Leather Types - PDF

LEATHER LEATHER It is a strong, flexible and durable material obtain from the tanning or chemical treatment, of animal skins and hides to prevent decay. The most common leathers come from cattle, sheep, goats, equine animals, buffalo, pigs and hogs and aquatic animals such as seals and alligators....

LEATHER LEATHER It is a strong, flexible and durable material obtain from the tanning or chemical treatment, of animal skins and hides to prevent decay. The most common leathers come from cattle, sheep, goats, equine animals, buffalo, pigs and hogs and aquatic animals such as seals and alligators. TYPES OF LEATHER Enhancing your presentation Types of Leather REAL LEATHER FULL-GRAIN TOP-GRAIN LEATHER BONDED LEATHER GENUINE LEATHER NUBUCK LEATHER SUEDE LEATHER Types of Leather SPLIT LEATHER CORRECTED GRAIN LEATHER PATTENT LEATHER FAUX LEATHER ANILINE LEATHER PULL- UP LEATHER REAL LEATHER Real leather can be full -grain leather or top grain leather. They are both the highest quality leather made from real animal hide. This type of leather is thick and has a little rough surface with some imperfection showing in the surface. Is the highest quality of leather you can find. It is the outer layer of the hide that has not been sanded or buffed to remove imperfection. Full -grain leather is prized for its natural grain and texture, which gives it a distinctive look and patina that develops over time. FULL-GRAIN TOP-GRAIN LEATHER Is a t y p e o f l e a t he r t h a t h a s b e e n s a n d e d a n d b u f f ed t o r e m ove i m p e r f ec tio ns , m a k i ng i t s m o o t h e r a n d m o r e u n i f o r m i n t e xt u r e. Th i s p r o c e s s a l s o r e m oves t h e n a t u ra l g ra i n a n d p a t i n a o f t h e l e a t he r, m a k i ng i t l e s s d i s t in c t t h a n f u l l-g rain l e a t he r. BONDED LEATHER Also called reconstituted leather, composition leather or blended leather, is a term used for a manufactured upholstery materials which contains animal hide. It is made as a layered structure of a fiber or paper backer covered with a layer of shredded leather fibers mixed with natural rubber or a polyurethane binder that is embossed with a leather-like texture. GENUINE LEATHER Is made from real animal hides, just like higher-grade leather such as full - grain and top-grain. However, its important to recognized that genuine leather occupies the lower end of the quality spectrum. NUBUCK LEATHER Is a t o p - g ra i n l e a the r t h a t h a s b e e n s a n d e d o r b u f f e d o n t h e g ra i n s i d e o r o u t s i d e , t o g i ve a s l i g ht n a p o f s h o r t p r o t e i n f i b e rs , p r o d u c i n g a ve l ve t -l i ke s u r f a c e. I t i s r e s i s ta nt t o w e a r a n d m a y b e w h i t e o r c o l o r e d. N u b u c k i s l i ke s u e d e , b u t i t ' s c r e a t e d f r o m t h e o u t e r s i d e o f a h i d e , g i vi n g i t m o r e s t r e n g th a n d t h i c k n e s s a n d a f i n e g ra i n. I t i s g e n e ra l l y m o r e e x p e ns i ve t h a n s u e d e a n d m u s t b e c o l o r e d o r d ye d h e a v i l y t o c ove r u p t h e s a n d i n g a n d s t a m pi n g p r o c e s s. SUEDE LEATHER Is a type of leather known for its sof t, supple texture and velvety surface. Unlike full -grain leather or top-grain leather, which are made from the outer layer of animal hide, suede is craf ted from the underside, also known as the flesh side of the hide. This gives suede its unique appearance and feel, distinguished by its fuzzy nap and matte finish. SPLIT LEATHER Is a type of leather derived from the corium, the lower layer of the animal hide that remains once the top grain layers, which encompasses the outermost grain, has been separated. This type of leather is generally more affordable than top - grain leather and possesses distinct characteristics, such as furious texture and reduced durability. CORRECTED GRAIN LEATHER Is leather that has been sanded and buffed to removed imperfections such as scars from the surface of the material. An artificial grain can then be imprinted on the leather. PATTENT LEATHER Is a t y p e o f l e a t h e r t h a t h a s b e e n t r e a t e d w i t h a g l o s s y, s h i n y finish. It is commonly use in f o o t w e a r, h a n d b a g s a n d accessories for its distinctive a p p e a ra n c e. Pa t t e n t l e a t h e r i s h i g h l y d u ra b l e a n d r e s i s t a n t t o water and stains, making it a popular choice for formal wear and special occasions. FAUX LEATHER A l s o k n o w n a s P U l e a t h er i s a s y n t h e tic m a t e r ia l t h a t i s m a d e t o l o o k a n d f e e l l i ke r e a l l e a t h er. I t i s m a d e f r o m a p o l y u re th an e f i l m t h a t i s a p p l ied t o a f a b r ic b a c k i n g. Fa u x l e a t h er i s c h e a p e r t h a n g e n u i ne l e a t he r a n d i t d o e s n o t r e q u i re t h e s a m e l e ve l o f c a r e. ANILINE LEATHER Th i s i s a l e a the r th a t r e ta i n s th e n a tu ra l g ra i n s o f th e o r i g in al - i t i s d ye d w i th s o l u b le d ye s th a t a r e cl e a r a n d tra n s p a r en t. Yo u ca n s e e l e a the r o n i ts n a tu ra l s ta te. Th i s i s th e s o f te s t o f a l l l e a the r a n d th e m o s t co m f o r ta ble. So m e time s a n i lin e l e a th er w i l l co m e w i th e xtra tr e a tm en t i f o i l a n d / o r wa x e f f e cts. PULL- UP LEATHER Is a type of leather that is characterized by its distinctive aging and patina development. Pull - up leather gets its name from the way it responds when stretched or pulled, as it tends to lighten in color and reveal lighter tones underneath. This effect is achieved through the application of special oils, waxes or greases during the tanning process. FAKE VS REAL LEATHER STEPS ON HOW TO SPOT FAKE LEATHER Tests to Identify Fake Leather TEST 1 - CHECK THE LABEL TEST 2 - CHECK THE PRICE TEST 3 - CHECK VISIBLE CHARACTERISTIC TEST 4 - EXAMINE THE PORES TEST 5 - SMELL THE LEATHER TEST 6 - TOUCH THE LEATHER TEST 7 - WATER TEST TEST 1 - CHECK THE LABEL M o s t o f t h e t i m e t h e r e a l l e a th e r i s p r o u d l y stated on the product label and the faux or s y n t h e ti c l e a th e r i s a l s o m e n t i o n e d o n t h e l a b e l , s o i t b e c o m e s o e a s y t o i d e n ti f y w h a t yo u a r e b u y i n g. S o a l wa y s c h e c k t h e l a b e l o f product before purchasing them to know more a b o u t t h e l e a t h e r, t h e p l a c e o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g , t h e c a r e i n s t r u c tio n. TEST 2 - CHECK THE PRICE The original full-grain leather is one of the highest quality of leather that money can buy and hence its price is a lot higher than faux or synthetic leather so also check the price tag to get an idea of the leather type. TEST 3 - CHECK VISIBLE CHARACTERISTIC Fo r i d e n t i f y i n g l e a t h e r, l o o k c l o s e l y a t t h e s u r f a c e t o u n d e r s t a n d t h e t e x t u r e. Re a l l e a t h e r d o e s n o t h a v e a p e r f e c t l y s m o o t h surface as each animal hide has its unique texture and i m p e r f e c t i o n w h i c h m a k e i t l o o k n a t u ra l a n d o n e o f i t s k i n d. I t m i g h t h a ve s c ra t c h e s , w r i n k l e s a n d c r e a s e s w h i c h i n d i c a t e s t h a t t h e l e a t h e r i s r e a l. A l s o, r e a l l e a t h e r h a s a b i t r o u g h a n d a g ra i n y s u r f a c e. D u e t o i t s s t r e t c h a b l e a n d f l e x i b l e n a t u r e , i t wrinkles when touched and press. Whereas faux leather has a ve r y s m o o t h a n d u n i f o r m f i n i s h , t h e s u r f a c e a n d p a t t e r n l o o k ve r y e ve n u n i f o r m l y. Fa u x l e a t h e r w i l l u n n a t u ra l a n d b e h a v e s more like plastic when it is touched or pressed and retain its structure. TEST 4 - EXAMINE THE PORES F i n a l l y, t o t e l l t h e d i f f e re n c e b e t w e e n f a u x a n d r e a l l e a the r, b e s u r e t o c h e c k t h e p o r e s o f t h e l e a th e r. J u s t a s b e f o r e , i f i t s e e m s t o o p e r f e c t i t p r o b a b l y t o o g o o d t o b e t r u e. Re a l l e a t he r g a s a n i n c o n s i s te nt p a t t e rn o f p o r e s a r e m o r e p r o m i ne n tl y v i s i bl e i n f u l l - g ra i n l e a t he r. I n c o n t ra s t , f a ke l e a the r h a s a c o n s i s t e n t, e ve n l y s p r e a d p o r e s a n d r e p e a ti ng p a t t e rn. TEST 5 - SMELL THE LEATHER Real animal has a distinct animal skin smell that cannot be added artificially. For some people the smell of it is one of the best smell in the world. While some other people do not like the smell, it defends on personal preference. Leather is simply processed animal skin, so it is obvious to smell like skin. Hence the leather smell is one of the features that can be used while comparing real leather vs fake leather. TEST 6 - TOUCH THE LEATHER When you are purchasing a leather jacket , bag, shoes or any other article, touch the leather with your bare finger, if it is real then it will feel a little bit rough and uneven. When you press your finger into the leather, it will stretch and wrinkle like our own skin. TEST 7 - WATER TEST Real leather absorb a little water because it comes from a real animal skin, while faux or synthetic leather does not absorb even a little water because its purely synthetic and made from plastic material. QUESTIONS AND CLARIFICATIONS THANK YOU