Manufacturing Processes Notes PDF

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Want is be muchone Addit --- Or 3D Tes manufact : * * ① Additive manufacturing ② Metal & Reformation ↳ Forging Bride or sheet metal bein Diucresmith -stay in this ⑫resim r mar ③ casting excares of pumer mummiesstreet) , ↓ Liquify metal door in curity of desired shape ① subtractive milling (cutting) when in ↳ drilling a design this ↳ Cylindrial +umins (Lufe) point ⑧ powder Meturgy 1 * use see 3 Powder(fines of metal , put in curt app hydrostatic presstment - cruses diffusion enterise · face Modification : E Don't want secting to ① painting happen dia chages dimension ⑨ snot cleaninge dombard Sur treduces strength. wit steel balls of mut. ↳ an repair micro tens · metals & crystalline structures ↳ BCLe Body centered sirs · perties Modification 3 + Face Gability centered dissolve iron cubing ① Quenching e Hardens · Thermal neck Processing. of materials.  # 4 24 = Manufacturing processes ↑ - S rocessing operations remois S M Goins & · metal # Bulddeform Surface a operations ↑ processing Deformationenter - Kerning - thermo-mechanical processing) - Coutin operations - Welding > - casting - - painting anodizing isSe6 on din electroplating > - subtractive (cutting) - - carburization > - Additive munufacturing - ↳ twin feel a put incurbon envirriment > - powder metallurgy ↓ next to hish Temps · Aneeling : the mut Neverts bace to its original states If"heuls".. > -  Deformation Processes 14-2a i 1 : Tired Point I Stress A - 0 e 1 Elastic regime struin : : L 3)deform. revents load if removed ( - & e 3 : Plastic resime P : louch ↳ Clefurm is Permanent(. Au : initialx-sect 2 : necring point Aren ↳ max , oud L : initial length ↳ Ult Tensile strength. - * L : current length 3 : fructure after load Loud * L : Sarge length & ↑ NOT entire sample - Deflection cru t enomenon : * stic Recovery When : mut, is past plastic deform : I loud is removed. Material reverts slightly , out not fully. what we 3 ① Total Strain ② elastic strain (recovered after unloading learned Plastic ③ strain (perma strain remains after unloading) -  1922 & Deformation Processes cont - resineI ne · E * : -= 5 : engineering - ei - ↓ E e Elastic modules (youngs modulus engineering Strain 2 stres ope & Al ↓ = To e= I 3 · (0 stress : · stresses' struing thatI more accurat & deformation processess · (2) estrain : Length of that mum at B ↑ area o that mument E experiments & strength coefficient -where M n are material rain hardening exponent , # Properties measured through b Hurdening that comes from otrain on the mat. nins train harden is  Recap ↳+ 24 4 - - - g00 is prolm In manufacturing or there's o Drea · nothing that is goo to cut it # ⑳ wab ; what Blues th is meln - · annealed This euling: or : material is in its effect condition. · Heated hish i love the recrbstullization Temp ) 2 a. period of time courings in order : restore the original - ↓ long structure 64 deformation Annealing leads to the lowering of. the strength - ↑ crestorations of the ductility mir revent the grains Line it forgot * Recovery for metal : Does or actual stecture of metal B it was deformed Espape remains , but microstructure is what reverts (molecular) · metches are typically multi-crystalline Materian I , - In the as-annealed condition they are , equiaxed crystals (brains) · wit no resident stres. Gaisomere -feel hardening : involves heating to h a ibt (7230 to induce those transfo from BCO to Ec mit cell) followed by aveneuing in a cool medium - realis hism + The way the utimo & abic 3& ↳ F12 facel entered distributed - ↳ allows um for mor curoun 2 coure up & * dissolve BCL Body centered cre e & : stringer. Are him 2explain mutohispicus unen wearer. Net coated No Filt Bison mut. 8-16-24A -  #-24 & Recap - - · Mech. Benavir · 5 : engineering stress T -= P : couch Ao : orig XSelt.. Area e : en bindering strin e : to LO tozoris gaye length , driving of the semple Licurrent length strength defurmutich O. 8 Yield point enotic regime E 0 -1 : Hoore's Law : N = Ee A eu want Esmodulus of elasticity to be in manufacturing (young is Moduirs) b 1-2 uniform plastic deformation regime 2 : Nesting point & the maximum load that a sample can tance 2; uts , ul. tensile strength -  -24 & ecup - In plastic · deformation region , the stress-struin relation ship is represented by rev ↳ M. 1 : material Properties from · 5 , thue I stress? diff. sti not wins his. A using the Are #L : current section Area - current 1 ength (o) = E · , True struin In deformation ding : Loud /4 Length of sumply ! 1"eS : is the unlouding path. It is a struist line wit Mope E Ci. e. It is parallel to the plastic line of 1) & e2Worr (struin-hardening ? ↳ the in yield strength of the - material that exhiots ware Material due to plastic deformation hurdening at temperatures below the recrystalization - opposed to temp (i.. e. Cold working) * En & A material that does not at histrain-hardening or worre-hurdening  to 146-24 Deformation - · op - point-Bending enteres Cremaininga deformation Tureins conditions · where L v are areas conditions wit respect to the revystallisat - Tempo Loure a a not fursing & is upe of cuid wore. m us Hot working. · cold working working defurmins , strainings the material out a temperature less than recrystallization temp Where it-. diffusion of a tumo is suppressed e Transa.To ↳ Ima meiting point Cre * · enefits : ↳ material gets stringer 3(r = ° + 27y) ↳ better control over dimensional geometrical tolerances ↳ better surface finion accutra microstructure ac worming. Of not o vantages · ductility ↳ Larger forces , larger equipment >  very imp 2 renu-24 Deformation. & Plastic Unisotropy · an isotropy in an otherwise isotropic material , induced by plastic deformation of the material. in and direction · Name mechanical properties taps : EX : # · anisotropy : diff. Mechanical properties in diff. directions - grains flu + 21 ↳-eatmata coll warring & mure mut. due Not is to tropic to plastic def 67 rolling (if the deforma is Swirwinerys+u) done lad)  10 20 = ⑪ ↑ war E Struin hurdening exponent En : true of necking (also the limit on possible deformation before the material reachesnelming a failure Site soon afters · true : @ nectins = strain hurdening exponent ·↳300 2 0. p. · A material nus plastic benuvior which cln be described as a = 100 , 000 go pri. limit ① what is on a the material can be subjected to · Limiting 2=true train & necking , In =1 ↳ansur > - ultamate tensile strength ② Determine the this in. = & : -* we want maximum, pr, vis & 8= 100 , 000 G use maximum & duts = 100 , 000 x 10. -opsi epman - tre ult + E A -. strength OmaX - & to ③ Find engineering UTS B - ① find neint. Out Ad So d sound is lower E+ = en to 710 : Ox A A 70 ,. bic usess oris Aral. A A 0mux * Street In to A = - 10 , 718 ⑳vari · ut in plantic defo, Ans wr : 42450  Missed Nutes : ↳ 3-2s Hurt En · True- & necting is to strin hardening exponent. * a is the limit. struin that the material ① What is the limit or can be oid; to ↳ limiting t : true + & necting , E = 1 the utamate tensile strength ② determine true u engineering one E G : 100 , 000 Pri · e the uts = Guts = 100 , 000 C. S) Pri = x ↳ ③ find the engineering uts (i. e. ) And Find the relationship but A und to. Eine = left in the valume partic deformation is constant -In 10 A · constant volumet toloaderi =A -  i & Lazz E · = 100 , 000 ↳ what is mux and Pei true uto ↑ Enece En o My v = : = 1 · Nuts : 100 1 000. 5) e u necring unopsi - · Engineering streus ~Juts : ri · to find Suis , we need rent but At Ao on the fact that volume is constant during plastic deforms ↳ This relate will B bared · vome inconst :- 3 But we know that the E & uit Point is En E ent m to = 1 =. , = en en == ~ =) EOro ~ Num · I - - vis =. 606x70. 710 :pri so - -  127-25 E · S-enga stress · C-eng. struin Strain 5 - The stres E-true F · ↳starting out a rod of 3 5 in diamo. , its rese to manufacturin wire of diam. 2. 8 in + of length 1000 in. in in = 3 / -D 1 000 2016. 00 I I A forming no wate in mut.I what should is the length of the starting stoot ? dre chut. ~ ↳ to lo : A l & es(lu) = 011000 Coin If the · materials pintic behavior is givenes G : 100 esi & room temp , can the process be done in one - step-yes ↓ true t of the material can Bobjected to engineers is elect to 3 Mex , 125 Enux = Entos E involved in the stretch of the material for $3 5 to. $2. 0 in = en() = c , - the process can be dune in one step. > E 127-28 are fur clarificat in & · In another cure , t = 06 > · since t = 62 5 , then. got stretching step will Blimited to 0. 5 8 it 0 5. : In As = A D & end of Step A Step Do stretch only down to corresponding Do to t = 0 : I Do ed resulting intermediate purdut ② Anneal the ③ continue the stretch while checking that the induced tis o. 5. What is peur fore needed to perform this step (3 50 · the. + 2. 80). Gelout" si Peux - = 100(gijE = Paux : 67 erie ? At[( 02]. · T > - puisment Ferrous Alloys -ceramics - a Fe-based allos e semiconductio Fe-crown metals f alloys e steel = > - G - >  127-z & Allobs Ferrous ↳ significant bre oftheir I b - M -I versatility · usedI manufacto to u as Dies , mods O's min - Used in n large , Commen of Products - ixtures,... etC Alloys hous - - Fel (2012. 1 % 0) iron (Cr > 2 1 , %0 - 2 Alloy ↳ mutes the alloy brittle Steel ⑫un ↳ steel that has only caroon as its alloying element. in steel & carbon & d - ⑳curoon steel tim aroinster ⑫curoon steel +] 6 %0 ] 2 6600 & oro ([ 2003 e.. 20roe 5 · - 1. 400] -good strength - higher strength -very strong good ductility lessductility limited ductility (brittle) - - - used for suctured application used for maching limited socre tolerance - - - 3 Neur steel , sheet metal , I deam, parts ↳ toust dies Lochseno ↳ Sears, smuffs T  Tools must B: ter.ven # 20 - ze - i. e Fee (only at the allobing element plain curbun steel · · ( 2 - Low me nigh -10-1 L zuro 4. 4 is %C -.. 5 ord ↑ A0584)40 entere oss sure por = no not best ad deforming. ~ , ① Tool Steels · Larse %0 of allowing elements other than C. & Desisinted by a letter (W , A , M , 5 , = - -) and a number EX: M11 , M12 O · H : not whe ins , tod see. I besthalf-melting ↳ pt on Melvin Scule a hish runs en temp. > Gainin high strabtha high temp. & wear resistance · T : tunsestrn-based ribrsred steel ↑ MiMole drum = - - - hish speed tool feel Simulat rectance toor Steer Waternist it I  Muko-2 & o ought Allobs Shaped at fabricated in the solid satze general properties , compared to cast allobe, are vesicle tougher a closes allobe shaped in liquid (muten) form ·.  ↳ 30 ze # - curre Review · In plant is defamation the , volume is constant. · Ineustic defination , the volume may not concer. · As can i dief , In brocking or making is ↳ mat loud occurre the Meachs point , at necoins , the true te : Enio.e Prateria plastic Berurick A Louds wond be the some , when in series - not to X ~ remember : midiure : Praxa Jao Andnamira Es : 60 , 000. 8 + 12 , 000 1. E =en() Zintoe 42 , 400 (0 6). e ↳ &2400 40 384 6 18 / 933 6 current area of. B material Abo PRINBACricoace ~ PMUX : PA + PB = 19 1 3001 = 21 , 200 (01D2 ↳ 3138 4 ·  130-2 Fundamental Manufacturing Ploesser Deformation process · grain strictur matipup/ airul ove a Or best processes a &- ① Forging canterned def, of metuity and we of compressive funces - reace y ret - mechanical performance typicalis superin - Dopen Die. Fursing. ↳ no limit size that can i furbed Bumpexshuper es twold wall made ofh warring tool steel or mod 2.. Adel Die Funging ↳ more exp. ↳ Impression closed ↳ - 3. lives lunger ↳ impressedshape o mate Die-furging ↳ finch can B Veryis X bused intricate shares o mane whput expand in open wit Disadvantages : live oxidationa peelinge turn into ceramics & surfaces reff l when could , it doesn't cool unif only C ↳ less cantul over dimanimal - geometrical tolerances ward : -eliminat Porrits-direct gruin Mon -wrought will furmi (come from def ). - near net supe ↳ Won't perfect url  S #3012 rides (60 over, summarize indu ). · Test 0 : - No fursing ! ocoining Bucrins ⑧ swaging (sugging ? ( ② Heading ⑨ Roll furbing ⑰ ·ins ↳ forge- our first Brid Deformation · * · Rolling operations 4 Sicos Blooms ↳ Billets ↳ Grain recrystalization -  o * ing mill configurations · - I F · Barrins Rolls t - ddy Flutness contra + Deflects · Rins Rolling · Turena Rollins - K Extrusion ⑬ · wire , Rod , toe Drawing · Rule Deformation process ete-1 t # In E In Go : to · = enc 67 = en =. ~ (For In