Philippine History and Culture PDF

Philippine History and Culture “Pre-Spanish Period” Houses -Called bahay kubo made of wood, bamboo, and nipa palm. -some Filipinos, such as Kalingas, Mandayas and Bagobos built their houses on treetops. -others, such as Badjaos, built their houses on boats. Mode of Dressing/Clot...

Philippine History and Culture “Pre-Spanish Period” Houses -Called bahay kubo made of wood, bamboo, and nipa palm. -some Filipinos, such as Kalingas, Mandayas and Bagobos built their houses on treetops. -others, such as Badjaos, built their houses on boats. Mode of Dressing/Clothing Male -Kanggan (sleeveless jacket)(red-chief & black/blue-commoners) -Bahag (loincloth) -Putong(turban of social status/achievements of who wearing it) Female -Baro/Camisa (jacket with sleeves) -saya/patadyong (a long skirt) -tapis (a piece of red or white cloth on top of their skirt) Government - Lead by the Chieftain called “Datu”. - Barangay was termed “Balangay” from Malay, meaning “a boat”. - Datu rule is to lead or served during war, voyages, planting and harvesting, and when the house is need to be built or repaired and also pay “buwis”. Sanduguan or Blood Compact - Friendship - Alliance - Agreement JUDICIAL PROCESS - TRIAL BY ORDEAL RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AND PRACTICES Natives worshipped: Bathala - supreme being Idiyanale - God of Agriculture Sidapa - God of Death Agni - God of Fire Balangaw - God of Rainbow Lalahon - God Harvest Siginarugan - God of Hell SUPERSTITIOUS BELIEFS Natives believed in; Aswang - witch Dwende - tiny creatures like human Kapre - tall and apelike creatures smoking cigarettes, usually found on trees. Mangkukulam - an old lady capable of harming others using pin and a doll. Tikbalang - half man and half horse creature. Tiyanak - a baby that sucks blood on human.  SPANISH COLONIZATION (1521 - 1898) Lapu-lapu was a ruler of mactan who is known as the first native of the archipelago to have resisted the Spanish Colonization. On April 27, 1521, Lapu-Lapu, together with the men of Mactan, fought Magellan and the change he wanted to bring with the Spanish flag. Under the leadership of Lapu-Lapu, Magellan and his men were successfully defeated. Today, Lapu-Lapu is regarded as the first national hero of the Philippines.  After King Philip II (for whom the islands are named) had dispatched three further expeditions that ended in disaster, he sent out Miguel López de Legazpi, who established the first permanent Spanish settlement, in Cebu, in 1565. The Spanish city of Manila was founded in 1571, and by the end of the 16th century most of the coastal and lowland areas from Luzon to northern Mindanao were under Spanish control. Friars marched with soldiers and soon accomplished the nominal conversion to Roman Catholicism of all the local people under Spanish administration. 3 reasons of Spanish Colonization: (3G’s) 1. God 2. Gold 3. Glory  Spanish influence is evident today in are: ❏ Law (cedula) ❏ Religion (Christianism) ❏ Education (Religion-oriented) ❏ Language (Tagalog-bisaya) ❏ Family Names (legazpi and etc.) ❏ Architecture (churches) San Agustin Church ❏ Arts (religious icon) ❏ Music (harana & Kundiman - courtship) ❏ Cuisine (foods include avocado, coffee, papaya, guava, corn, squash, sausage, and pickles) ❏ Customs (greet each other and say goodbye with a kiss on each cheek, drinking coffee, festival, and etc) All those evidence are have been adopted and blended into the present-day Philippine culture.