Patterns of Development: Organizational Patterns Explained - PDF

## Patterns of Development This document describes patterns of development, also known as patterns of organization, which are ways writers organize their writing for a specific purpose. These patterns are also referred to as text structures. ### Introduction The following are the different types...

## Patterns of Development This document describes patterns of development, also known as patterns of organization, which are ways writers organize their writing for a specific purpose. These patterns are also referred to as text structures. ### Introduction The following are the different types of organizational patterns: * Cause-Effect * Compare & Contrast * Problem-Solution * Sequence * Main Idea & Details The presentation will cover the specifics of each type, including its purpose, key features, examples, and techniques, along with example prompts. ### What is Cause-Effect? Cause-effect organization is a pattern that shows causal relationships between events, ideas, and trends, often used in historical and scientific writing. Cause-effect relationships can take several forms: * One cause with one effect * One cause with multiple effects * Multiple causes with a single effect * A chain of causes and effects #### Examples of Cause-Effect Organization * **One cause with one effect:** A pile of gasoline spilled on the lawn. The next day, the grass on the lawn died. * **One cause with multiple effects:** Cutting down trees may result in landslide, flood, and decline of bird population. * **Multiple causes with a single effect:** Keila got a good exam grade because she is attending classes, taking down notes and listening to her teacher when discussing. * **A chain of causes and effects:** Population growth leads to more traffic and greenhouse gases, which contributes to deforestation. Deforestation reduces the number of plants that absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, which contributes to climate change. ### What is Compare and Contrast? Compare and contrast organization is a pattern that looks at the similarities and differences in two or more subjects. The compare and contrast pattern may be developed in two ways: * **Point by Point Organization:** A type of essay that compares two subjects using the same criteria, one point at a time. * **Subject by Subject Organization:** A way to compare and contrast two subjects by discussing each subject separately but using the same basis of comparison and order for both. #### Example of Compare And Contrast | | Point by Point | Subject by Subject | | :-------------------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | | | Example Description | I have two cats, and they are very different from each other. Based on their fur color, Rusi is an orange cat while Pawsie is a mixture of white and gray cat. Talking about the gender, Rusi is male, while Pawsie is female. Rusi often go outside the house, while Pawsie usually stays inside; sleeping. | I have two cats, and they are very different from each other. Rusi is a male orange cat who loves to go outside. On the other hand, Pawsie is a female white-gray cat. She loves to stay inside the house and sleep all day. | ### What is Problem Solution? Problem-solution order is a pattern of organization in which a problem is stated and analyzed, and then one or more solutions are proposed and examined. The following are sample sentences for this text structure: * **Problem:** My brother is sick, and he has a high fever. **Solution:** I should give give him medicine for his fever and soup to ease him. * **Problem:** Her bedroom is such a mess. **Solution:** She should clean her bedroom and make it tidy. ### What is Sequence? Sequence can be in chronological order (the order events take place), spatial order or order of importance (going from the most important to the least important or the other way around). The following are words to use when writing in sequence order: * First * Next * Finally * At Last * Initially * Later * Subsequently * Meanwhile * Then * After * Previously * In the Meantime #### Examples of Sequence * Reading a recipe book is an example of sequence order. First, preheat the oven. Then, mix the ingredients. Next, pour the mix into a baking tray. Finally, put the tray in the oven and bake. * Counting numbers from 1-10 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ... ### What is Main Idea and Details? Main idea and details is a pattern of organization in which a central idea about a topic is supported by details. * **Main Idea:** The most important idea about a topic that a particular tax or paragraph conveys * **Supporting Details:** Words, phrases, or sentences that tell more about the main idea in the form of examples, facts, statistics, or quotes. ### Thank you!