Lecture 12 School Violence PDF

School violence This lecture just scratches the surface, we offer an entire course on this topic if you are interested in it. Of course the hot topic here is shootings in schools, we will get to those in a second. But the most common violence in schools, by far, is assaults. Kids get in fights, ki...

School violence This lecture just scratches the surface, we offer an entire course on this topic if you are interested in it. Of course the hot topic here is shootings in schools, we will get to those in a second. But the most common violence in schools, by far, is assaults. Kids get in fights, kids beat up other kids, etc. pretty frequently. Much more than they kill each other, or rob each other, or rape each other. Schools are a place of risk for kids, mostly because it is a place kids spend a lot of time. And with other kids, who are often risky kids. The riskiest time, by the way, for a kid in general to be a victim of a violent crime, is between 3 and 4 pm. The walk home from school is much more dangerous than in school itself. And before school is too early for violence. The “meet me after school” mutual combat is not the issue here, it is kids getting jumped by bigger kids on the way home. Instead of me typing out some of the key data points, I am going to link to the best currently available data sources, and you have to read them on your own. Consider them part of the lecture, and you are responsible for the material within them. Read this, but as it is long, really read the executive summary in great detail: https://bjs.ojp.gov/document/iscs22.pdf It is the 2022 Bureau of Justice Statistics and National Center for Educational Statistics document on school crime. School shootings These peaked in the early 1990s. Remember these are numbers, and with population increase, the decrease in the risk/rate is likely much more pronounced. https://www.prisonpolicy.org/scans/jpi/shh2.pdf The 26 in 1998-1999 include Columbine, which was a 40% decline from the previous year. 1992-93 55 1993-94 51 1999 is sort of the before/after point for school killings, While they were more frequent before 1999, they were not given much attention, because they were mostly events with one or two fatalities, usually of minorities in inner-city schools. 1999 is when the first of the shocking and famous mass school shootings occurred, Columbine. The Columbine shooting on April 20, 1999 at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado, occurred when two teens went on a shooting spree, killing 13 people and wounding more than 20 others, before turning their guns on themselves and committing suicide. (Please note, the worst school killings in the US is mostly lost to history, and did not involve shooting: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bath_School_disaster “The Bath School disaster, also known as the Bath School massacre,[c] was a series of violent attacks perpetrated by Andrew Kehoe upon the Bath Consolidated School in Bath Charter Township, Michigan, United States, on May 18, 1927. The attacks killed 38 children and 6 adults, and injured at least 58 other people. Prior to the explosions at the school, Kehoe had murdered his wife, Nellie Price Kehoe, and firebombed his farm. Arriving at the site of the school explosion, Kehoe died when he set off explosives concealed in his truck. Kehoe, the 55-year-old school board treasurer, was angered by increased taxes and his defeat in the April 5, 1926, election for township clerk. It was thought by locals that he planned his "murderous revenge" following this public defeat. Kehoe had a reputation for being difficult, on the school board and in personal dealings. In addition, he was notified in June 1926 that his mortgage was going to be foreclosed. For much of the next year, Kehoe purchased explosives and secretly hid them on his property and under the school. On the day of the disaster, Kehoe set off explosions at his farmstead and at the Bath Consolidated School, destroying his farm and ripping through the north wing of the school. As rescue efforts began, Kehoe drove up to the schoolyard in his shrapnel-filled truck and triggered a second explosion, killing himself and four others, as well as injuring bystanders. During the rescue and recovery efforts, searchers discovered a further 500 pounds (230 kg) of explosives under the south wing of the school that had been set to go off simultaneously with the initial explosion. Kehoe had apparently intended to destroy the entire school, and everyone in it.”) Here is what the CDC has to say about school violent deaths: https://www.cdc.gov/youth-violence/data-research/school- associatedviolentdeathstudy/?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/youthviolence /schoolviolence/SAVD.html Read the above document, but some highlights: According to CDC's School Associated Violent Death Study, between 14 and 34 school-age children are victims of homicide on school grounds on their way to and from school—each and every year. Most school-associated violent deaths occur during transition times – immediately before and after the school day and during lunch. 1 Violent deaths are more likely to occur at the start of each semester. 2  Nearly 50 percent of homicide perpetrators gave some type of warning signal, such as making a threat or leaving a note, prior to the event.1 Firearms used in school-associated homicides and suicides came primarily from the perpetrator's home or from friends or relatives.3 Homicide is the second leading cause of death among youth aged 5-18. Data from this study indicate that between 1% and 2% of these deaths happen on school grounds or on the way to or from school. These findings underscore the importance of preventing violence at school as well as in communities. About 90% of school-associated youth homicide incidents from 1994-2016 involved only one victim. Multiple-victim incidents accounted for only 10% of all school-associated youth homicide incidents from 1994-2016, but involved a disproportionate number of all youth homicide victims (18.6%) during this time. Single-victim school-associated homicides are similar to youth homicides unrelated to schools, often involving male, racial/ethnic minority victims, and occurring in urban settings. While single-victim school-associated youth homicide rates remained stable from 1994–2016, multiple-victim school-associated youth homicide incidence rates increased significantly from July 2009 to June 2018. From 1994-2018, 95% of multiple-victim school-associated youth homicides were caused by firearm-related injuries. Firearms used in school-associated homicides and suicides came primarily from the perpetrator’s home or from friends or relatives. Nearly 50% of homicide perpetrators gave some type of warning signal, such as making a threat or leaving a note, before the event. And a graph from the CDC on violent deaths at school. Probably not what you expected, as it has been declining a lot (these are numbers not rates, what has the population done in this same timeframe?) so the rates have gone down even more… If you relied on the media to tell you about kids getting killed at school, would your image be accurate? https://www.cdc.gov/ViolencePrevention/youthviolence/schoolviolence/SAVD.html The school shootings that weren’t https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/08/27/640323347/the-school-shootings-that-werent http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercaz_HaRav_massacre Last school massacre in Israel before this was 1974, BECAUSE since 1974 every Israeli school has had armed teachers/guards/students. This is despite an overwhelming number of Palestinians said that the Mercaz massacre was a good thing.