Speech Writing Principles PDF

# Principles of Speech Writing Here are some points to be mindful of when writing or preparing for a speech: ## Clarity - It is the characteristic of a written composition (e.g., a speech) that has identified purpose, goal, and detailed description of what you wanted to talk about. ## Logical Or...

# Principles of Speech Writing Here are some points to be mindful of when writing or preparing for a speech: ## Clarity - It is the characteristic of a written composition (e.g., a speech) that has identified purpose, goal, and detailed description of what you wanted to talk about. ## Logical Organization of Ideas - The composition follows this format: Introduction - description and statement of goal; body - detailed information needed to make the audience understand your perspective, and conclusion - the wrap up of the composition, which could be a question to leave to the audience to ponder. ## Appropriateness of Word Choice - The right choice of words is according to the audience you are going to address. Consider the audience's age bracket, profession, interests, and culture. ## Accuracy in Spelling, Capitalization, Punctuation, and Grammar - If unsure, consult the dictionary and the internet for the correct spelling and rules of capitalization and punctuations. ## Other Recommendations to Improve the Composition - **Relatable** - in speech, the audience remembers and appreciates a talk if they can relate to its message ## Restriction - A strategy that contains or restricts the response of the other person involved in the communication situation. ## Turn-Taking - An essential aspect of effective communication. - Active listening - Wait for your turn - Take turns appropriately - Use visual cues and structured. ## Topic Control - Maintains focus on a single topic throughout a conversation without unnecessary interruptions or shifts, ensuring the discussion makes sense. ## Others ### Topic Shift - Manage to subtly change the discussion topic to another, without explicitly announcing the change. ### Repair - Techniques used to address and rectify misunderstandings ensuring clarity and effective information exchange. ### Termination - End an interaction through verbal and non-verbal messages between speaker and listener. ## John Langshaw "J.L." Austin - John Langshaw "J.L." Austin (March 26, 1911 - February 8, 1960) was a British philosopher of language. He is remembered primarily as the developer of the theory of speech acts. ## Types of Speech Styles ### Intimate - Used among intimate family members, lovers, or close friends who do not need complete language with a clear articulation. ### Casual - Most common speech style used among friends and coworkers. Includes slang, frequent interruptions. ### Consultative - Best used for business and professional relationships. This speech style works in negotiating with strangers or colleagues at work. ### Formal - Characterized by sharing information using established professional rules, standard English, processes, and procedures. This style avoids slang terminology. ### Frozen - Most formal speech style usually used in formal contexts such as speech for state ceremonies, court proceedings, religious rituals like wedding vows. Described as a language that never changes. ## Delivery Techniques - Language form - Duration of interaction - length of time that two or more people engage in communication or social exchanges. - Relationships of the speaker and social exchange. - Message - Delivery ## Types of Communicative Strategies ### Nomination - Refers to the speaker carrying action out an action to collaboratively and productively establish a topic by presenting it clearly, truthfully, and saying only what is relevant. ## Speech Act - In linguistics and the philosophy of language. It is an utterance that has a performative function in language and communication. ### Locution: (Utterance) - The mere utterance of a string of words with a certain meaning. ### Illocution: (Intention) - It is the act of speaking to interact with the receiver. ### Perlocution: (Response) - The act of uttering words to affect the behavior or manner of the receiver. It is also the act of trying to bring about a certain change in the addressee.