation, underemployment, discrimination, and environmental conditions in the immigrants' home countries. This period of population growth later shaped Canada's society, economy, and culture. 9.​ How did the Gold Rush affect First Nations groups? The gold rushes opened large territories to permanent resource exploitation and settlement by White people. They also resulted in the displacement and marginalization of many of the Indigenous communities in the region 10.​What were conditions like for workers in the new factories during the 1850s to 1910s? The conditions were very bad and even dangerous. The workers were often cruelly exploited. For any worker, job security and assistance in the event of illness, injury or death were almost non-existent. During the 19th and early 20th centuries most Canadian children, formerly economic assets, became economic liabilities. 11.​Why were bicycles so controversial in the late 1800s? They were so controversial because it was seen as a significant cause of morality. There were many accidents and issues with the bicycle. 12.​Why were there so many accidents during the 1870s to 1910s? There were so many accidents because of poor work conditions, incorrect structural designs, faulty material, and many fires. 13.​Why did Canada put immigration policies especially around East Asian workers?  Canada did this to target the East Asian workers because of racial and economic concerns. Many Chinese workers were brought to fill the labor shortages. But when the railway was completed the Canadians were afraid because the Chinese were taking jobs and lowering the wages. This led to the Chinese immigration policy and head tax. 14.​How did Canada join together in Confederation? In 1867, the British colonies of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and the Province of Canada joined to form the Dominion of Canada. Colonial leaders met at a series of conferences to discuss the future of the nation but left their Indigenous counterparts out of the negotiations 15.​What is the most important change in Canada’s history (opinion question)? Explain your answer. In my opinion Canada joining together in Confederation was the most important change in Canadian history because it refers to the process of federal union in which the British North American colonies of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and the Province of Canada joined together to form the Dominion of Canada. 16.​How were the First Nations/Metis affected by the changes of Canada’s history? The First Nations and Metis were affected by many things in Canadian history especially during the confederation, Rupert's land, Red River Resistance, BNA act, NWPM, building of the CPR, Klondike Gold Rush, and the Indian Act. These events affected them in many ways, some include kicking them out of the land, killing them, taking away privileges, loss of status, and taking away their belongings. They always had rules and decisions that affected them. This was very unfair for them. Christian perspective The 1800s was a time of big changes. For example the Confederation, Indian act, Klondike gold rush and more. Not everyone knew God but still Christians played a part in shaping those events. They fought for justice, spread the Gospel, and dealt with tough issues like the treatment of Indigenous peoples. Many Christians were guided by faith to try to make the world a better place. They faced challenges, but also worked to live Jesus’ teachings in our changing world.