MGMT2006 Management Information Systems I Lecture Slides PDF

MGMT2006 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS I Dr. Glenda Gay Introduction to MIS 1...

MGMT2006 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS I Dr. Glenda Gay Introduction to MIS 1 Lecture 1 PURPOSE OF MIS Personnel  Managers use management information systems Sales to gather and analyze information about various aspects of the Inventory, organization, such as: Production 2 or other applicable factors. MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 1  MIS?  Management Information Systems (MIS) are methods of using technology to help organizations better manage people and make decisions.  Organizations? E.gs.  Hospital Information System  University Information System 3 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS SO! An Information System (IS) in a business is the central component that integrates accounting, marketing, administration and other functional units/systems. 4 MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 2   In order to provide information that enables the making of informed decisions, information systems comprise:  data,  procedures,  people and  technology.  Let us now look at these individually. 5 INFORMATION SYSTEMS = Data, procedures, people and technology 6 MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 3  INFORMATION SYSTEMS People Data Procedures Technology 7 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS  Management is defined as: “the process of getting activities completed efficiently and effectively with and through other people” and that its primary functions are:  Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing (Leading), Coordinating, Reporting, Budgeting (Gulick and Urwick 1937: Papers on the Science of Administration) 8 MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 4  CLASSIC MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS  Planning – devising plans for the organization and setting goals to achieve the plan  Organizing – deciding how to use the organization’s resources  Staffing – hiring and training workers  Directing – guiding employees to perform their work in a way that supports the organization’s goals  Controlling – monitoring the organization’s progress toward reaching its goals 9 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS  Datathat is put into a meaningful format that is useful to the decision maker It may be: Text Numeric An Image Audiovisual 10 MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 5  QUALITIES OF GOOD INFORMATION  RELEVANT  COMPLETE  ACCURATE (dates, interpretation of numbers and characters)  CLEAR  RELIABLE (Should inspire confidence in its use)  CONCISE  TIMELY 11 SOURCES OF DATA / INFORMATION  INTERNAL  Measured Output  Formal Communication  Informal Communication i.e. the Grapevine  EXTERNAL  Regulatory Bodies  Research & Development  Communications Media 12 MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 6  LIKELY FLOWS OF INFORMATION IN AN ORGANIZATION 13 TRACKING DATA AND INFORMATION FOR DIFFERENT PURPOSES Marketing Accounting IS Others Administration Manufacturing and 14 Production MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 7  MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS A set of interrelated components that  collect,  process,  store, and  distribute information to support decision making, coordination, and control in 15 an organisation. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS Information Systems can be 1. Informal: Unstructured, Unpredictable,  E.g. Corridor conversations, Casual encounters 2. Formal: Structured, Organized. Manual (Paper based)  Index cards  Exercise books  Paper ledgers 16 Computer based  Rely on computer hardware and software MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 8  MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS …more than just a set of computer equipment, an Staff at different levels, I.S. involves: Skills Various Business Organization Functions Standard Operating Procedures Senior Managers Management Middle Managers Knowledge Workers Operational Managers Technology Hardware, 17 Software, Communications IS = DATA, PEOPLE, PROCEDURES, IT Networks connect people to data and other people Makes information more readily available Allows managers to supervise more people 18 MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 9  IS = DATA, PEOPLE, PROCEDURES, IT Technology Overload  Users can become overwhelmed with the amount of information available as well as new hardware and software tools on the market 20 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS def: Management Information System (MIS) can (therefore) be defined as:  “A system to convert data from internal and/or external sources into information and to communicate that information, in an appropriate form, to managers at all levels in all functions (to enable them to make timely, effective decisions for planning, organising, leading, controlling and ) for which they are staffing the activities responsible” 21 (Lucey, Management Information Systems) MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 10  INFORMATION SYSTEM (IS) ACTIVITIES Input:  The capture or collection of raw data from within the organization or from its external environment  Customer Name,  Address, Phone,  Item Code,  Price  Quantity, 22  Delivery date INFORMATION SYSTEM (IS) ACTIVITIES Processing The conversion, manipulation, and analysis of raw input into a form that is more meaningful to persons:  Total price  Tax  Discount  Delivery Charge  Delivery time 23 MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 11  INFORMATION SYSTEM (IS) ACTIVITIES Output  The distribution of processed information to the people who will use it or to the activities for which it will be used:  Invoice  Packing Slip  Delivery Docket  Receipt 24 INFORMATION SYSTEM (IS) ACTIVITIES Feedback:  Output that is returned to the appropriate members of the organization to help them evaluate or correct input  Update Inventory  Update stock requirements 25 MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 12  LET’S LOOK AT A SCENARIO! 26  Where did you get your mobile device from?  Why did you decide to go to that particular location to purchase it?  Was it out of stock? 28 MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 13   Suppose you are part- owner of the supermarket, which has been offering a variety of items for a number of years.  At an executive meeting, it was decided to reduce the number of items offered to customers and discontinue supplying specific ones. 31 What information do you think the supermarket executive needs, to make a decision to discontinue supplying these specific items? What are some of the ways in which the supermarket executive can make customers aware that specific items are no longer available? 32 MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 14  CERTAINLY, THERE ARE A NUMBER OF FACTORS THAT MAY DETERMINE WHY THE SUPERMARKET WOULD STOP SUPPLYING ITS CUSTOMERS. For example:  there could be a drop in demand for the products, (not enough sales generated to warrant their continued purchase)  the cost of purchasing them could have drastically increased, making it prohibitive for the supermarket to continue offering it to customers. Therefore, internal and/or external factors beyond the control of the supermarket executive can determine whether to continue to place certain products on the 33 shelf. The decision to discontinue some products may be based on data provided by:  the accounts department, marketing department, and/or other departments in the organization.  Infact, external reports on the economy of the country including taxes and duties may also be necessary in making the final decision.  Thedata provided by the different departments in the organization ensures that an informed decision is made 34 MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 15  THANK YOU! Email: [email protected] 39 MGMT2006 - Lecture 1 16