DEN5018 MMLS Listening & Speaking Notes PDF

DEN5018 LISTENING & SPEAKING NOTES LISTENING & SPEAKING How to Become a Better Listener Take listening seriously Resist distractions Focus your listening Develop note-taking skills Suspend judgment Active Listening: Giving undiv...

DEN5018 LISTENING & SPEAKING NOTES LISTENING & SPEAKING How to Become a Better Listener Take listening seriously Resist distractions Focus your listening Develop note-taking skills Suspend judgment Active Listening: Giving undivided attention in a genuine effort to understand the speaker(s)’ point of view. Focus Your Listening Listen for main ideas Listen for specific information Listen for critically LISTENING SKILLS DETAILS 1. Listening for main ideas - the main points of the passage or text 2. Listening for specific information - focus and pay attention to particular words/phrases - listen for specific information 3. Note-taking - jot down the relevant information - leave out the irrelevant details 4. Summarising - shorten the information that you hear - get the gist/general idea of the text - leave out examples 5. Paraphrasing - state the information by using your own words - use simple words 6. Inferencing/drawing conclusions - making a conclusion/opinion based on the facts given - to deduce what has been said by the speaker - the information is not given directly - focus on the tone/stress/intonation/words spoken by the speaker 7. Predicting outcomes - to forecast/expect what is going to happen next - the ability to anticipate helps you to understand the information better 1|Page DEN5018 LISTENING & SPEAKING NOTES 8. Identifying roles and attitudes - to interpret the attitude and intention of the speaker - to guess the connection between speakers 9. Listening critically - to interpret and evaluate what they have heard - to recognise the facts of what has been said SPEAKING Everyone speaks. Speaking takes place everywhere and has become a part of our daily activities. It is an activity used by people to communicate with others. When one speaks, he or she interacts and uses the language to express his or her ideas, feelings and thoughts. He or she also shares information with others through communication. To become a fluent English speaker, you must study and master reading, listening, and speaking. Then it will enable students to participate in social and academic contexts such as in conversations, discussion and presentations. The following communication skills are emphasized: 1. Accuracy Using grammatically correct language Using correct pronunciation, stress and intonation 2. Fluency Speaking with confidence and fluency 3. Appropriacy Using language appropriate for the intended purpose and audience Using varied vocabulary and expressions Using varied sentence structures 4. Coherence and cohesion Developing and organizing ideas Using appropriate markers and linking devices Using anaphora appropriately together with other cohesive devices 5. Use of language Defining, describing, explaining Comparing and contrasting Classifying Giving reasons Giving opinions Expressing relationships Making agreement and recommendations Expressing agreement and disagreement 2|Page DEN5018 LISTENING & SPEAKING NOTES Seeking clarification Asking and giving information Persuading Drawing conclusions Stating and justifying points of view Presenting an argument 6. Managing a discussion Initiating Turn-taking Interrupting Prompting Negotiating Closing 7. Task fulfillment Presenting relevant ideas Providing adequate content Showing a mature treatment of topic 3|Page