Lecture 1 - IS PDF

Introduction to Information Systems Lecture 1 Information Systems Concepts Dr. Mohamed H.Behiry [email protected] Why Learn About Information Systems in Organizations? Information systems are used by almost every imaginable profession – Entrepreneurs and small...

Introduction to Information Systems Lecture 1 Information Systems Concepts Dr. Mohamed H.Behiry [email protected] Why Learn About Information Systems in Organizations? Information systems are used by almost every imaginable profession – Entrepreneurs and small business owners – Sales representatives – Managers – Financial advisors Information systems: – Essential tools to help you achieve your career goals 2 Data, Information, and Knowledge Data: – Raw facts Information: – Collection of facts organized and processed in such a way that they have value beyond the individual facts themselves Knowledge: – Awareness and understanding of a set of information 3 What is Information? What is information? – Information is a collection of facts – It can take many forms – text, numbers, images, audio clips and video clips – One of an organization’s most valuable resources – Often confused with the term data 4 Data Into Information 5 Defining an Information System Information system (IS) is a set of interrelated elements that: – Collect (input) – Manipulate (process) – Store – Disseminate (output) data and information – Provide a corrective reaction (feedback mechanism) to meet an objective 6 Defining an Information System 7  Input, Processing, Output, Feedback Input: – Activity of gathering and capturing raw data Processing: – Converting data into useful outputs Output: – Production of useful information, usually in the form of documents and reports Feedback: – Information from the system that is used to make changes to input or processing activities 8 The Value of Information Helps decision makers achieve their organization’s goals Helps people and their organizations perform tasks more efficiently and effectively 9 The Characteristics of Valuable Information To be useful to managers, information should have some or possibly all of the following characteristics: – Accessible - Accurate – Complete - Economical – Flexible - Relevant – Reliable - Secure – Simple - Timely – Verifiable 10 12 Careers in Information Systems Career opportunities in IS are expected to increase and IS budgets expected to surge Mobile applications will be a key factor in this surge IS workers need communication skills, detailed knowledge of the organization, and understanding of how information systems can help the organization achieve its goals 12 Roles, Functions and Careers in IS Primary responsibilities in information systems: – Systems development: Focuses on specific development projects and ongoing maintenance and review – Operations: System operators primarily run and maintain IS equipment 13 Roles, Functions and Careers in IS – Support: Provides user assistance in hardware and software acquisition and use, data administration, user training and assistance, and Web administration New and exciting careers have developed in IS consulting, training, sales, repair, IS customer service, and IS entrepreneurs 14 Careers in Information Systems 15 Computer-Based Information Systems (CBIS) Manual vs. Computer-based Computer-Based Information Systems (CBIS): – Single set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures: Configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information Examples?? 13 CBIS Building Blocks 1 7 CBIS Building Blocks CBIS Business Cycle CBIS No Paper Work  What Does IS do for a Business? Put kiosk in store to connect to what lines of e-commerce website production need to be added, what record kind of investment purchases, required track inventory, pay employees Differentiate Data and information Characteristics: Accessible and verifiable Feedback and knowledge List Component of information systems 4 characteristics of valuable information Features of information systems  Replace with Scientific Term Converting data into useful outputs Collection of facts organized and processed in such a way that they have value beyond the individual facts themselves Awareness and understanding of a set of information Single set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures Information from the system that is used to make changes to input or processing activities Raw facts Information is delivered when it is needed