LESSON-3.pptx

Philippine Art History I. Pre-Colonial Arts / Ethnic Arts “pre-colonial” - a term to use the general way of life before colonization Was there art before colonization? Pre-Colonial Arts / Ethnic Arts In Pre – colonial Philippines, arts are for ritual purposes or for everyday us...

Philippine Art History I. Pre-Colonial Arts / Ethnic Arts “pre-colonial” - a term to use the general way of life before colonization Was there art before colonization? Pre-Colonial Arts / Ethnic Arts In Pre – colonial Philippines, arts are for ritual purposes or for everyday use. Everyday expressions were all integrated within rituals that marked significant moments in a community’s life, like planting, harvesting, rites passage, funerary, ceremonies, weddings, among others. Pre-Colonial Arts / Ethnic Arts Our ancestors, just like others in the world during those times, were hunter gatherers. The forefathers hunted food and game that were shared among members of a community in a gathering where they told stories about the hunt. They imitated the movement of animals and prey, and the sounds that they made. Pre-Colonial Arts / Ethnic Arts 1. Pangalay dance (Sulu) is mimetic of the movements of the sea birds 2. Mandaya’ Kinabua, Banog – banog (Higaonon & B’laan), and ma- manok (Bagobos in Mindanao is imitated the movements of predatory birds. 3. Talip dance (Ifugao) that is used for courtship is mimetic of the movements of wild fowls  4. Inamo dance (Matigsalugs) and Kadaliwas dance (T’Boli) represent the comedic movement of the monkey 5. Tinikling dance evocative of the movements of the crane, balancing itself on stilt – like legs or flirting away from the clutches of bamboo traps. Pre-Colonial Arts / Ethnic Arts Famous artworks during pre – colonial Carvin Weavin Ornamentati g g on II. ISLAMIC ERA How did Islam influence art before the coming of Spanish colonizers? II. ISLAMIC ERA Islamic is characterized by geometric designs and patter selecting focus from the believers. II. ISLAMIC ERA Central to the Islamic faith is the doctrine of or unity of God In Islamic art we can observe how artist are influenced by the notion of the Tawhid II. ISLAMIC ERA Happenings during Islamic era 1. Sultanate of Sulu was established by Sayyid Abbubakar 2. Qur’an or holy text was introduced 3. Building of religious school called Madrasah 4. Natives from Yakans, Basilan and Zamboanga were converted to Islam 5. Islamazation process In Mindanao became strong. 6. Islam became the religion and as a way of life of people in Mindanao III. SPANISH ERA What kinds of art developed during Spanish Colonization? III. SPANISH ERA During this period, cruciform churches following the shape of the latin cross were built. III. SPANISH ERA In keeping with the prevailing, they were characterized by grandeur, drama, and elaborate details that purposely appealed to the emotions. The use of adobe, limestone or brick and the construction of thick buttresses or wing like projections reinforce the church structure to make it more resistant to earthquake. III. SPANISH ERA The result is a fusion of both native and European elements, prompting some art historians to refer to the style as colonial baroque or Philippine tropical baroque. Important Happenings related to art during Spanish era Chinese artisans were engaged in making icons or saints made in wood or ivory Colonial churches were built Western musical instruments were introduced Catholic liturgical music was introduced in 1742  Choral music to boys were introduced and created the first Filipino composers named Marcelo Adonay (1848 – 1928) Musical form based on Catholic faith have emerge in the Pasyon – the biblical of Christ’s passion chanted in an improvise melody. Honorata “ Atang” dela Rama awardeded as the most celebrated leading actress  Zarzuela was introduced, it was an opera which features singing and dancing with prosed dialogue which allowed the story to be carried out in a song. Severino Reyes and Hermogenes Ilagan were awarded as the most distinguished playwrights as they wrote zarzuela in Tagalog The first Senakulo was written in 1704 by Gaspar Aquino de Belen  Folk dances such as carinosa, pandango, polka , dansa and rigodon, habanera, and tango were introduced. Visual arts and paintings must be visual interpretation of biblical texts center to Catholic devotion ex. Heaven Earth and Hell by Jose Dans ( 1850) Reprographic art of printmaking was introduced, Doctrina Christiana is an example, the first printed book in the Philippines compiling song lyrics, commandments, sacraments and other catechetical material. Juan Luna ( Spoliarium) won gold medals and Felix Resurrection Hidalgo (Virgenes christianas expuestas al populacho) won silver medals Spoliarium Virgenes christianas expuestas al populacho Famous Artists and their artworks during Spanish era: Visual Arts: 1. Damian Domingo – water color albums of Tipos del País 2. Juan Luna – Spoliarium, Espana y Filipinas 3. Felix Resurrection Hidalgo – Virgenes christianas expuestas al populacho 4. Lorenzo Guerrero - The Water Carrier 5. Simon Flores – Portrait of the Quiazon Family 6. Jose Dans – Heaven , Earth , Hell 7. Esteban Villanueva - Basi Revolt Famous Artists and their artworks during Spanish era: Miniature painters: Engraver: 1. Antonio Malantic 1. Francisco Suarez 2. Isidro Arceo 2. Nicolas Engraver 3. Dionesio de Castro 3. Laureano Atlas 4. Justiniano Assuncion 4. Felipe Sevilla Famous Artists and their artworks during Spanish era: Writers: 1. Severino Reyes - Zarzuela 2. Hermogenes Ilagan – Zarzuela 3. Gaspar Aquino de Belen - Senakulo IV. AMERICAN ERA What were the changes brought about by American Colonization? Famous Artist during American era 1. Juan Abad – Tanikalang Ginto (Golden Chain) (1902) 2. Juan Matapang Cruz – Hindi ako Patay ( Iam Not Dead) 1903 3. Aurelio Tolentino – Kahapon , Ngayon at Bukas (Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow ) (The above 3 artists emphasized their works a deep profound yearning for freedom.) 4. Fabian dela Rosa (naturalists Painter) – Planting Rice (1921), El Kundiman( 1930) Famous Artist during American era 5. Fernando Amorsolo romantic painter – Dalagang Filipina, idyllic landscapes, historical paintings graphic artist –The Philippine Readers (book) The Independent (newspaper) logo designer - Ginebra San Miguel 6. Guillermo Tolentino (sculpture ) – Oblation ( 1935) UP Oblation ( 1958 ) Bonifacio Monument V. JAPANESE ERA The composer National Artist Felipe de Leon was said to have been commanded to write AWIT SA PAGLIKHA NG BAGONG PILIPINAS. Declared as the anthem specifically for the period, it conveyed allegiance to the nation reared in East Asia, where Japan was actively asserting its political power. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upRoe-J93r4 V. JAPANESE ERA Genre paintings were the most widely produced, particularly those that presented a neutral relationship between Filipinos and the Japanese through works that showed the normality of daily living. Famous artist and their artworks during Japanese era: 1. Fernado Amorsolo (painting) Harvest scene, 1942 Rice Planting, 1942 Bombing of the Intendencia (1942) Ruins of Manila Cathedral (1945) 2. Sylvia La Torre (song) Sa kabukiran Famous artist and their artworks during Japanese era: 3. Levi Celerio (composer) Sa Kabukiran 4. Felipe P. de Leon (composer) Awit sa Paglikha ng Bagong Pilipinas 5. Crispin Lopez (painting) Study of an Aeta (1943) Famous artist and their artworks during Japanese era: 6. Diosdado Lorenzo (painting) Atrocities in Paco 7. Dominador Castaneda (painting) Doomed Family (1945) VI. MODERN ERA (Neo Realism, Abstraction Modern styles) What is Modern Art? It is referred to as “traditional compared to contemporary art. Modern artists do not aim to copy and idealize reality; instead, they change the colors flatten the picture instead of creating illusions of depth, nearness and farness. They depict what might be thought of as “ugly “and unpleasant instead of the beautiful and pastoral. Modern famous artists and their artwork Neo Realists Artist 1. Manansala – The Beggars (1952), Tuba Drinkers (1954), 2. Legaspi – Gadgets II (1949), Bad Girls (1947) 3. HR Ocampo – The Contrast (1940), Genesis (1968) 4. Ramon Estella 5. Victor Oyteza 6. Romeo Tabuena Modern famous artists and their artwork Abstractionist Artists 1. Constancio Abenardo 2. Lee Aguinaldo 3. Jose Joya 4. Fernando Zobel 5. Arturo Luz – Street Musicians (1952) 6. Nina Saguil - Cargadores (1951) Modern famous artists and their artwork Modern Architectural structures: Church of the Risen Lord Church of Holy Sacrifice Chapel of Saint Joseph the (1955) worker VII. CONTEMPORARY ART What is contemporary art? Contemporary art is an art of today produced by artists living of today. Philippine Contemporary Art was an offshoot of social realism brought about by Martial Law. Arts became expression of people’s aspiration for a just, free and sovereign society. Contemporary Artists Contemporary Architecture Philippine Contemporary Sculpture Activity 4 What aspects of the traditional or academic, modern, or the contemporary are you inclined toward and how would this be evoked in your work? Make a self-portrait and explain the medium and techniques you used, as well as the style you choose. If you cannot draw, take a selfie and retouch according to the style you prefer. Explain.