Lab 3- Blood - The Liquid Tissue PDF

Lab 3: Blood- The Liquid Tissue E-Lab Manual- Terry Martin: Lab Manual for Human Anatomy and Physiology (3rd Ed.) E-Lecture Text- Kenneth Saladin: Anatomy and Physiology: Unity of Form and Function (8th edition) Objectives: Determine the hematocrit of an individual Explain the roles of var...

Lab 3: Blood- The Liquid Tissue E-Lab Manual- Terry Martin: Lab Manual for Human Anatomy and Physiology (3rd Ed.) E-Lecture Text- Kenneth Saladin: Anatomy and Physiology: Unity of Form and Function (8th edition) Objectives: Determine the hematocrit of an individual Explain the roles of varies formed elements in blood tissue Identify different formed elements in blood tissue Describe the components of blood plasma Perform an ABO blood type on an unknown blood sample and use it to solve simulated real- world problems Demonstrate the genetics of ABO blood groups and Rh factor Who’s the killer? A simple question asked daily in courtroom, police stations and TV shows. When an assemblage of potential criminals looms on a wanted poster, a simple blood test can sometimes be the key to exclude suspects. Today, we are going to see how. In Biology 131 you looked at the cardiovascular system. You know that blood is a liquid, connective tissue and moves through specialized vessels in the body. To review this, refer to Exercise 41 in your e-lab manual (Martin). You studying these vessels in Biology 131 lab and looked at Histology slides of blood. Today, we are going to look more specifically at the liquid tissue of the circulatory system. The study of blood is hematology. Blood has several functions in the body: Transport o Transports oxygen to cells and CO2 away o Moves nutrients from digestive system to cells o Waste is moved from cells to excretory systems such as the kidneys o Moves stem cells from bone marrow to other body parts Protection o Involved in inflammation o White blood cells destroy pathogens K. McDaniel Western Kentucky University  o Antibodies neutralize pathogens and toxins o Platelets initiate blood clotting Regulation o Regulate fluids in the body o Stabilize pH of extracellular fluids o Regulate body temperature Blood also have a Form: Components of the Blood (Table 41.1 e-lab manual (Martin)) A. Plasma a. Water (92%) b. Plasma Proteins (7%): Remain in the blood at all times: Produced by liver or kidneys: # categories of proteins i. Albumins: Small plasma proteins 1. Provide osmotic pressure for blood 2. Provide blood viscosity (resistance to flow) ii. Globulins: Most diverse proteins 1. Used to make antibodies 2. Used at transport proteins iii. Fibrinogen: Clotting proteins c. Dissolved Solids (1.5%): Physiological Exchange fraction B. Formed Elements: Blood Cells a. See Table Below Formed Element Description Number/ mm3 Circulating Life Function Span Erythrocyte Anucleate Males: 5.4 ~120 days Hemoglobin Biconcave disc million production and Females 4.8 oxygen transport million Platelets Non-cellular 250,000-400,000 9 days* Blood clotting fragments Leukocytes Large, amoeboid 5000-10,000 Varies Protection (See below) cells *Kupfer cells (modified monocytes) in the liver and spleen (sinusoidal capillaries): These phagocytically remove dead blood cells and particles. K. McDaniel Western Kentucky University Five Types of Leukocytes: These are shown in your e-lab manual (Martin) Figure 41.5. A. Granular Leukocytes a. Neutrophils (60-70%): Highly phagocytic (aggressive) during early bacterial infection b. Eosinophils (2-4%): Dampen allergic reactions (secrete antihistamine, protect against parasitic worms) c. Basophils (