Unit Lesson 1: Nature of Inquiry & Research PDF

Unit Lesson 1: Nature of Inquiry & Research Subject: Practical Research II Teacher: Mrs. Aires Rio C. Pereña Lesson 1 Learning Competency No. 1: The learner describes the characteristics of quantitative research (CS_RS12-Ia-c-1...

Unit Lesson 1: Nature of Inquiry & Research Subject: Practical Research II Teacher: Mrs. Aires Rio C. Pereña Lesson 1 Learning Competency No. 1: The learner describes the characteristics of quantitative research (CS_RS12-Ia-c-1). Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  ASPECTS QUALITATIVE QUANTITTAIVE MEASUREMENT, NATURE DESCRIPTION, SUBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE APPROACH NATURALISTIC; INDUCTIVE SCIENTIFIC, DEDUCTIVE SAMPLE SIZE (n) SMALL LARGE SAMPLING NON-PROBABILITY / NON- PROBABILITY / RANDOM / PROCEDURE RANDOM / BIASED UNBIASED TESTS, SURVEY & INTERVIEW, OBSERVATION, DATA-COLLECTION QUESTIONNAIRES WITH FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION SCALES THEMATIC ANALYSIS (BY DATA ANALYSIS STATISTICAL ANALYSIS CATEGORIES, CODES, THEMES) DATA PRESENTATION NARRATIVE REPORT TABLES, GRAPHS, CHARTS TYPE OF DATA TEXT-BASED NUMBER-BASED  Characteristics of Quantitative Research  QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH  Is a systematic investigation of observable phenomena where the researcher gathers quantitative data and subjects them to statistical methods. *systematic – scientific *phenomena – occurrence *gathers – obtains, collects *observable - empirical Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  Large sample size Objective Replicable Concise Quantitative Visual Research Reliable Presentation Faster Data Faster Data Analysis Collection Generalizable  Aspect Characteristics of Quantitative Research 1. To test hypothesis. 2. To establish causal relationship. PURPOSE 3. To make predictions 4. To generalize from findings Confirmatory, top-down, deductive (general to specific; SCIENTIFIC METHOD i.e. testing hypothesis or theories through data) SAMPLE SIZE (n) Larger sample size Random or Probability Sampling Method / Technique: 1. Simple Random (Fishbowl) SAMPLING METHOD 2. Stratified Random 3. Cluster (e.g. 2 clusters) 4. Systematic (e.g. every nth person) RELATIONSHIP WITH THE Formal PARTICIPANTS DATA COLLECTION Survey, Tests, Pretest-Post test, Experiment, and any other method TECHNIQUE that require precise measurements Number-based DATA NEEDED (Statistical Information and numbers) DATA ANALYSIS Statistical REPORTING Statistical Reporting  CHARACTERISTICS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH Aspect Characteristics 1.To test hypothesis. Purpose 2.To establish causal relationship. (Use, Goal or 3.To make predictions Objective) 4.To generalize from findings Confirmatory, top-down, deductive Scientific Method (i.e. testing hypothesis or theories (Approach) through data) *Hypothesis – educated guess, assumption, prediction Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  CHARACTERISTICS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH Aspect Characteristics Sample Size (n) Larger sample size *Sample size (n)– no. of respondents, sample mean, subset, smaller group from the population Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  CHARACTERISTICS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH Aspect Characteristics Random or Probability Sampling Method / Technique: Sampling 1. Simple Random (Fishbowl) Method 2. Stratified Random 3. Cluster (e.g. 2 clusters) 4. Systematic (e.g. every nth person) *Sampling–selection Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  CHARACTERISTICS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH Aspect Characteristics Relationship with the Formal participants Data Survey, Tests, Pretest-Post test, Collection Experiment, and any other method Technique that require precise measurements *Precise – accurate, exact Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  CHARACTERISTICS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH Aspect Characteristics Data Number-based Needed (Statistical Information and numbers) Data Statistical Analysis Reporting Statistical Reporting Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  CHARACTERISTICS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH Aspect Characteristics Subjectivity Low Generalizability High Research Setting Controlled *Subjectivity – bias Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña Lesson 2 Learning Competency No. 1: The learner describes the strengths, and weaknesses of quantitative research (CS_RS12-Ia-c-1). Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  Strengths Weaknesses 1. Replicable 1. Lack of In-Depth 2. Generalizable to a Information larger n 2. Lacks Textual Description 3. More comprehensive of Human Experiences causality (cause & 3. Less Flexible Research effect) Design/Method 4. Number-based 4. Numerical Data may be 5. Faster data analysis Insufficient in Analyzing Intangible Factors 6. Less Demanding 5. Limited Responses based 7. Objective on the Given Questions 8. Validity & Reliability are 6. Self-reported Data may Measurable NOT be Accurate  STRENGTHS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH 1. Can be replicated or repeated in other contexts 2. Provides findings that are generalizable to a large population 3. Can establish causality more conclusively 4. Can make predictions based on numerical data Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  STRENGTHS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH 5. Data analysis using statistical software is faster 6. Data-gathering techniques are typically less demanding compared with those in qualitative research 7. Has low degree of subjectivity 8. Its validity and reliability can be measured Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  WEAKNESSES OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH 1. Cannot adequately provide in-depth information necessary for describing & explaining a complex phenomenon 2. Lacks the ability to provide textual description of human experiences Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  WEAKNESSES OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH 3. Numerical data may be insufficient in analyzing intangible factors, such as gender roles, socio-economic status, and social norms of a given population 4. Has less flexibility in terms of study design Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  WEAKNESSES OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH 5. Responses of participants are strictly limited to what has been asked Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  WEAKNESSES OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH 6. Self-reported data may not be very accurate as respondents may have the tendency to underestimate or overestimate their skills & behavior during self- assessment tasks Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  STRENGTHS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH 1. Replicable 2. Generalizable 3. Causality Measures 4. Number-based 5. Faster 6. Less Demanding 7. Objective 8. Validity & Reliability are Measurable Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  WEAKNESSES OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH 1. Lack of In-Depth Information 2. Lacks Textual Description of Human Experiences 3. Less Flexible Research Design/Method 4. Numerical Data may be Insufficient in Analyzing Intangible Factors 5. Limited Responses based on the Given Questions 6. Self-reported Data may NOT be Accurate Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña  Reference: Barrot, J.S., (2016). Practical Research 2 for Senior High School. Quezon city, Philippines: C&E Publishing, Inc. Prepared By: Aires Rio C. Pereña