lecture 5 WorkGroup Computing, EDI and Intranet-1.pptx

CSM 184 Intranet  Intranet An intranet is a private network contained within an enterprise that is used to securely share company information and computing resources among employees A company-wide intranet can constitute an important focal point of internal communication and collaboration,...

CSM 184 Intranet  Intranet An intranet is a private network contained within an enterprise that is used to securely share company information and computing resources among employees A company-wide intranet can constitute an important focal point of internal communication and collaboration, and provide a single starting point to access internal and external resources.  Intranets In its simplest form, an intranet is established with the technologies for local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs) Network within an organization that uses Internet protocols and technologies for: Collecting, storing, and disseminating useful information that supports business activities  Intranets Otherwise known as corporate portals Facilitates internal use by employees ◦ Companies also allow trusted business partners to access their intranets  Intranets Uses Internet technologies to solve organizational problems Different from a LAN Defining and limiting access is important for security reasons  Exhibit 7.3 Simple Intranet Architecture Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. MIS6| CH7 6  Exhibit 7.2 The Internet versus Intranets Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. MIS6| CH7 7  Business Applications of an Intranet Human resources management Sales and marketing Production and operations Accounting and finance Helps organizations move from a calendar-based, document-publishing strategy to an event-based strategy Reduces the costs and time of document production Uses and Benefits Accessing information: with a content management system (CMS) and frequently integrated with an organization’s document management system (DMS), intranets can be used to centrally host and access documents, policies, and information employees require to perform their roles. Connecting people: globalized organizations and those with employees working remotely, on the frontline or across a range of office locations face challenges connecting their staff. An intranet helps colleagues find one another, connect, and Uses and Benefits Knowledge management: alongside formal information and documents, organizations typically hold vast levels of knowledge amongst their employees. Completing tasks or workflows: combining forms or transactional applications with hosted information, intranets enable employees to self-serve and complete common processes Internal communications: through social and communication tools such as blogs, wikis, forums, and discussions, an intranet can be used to facilitate effective two-way internal communications between management and staff.  Uses and Benefits Measuring and improving employee engagement: it’s known to have a critical impact on business performance, yet presents one of the greatest challenges for business leaders. Supporting strategic business objectives: intranets can play an active role in support high-level business objectives Time: Intranets allow organizations to distribute information to employees on an as-needed basis; Cost-effectiveness: Users can view information and data via web browser rather than maintaining physical documents such as procedure manuals, internal phone list and requisition forms  Extranets Secure network that: ◦ Uses the Internet and Web technologies to connect intranets of business partners ◦ Facilitates communication between organizations or between consumers Considered to be a type of inter-organizational system (IOS) ◦ Electronic funds transfer (EFT) ◦ Electronic data interchange (EDI)  Extranets Allow companies to reduce internetworking costs and give a competitive advantage ◦Leads to increased profits Require a comprehensive security system and management control  Exhibit 7.4 Simple Extranet Architecture Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. MIS6| CH7 14 Advantages of Extranets Coordination Feedback Consumer satisfaction Cost reduction Expedited communication WorkGroup Computing WorkGroup Computing Workgroup computing refers to any computer system that replicates the manual work process. Anytime two or more people work together sharing information on a computer system it can be defined as group computing. It is a way to electronically process human transactions. The focus is on information sharing, coordination and collaboration When two people manually send letters or memos to each other, it is called a workgroup process. WorkGroup Computing When two people send the same letters or memos using e- mail, it is referred to as workgroup computing Any software that supports workgroup computing can be labelled as groupware. There are three different levels of group computing: WorkGroup Computing 1. Individual level On this level the members individually work toward a group goal but there is no group coordination Members use word processors, spreadsheets and databases, but do not coordinate their efforts Here, we find duplication and lack of sharing of work that oftentimes produces inconsistent results WorkGroup Computing 2. Coordinated effort On this level, the members coordinate and actively manage the flow of work by structuring work processes  It goes beyond individual automation and provides a structured work environment. The structures are the processes that need to be completed for a legal function  WorkGroup Computing  The coordinated effort focuses on the communication in the transmitting and receiving of messages. The basic tool for information sharing is e-mail. There are no time and place barriers. It pushes information to others  WorkGroup Computing Other tools that support these coordinated efforts are schedulers, project managers, shared databases, and workflow automation software. This may require some development or customization of commercial software packages. WorkGroup Computing 3. Collaborating Members here make concerted efforts for information sharing, discussions, and obtaining other information as needed It pulls information from many different data storage areas for use by all the team members WorkGroup Computing It is a “virtual” workplace that allows collaborative information exchanges without the constraints of time and space Shared whiteboards, electronic brainstorming, shared editors, electronic conferencing, and electronic voting are technology tools that are supportive of this group dynamic. WorkGroup Computing There are several different types of group computing Teleconferencing is a meeting among people in different geographical locations using the telephone. Computer teleconferencing is a keyboard conference among several users at computers linked through a network or the Internet. WorkGroup Computing Document conferencing participants not only see and hear each other, but work on text and graphic projects at the same time. Application sharing is allowing all the participants to run a software program that is located on one user’s machine Videoconferencing is where two or more people are sharing video of each other or others Current Trends in Computing Three Dimensional Printing (3D Printing) 5G Networks Artififiial Intelligence (AI) & Machine Learning (ML) Cloud Computing and Quantum Computing BlockChain and Cryptocurrency Reference: VARINDIA - https://www.varindia.com/news/tech-trends-to-dominate-the-it-industry-in-2022-and-beyond 27 Current Trends in Computing Virtual and Augmented reality Cybersecurity Drones and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Fintech Internet of Things and Wearables Reference: VARINDIA - https://www.varindia.com/news/tech-trends-to-dominate-the-it-industry-in-2022-and-beyond 28 Robotics Robotics is the engineering and operation of machines that can autonomously or semi-autonomously perform physical tasks on behalf of a human Typically robots use sensors, actuators and data processing to interact with the physical world. Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics have survived to the present:  Robots must never harm human beings  Robots must follow instructions from humans without violatin rule 1  Robots must protect themselves without violating the other Reference: TECHOPEDIA - https://www.techopedia.com/definition/32836/robotics 29 Reference: TechTarget - https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/definition/robot Humanoid robots Humanoid robots are robots that look like or mimic human behavior. These robots usually perform human-like activities (like running, jumping and carrying objects), and are sometimes designed to look like us, even having human faces and expressions. Two of the most prominent examples of humanoid robots are Hanson Robotics’ Sophia and Boston Dynamics’ Atlas. Reference: BuiltIN - https://builtin.com/robotics 31  Anthropomorphic robots Anthropomorphic robots are not too different from the term Humanoids. They are basically robots resembling human body in shape with attributes of social belongings. Reference: FRONTIERS - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00468/full 32  Non-Anthropomorphic robots Non-Anthropomorphic robots are the categories of robots that do not possess any physical resemblance or humans but may possess other features of humans such as interacting, locomotion, conversations and cognitive characteristics. Reference: FRONTIERS - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00468/full 33