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Questions and Answers
Which function of blood is directly compromised if a patient's kidneys begin to fail?
Which function of blood is directly compromised if a patient's kidneys begin to fail?
- Transport of oxygen to cells
- Regulation of body temperature
- Regulation of fluids in the body (correct)
- Destruction of pathogens by white blood cells
Which of the following scenarios would most likely result in an increased production of erythrocytes?
Which of the following scenarios would most likely result in an increased production of erythrocytes?
- A person training at high altitude for a marathon. (correct)
- A patient with a parasitic worm infection.
- A patient with a vitamin B12 deficiency.
- An individual experiencing chronic kidney failure.
A patient has a condition that reduces the production of albumin. Which of the following physiological effects would you expect to observe?
A patient has a condition that reduces the production of albumin. Which of the following physiological effects would you expect to observe?
- Decreased carbon dioxide transport
- Decreased blood viscosity (correct)
- Increased antibody production
- Increased blood viscosity
A patient's blood test reveals an elevated level of eosinophils. Which condition is the MOST probable cause?
A patient's blood test reveals an elevated level of eosinophils. Which condition is the MOST probable cause?
If a patient has a compromised liver, which of the following blood components would most likely be affected?
If a patient has a compromised liver, which of the following blood components would most likely be affected?
Which formed element is correctly matched with its primary function?
Which formed element is correctly matched with its primary function?
What is the primary role of platelets in the blood?
What is the primary role of platelets in the blood?
If a patient has a significantly reduced number of platelets, which of the following conditions is MOST likely to occur?
If a patient has a significantly reduced number of platelets, which of the following conditions is MOST likely to occur?
Which of the following best describes hematology?
Which of the following best describes hematology?
Kupffer cells in the liver and spleen perform which critical function related to blood cells?
Kupffer cells in the liver and spleen perform which critical function related to blood cells?
What is the primary function of antibodies found in blood plasma?
What is the primary function of antibodies found in blood plasma?
Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?
Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?
If someone is experiencing an inflammatory response, which component of the blood is directly involved in this process?
If someone is experiencing an inflammatory response, which component of the blood is directly involved in this process?
Flashcards
Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes
Anucleate, biconcave disc-shaped blood cells responsible for oxygen transport.
Platelets
Platelets
Non-cellular fragments that play a crucial role in blood clotting.
Leukocytes
Leukocytes
Large, amoeboid cells involved in protecting the body against infections.
Neutrophils
Neutrophils
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Eosinophils
Eosinophils
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Hematocrit
Hematocrit
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Formed elements of blood
Formed elements of blood
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Blood plasma
Blood plasma
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Functions of blood
Functions of blood
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Transport function of blood
Transport function of blood
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Protection function of blood
Protection function of blood
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Regulation function of blood
Regulation function of blood
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ABO blood groups
ABO blood groups
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Study Notes
Lab 3: Blood - The Liquid Tissue
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Objectives:
- Determine hematocrit
- Explain formed elements' roles in blood
- Identify blood components
- Describe blood plasma components
- Perform ABO blood typing on unknown samples
- Solve simulated real-world problems using blood typing
- Demonstrate ABO and Rh factor genetics
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Blood as a diagnostic tool:
- Blood tests can help exclude suspects in criminal investigations.
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Blood functions:
- Transport:
- Carries oxygen to cells, carbon dioxide away
- Transports nutrients from digestion to cells
- Moves waste from cells to excretory systems (like kidneys)
- Moves stem cells from bone marrow to other body parts
- Protection:
- Involved in inflammation
- White blood cells destroy pathogens
- Antibodies neutralize pathogens and toxins
- Platelets initiate blood clotting
- Regulation:
- Regulates body fluids
- Stabilizes pH
- Regulates body temperature
- Transport:
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Blood Composition:
- Plasma (55%):
- 92% water
- 7% plasma proteins (albumins, globulins, fibrinogen, produced by liver or kidneys)
- 1.5% dissolved solids (electrolytes, nutrients, etc.)
- Formed elements (45%):
- Erythrocytes (red blood cells):
- Anucleate, biconcave discs
- Transport hemoglobin for oxygen transport
- Males (5.4 million/mm³) & Females (4.8 million/mm³)
- Platelets:
- Non-cellular fragments
- Necessary for blood clotting
- Cell count: 250,000-400,000/mm³ (range)
- Leukocytes (white blood cells):
- Involved in protection (diverse functions)
- Include granulocytes and agranulocytes
- Cell counts range from 5000-10,000/mm³ (range)
- Erythrocytes (red blood cells):
- Plasma (55%):
Blood Disorders
- Sickle cell anemia:
- Autosomal recessive disorder
- Erythrocytes become sickle-shaped, reducing oxygen transport
- Symptoms: lethargy, pain, headaches, fever, infections, kidney failure, and paralysis.
Hematocrit
- Hematocrit: measures the red blood cell content in a blood sample
- Normal hematocrit ranges for males (40.7-50.3%) and females (36.1-44.3%)
- Low red blood cell count = Anemia
Blood Typing
- ABO blood types: A, B, AB, O (based on antigens on red blood cells)
- Rh factor: either positive (Rh+) or negative (Rh-) (presence or absence of the D antigen)
- Blood typing importance:
- Donors and recipients need to be compatible to avoid blood transfusions complications
- Important for paternity testing, forensics
- Rh negative individuals may need special consideration in cases of pregnancy
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Description
Explore blood's role in transport, protection, and regulation. Learn to identify blood components, perform ABO blood typing, and understand ABO and Rh factor genetics. Discover how blood tests aid diagnostics.
