IWD_BTECH DEGREE F.Y. I.T. [Unit 1 TO 3] PDF

UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s] 1. 1Int roduct iont...

UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s] 1. 1Int roduct iont oWebDesi gni ng  I nter net I nter neti sdefi nedasanInf ormat ionsuperHi ghway,t oaccessi nfor mat ionov ert he web.Howev er,I tcanbedef inedi nmanyway sasfol l ows:  I nter neti sawor ld- widegl obal syst em ofi nter connect edcomput ernet wor ks.  I nter netusest hest andar dInt ernetPr otocol (TCP/ IP).  Ever ycomput eri nint erneti sident if iedbyauni queI Paddr ess.  I PAddr essi sauni quesetofnumber s(suchas110. 22. 33. 114)whi chi dent if ies acomput erl ocat ion.  Aspeci alcomput erDNS( Domai nNameSer ver )isusedt ogi venamet otheI P Addr esssot hatusercanl ocat eacomput erbyaname.  Forexampl e,aDNSser verwi l lresol veanameht tp: //www. tut ori alspoi nt. com t o apar ti cularI Paddr esst ouni quel yident if ythecomput eronwhi cht hiswebsi te i shosted.  I nter neti saccessi blet oev eryuseral lov ert hewor ld. Int ernetcover salmostev eryaspectofl i fe, onecant hinkof.Her e,wewi l ldi scuss someoft headvant agesofI nternet : 1 UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s]  I nter netal l owsust ocommuni cat ewi tht hepeopl esi tt ingatr emot elocat ions. Ther earevari ousappsavai labl eonthewedt hatusesInt ernetasamedium f or communicat ion.Onecanfi ndvari oussoci alnetworki ngsitessuchas: o Facebook o Twi tt er o Yahoo o Googl e+ o Fl ickr o Or kut  Onecansur fforanyki ndofi nfor mat ionov ert hei nter net.Inf ormat ionr egar ding var ioustopi cssuchasTechnol ogy ,Heal th&Science, Soci alSt udi es, Geographi calI nfor mati on,I nfor mati onTechnol ogy,Pr oduct setccanbesur fed wit hhelpofasearchengi ne.  Apar tfr om communi cat ionandsour ceofi nfor mat ion, int ernetal soser vesa medi um f orent ert ainment.Fol l owi ngar ethev ari ousmodesf orent ert ainment ov eri nter net. o Onl ineTel evi sion o Onl ineGames o Songs o Vi deos o Soci alNet wor kingApps  I nter netal l owsust ousemanyser vicesl i ke: o I nter netBanki ng 2 UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s] o Mat ri moni alSer vices o Onl ineShoppi ng o Onl ineTi cketBooki ng o Onl ineBi l lPay ment o Dat aShar ing o E- mai l  I nter netpr ovi desconceptofel ect roni ccommer ce, thatal l owst hebusi ness deal stobeconduct edonel ect roni csy stems Di sadv ant ages However ,Int ernethaspr oovedtobeapower fulsourceofinf ormat ioni nal mostev ery f iel d,y etthereexist smanydisadv anat gesdi scussedbelow:  Ther ear eal way schancest olooseper sonal inf ormat ionsuchasname, addr ess, cr edi tcar dnumber.Theref ore, oneshouldbever ycar eful whil eshari ngsuch i nfor mati on.Oneshoul dusecredi tcardsonl ythr oughaut hent icat edsit es.  Anot herdi sadv ant agei stheSpammi ng.Spammi ngcor respondst othe unwantede- mailsi nbulk.Thesee- mai l sser venopur poseandl eadt o obst ructi onofenti resy stem.  Vi ruscaneasi l ybespr eadt othecomput ersconnect edt oint ernet.Suchv irus at tacksmaycausey oursy stem t ocr ashory ouri mpor tantdat amaygetdel eted.  Al soabi ggestt hreatoni nter neti spor nogr aphy.Ther ear emanypor nogr aphi c si test hatcanbefound, lett ingy ourchil drent ousei nter netwhi chi ndi rect ly af fect sthechi ldr enhealt hymentall if e. 3  UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s]  Ther ear evar iouswebsi test hatdonotpr ovi det heaut hent icat edi nfor mat ion. Thi sleadst omi sconcept ionamongmanypeopl e  Cl ientSer verAr chi tect ure Thecl i ent-serverarchi t ect ur eisal sot er medasanet work-computing structurebecauseev eryr equestandt hei rassociatedser vi cesaredistr ibut ed overanet wor k.Sonowt hequest ioni showt hethingwor ks?Inthecli ent- serverar chitectur e, whent hecli entcomput ersendsar equestfordatatothe servert hrought heint ernet,theser v eraccept sther equested,pr ocessitand deliverthedat apacket srequest edbackt otheclient.Onespecialfeat ureis thatt heser vercomput erhast hepot enti alt omanagenumer ouscli entsatthe samet ime.Al so,asi nglecl i entcanconnectt onumer ousserversatasingle ti mest amp, wher eeachser v erpr ovidesadifferentsetofser vi cestothat speci fi cclient. Letust akeascenar iowher ewer equi ret oday 'sweat herdat aforourci ty.Ther ewi l lbe someone, i. e., theser veri nwhi chper iodi cupdat esr egar dingt heweat herwi l lbe updat edandst ored.Bef oret heex ist enceofcomput ers, peopl egetsuchnewst hrough t hedai l ynewspaperormayl i stent other adi obr oadcast ingweat hernews.I nthe moder nwor ldwi thcomput ersandser ver s,t her ear etwopar ti cipant s—f ir st, theuser s, whoscr oungef ort heweat herr epor tandt hesecondi stheweat heri nfoup- loader s(i n t heser ver )whopr ovi det heweat her -r elat edi nfor mat ion.Sot heset wopar ti cipant sar e t ermedi ndi vi dual l y.  Fi rstofal l ,consumer swhot ypespeci fi cURLsf orweat herr epor tsandconsume par ti cul ari nfor mat ion.Theyar eal socal l edcust omer s. 4  UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s]  Second, ther ear epr ovi der s,whoupl oadt hei rdat aont hei rsy stem/ ser vert opr ovi de i nfor mat iont hrought heI nter net.Theyar eal socal l edser ver s. So, thecl i ent sandser ver sar etwodi ff erentcomput ersi ndi ff erentpar tsoft hewor ld t hatar econnect edt hrought heI nter net.Howev er, iti snotcompul sor ytohav ethecl i ent , andt heser verr esi desmi l esapar t,r atheri tcoul dremai nwi thi nthesamebui l dingas wel l. So, nowweasausercant ypet hatspeci fi cURL( letsupposeanyweat her -f orecast ing si te)andsur ffort heweat herr epor t.Butsomeaddi ti onal fact orscomei ntoact ionwi th suchonl i nedat agat her ingt echnol ogi es.Yournewspaperorr adi ousesy ourl ocal l anguaget ogi vey out heweat herr epor tandot heri nfor mat ion.But ,fort hecl i ent -ser ver ar chi tect ureont heweb, speci fi cfact orsneedt obeconsi der ed: 1. Aspeci fi csetofl anguagesal ongwi thacommuni cat ionst andar d,excl usi vel ya pr otocol forthei nteract ionoft wosy st ems.Themostpopul arar etheHTTPand HTTPS(HyperTextTransf erProt ocolSecur e). 2. Mechani sm andpr otocol forr equest ingt her equi redaspect sfr om t heser ver.That coul dbeinanyst ruct ureoff ormat teddat a.Mai nlyi mpl ement edandpopul arf ormat s aredonei nXMLandJSON. 3. Next ,theser verr espondsbysendi ngar epl yinast ruct ureoff ormat teddat a,( usual l y XMLorJSON).  Basi csofWebsi te  Websiteisalocat iononwebandishost edonawebser v er.I tisasetof rel atedwebpages.Iti saccessedusi ngI nter netaddr essknownasUnifor m ResourceLocator  St ati cWebsi tes  Stat icwebsi tesareal soknownasf l atorst ationarywebsit es.Theyare l oadedonthecli ent’ sbrowserasexact lyt heyar estoredonthewebser ver. Suchwebsit escontai nonlyst ati cinfor mati on.Usercanonl yreadthe i nformat ionbutcan’ tdoanymodifi cati onorinteractwit htheinfor mation.  St ati cwebsitesar ecreat edusi ngonl yHTML.St ati cwebsitesar eonl yused whenthei nformati onisnomorer equi redt obemodif ied. 5 UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s]  Dy nami cWebsi tes  Dynamicwebsit esshowsdif fer enti nfor mati onatdifferentpoi ntofti me.I tis possi blet ochangeaport ionofawebpagewithoutloadingtheent ir eweb page.I thasbeenmadepossibl eusi ngAjaxt echnology.  Ser ver -si dedy nami cwebpage  I tiscreatedbyusingser ver- sidescri pti ng.Thereareser ver -si descri pti ng par amet ersthatdet ermi nehowt oassembl eanewwebpagewhi chalso i ncludesetti ngupofmor ecl ient- sideprocessi ng.  Cl ient -si dedy nami cwebpage  I tispr ocessedusi ngcli entsi descri pti ngsuchasj avascr ipt.Andt henpassed i ntoDocumentObjectModel(DOM).  Ty pesofWebsi te Basi cWebsi teTy pes 1.Per sonal Websi tes YourInt ernetServiceProvi derorDomai nRegi strarmayof feryoufreeserver spaceforyoutocr eateyourownwebsi tethatmi ghtincludesomef amilyphotos andanonl i nediary.Usuall ythesewi l lhaveawebaddr ess(URL)looking somethingli kethis:www. your -i sp.com/ ~your- user - name/.Thistypeofsit eis usefulf oraf amil y, t eenagers, grandparents,etc.tostayint ouchwitheachother. 2.Phot oShar ingWebsi tes Thesetypesofwebsi tearecroppi nguplikef leasondog.Therear ewebsit es l ike,ht tp: //Fl i ckr. com,photosi teResour cesandInfor mation. ,andGoogl e' s 6 UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s] Picasa.Ther ecouldeasi lybeoverahundredsuchsi test hatof ferf reephot o shari ngpaidforbythei ronli neadver ti sing. 3.Wr it ers/Aut hor sWebsi tes Writ er' sandAuthor' swebsitesar epartofwhat'sknownast heWr i ter 'sor Author' sPl atf ormint hepubli shingbusiness.Theplatformi ncl udes,awebsit e,a Facebookpr esence,blog, Twi t teraccount,andtheoldf ashionedmaili ngli st. Manypubli sherswil laskapr ospecti veclientabouttheirplatf orm. 4.Communi tyBui l dingWebsi tes Soci alWebsi tes, For um Websi tes, andShar ingWebsi tes. Thesewebsitesbuil donl inecommuni ti esofpeopl ewhowantt oint eractwit h otherpeopl esociall yormeetpeoplewhoshar et heiri nter ests.Thebestknown websiteoft histypeispr obablyfacebook.coom.There'salsoLogInorSignUp, andlet' snotforgett heoldFeaturedContentonMy spacejusttomentionafew. 5.Mobi l eDev iceWebsi tes Theuseofmobi l edev i ces(smar tphones,tablet s,watches,et c.)hasbecome ubiqui tous.Oneprobl em i st hatstandardwebsi t esarediff icul ttov i ewandsomet i nes takealongtimetodownloadonsomeoft hesedev i ceswiththeirsmal lscreensand wirel essconnecti ons.Websiteswhosepagesar enarrowerinwidthandtakeupless bandwidthworkmuchbet t erf ormobiledevices. 6.Bl ogs Peopletookthewor dsWebLogsandshor tenedi ttoBlogs—onl inedi ari es,j our nals, or edi torial s,ify ouwi l l.My,howBlogshavetakenovertheI nter net.Apersonusedt obe outdatedifhe/shedidnothav eawebsi t e,nowhav i ngablogisderi geur.Ablogowner wil llog-ondail y,weekly ,orwhenever ,andwr i teaboutwhatev eri sgoingonint heirli ves orbusiness,ortheymaycommentonpol iti csandnews. 7. Inf ormat ional Websi tes Amaj orinformationalsi teiswikipedi a.org,theonli neency cl opedia.Andi ti s uni que, becausei tal lowsmember stocont r ibuteandeditarti cles.Nowy our smallbusinessmaynotwantsuchacompr ehensivesi te,butifyouhav e i nformat i ont oshareorsell , aninfor mat i onal websit ewoul dfi llthebil l.Suppose youhaveal andscapingbusiness.Youcoul dcreat eawebsi t ethatlist splants wit hthei rdefini ti onsandpl anti ngandcar inginstr ucti ons. 8.Onl i neBusi nessBr ochur e/Cat alog 7 UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s] I nt hedaysbeforetheInternet,weusedthepri nt,r adio,andtel evisi onmedi atospr ead thewordaboutourbusi nesses.Nowwecancastal argenet,r eachinglit eral l ymi ll ions ofpeoplealoverthewor l dwi thjustonewebsi te.Withyouronli nebr ochur eorcat alog, youcanshowany onewhol ooksforandfi ndsyourwebsite, photosanddescr ipt ionsof yourproduct sorser v ices. 9.Di rect oryWebsi tes Justasweusedt ousethepr i ntedYel lowPagesi nphonebookst ofi ndser vi cesand businesses,t odaywehav ewebsi t edi r ectories.TheYel lowPageshasone, YP.com | TheReal Yell owPages.Direct oriescanbededi catedtoacer tai ntopi cori ndustry ,or theycanencompassgeogr aphicalareas.Sear chEngi nes,such asGoogl eandYahoocanbeconsi dereddirectories,butsincethei rdatabasesar eso l arge,rathert hansear chingalphabet i call y,oneent ersasear chter mint hesearchf i eld. 10.E- commer ceWebsi tes EverhearofOnli neShoppingf orElectr onics, Apparel,Comput ers,Books, DVDs&mor e?It 'soneofthegr and-daddiesofal le-commer cewebsi tes.But youdon'thavetobeanAmazont osellyourpr oductsonline.Thereare mill ionsofsmallbusi nesseswhouset heire- commer cewebsitestosel lt heir productsovert heInter net.Justaboutany thi ngt hatcanbesol di nabr i ck-and -mortarst orecanbesoldonline—wi thmuchl essov erhead! 11.Por tfol i o Onlineport fol ioi scoll ect i onofimages,mul ti media,emails, blogentr ies, andhyperl i nks thataremanagedonline.Itcanbeseenasakindoflear ningrecor dthatprov ides actualevi denceofachievement. Ty pes Ther ear ethr eet ypesofonl i nepor tfol i o: 1.Dev elopment al( e.g.wor king) 2.Ref lect ive( e.g.l ear ning) 3.Repr esent ati onal (e. g.showcase) Devel opmentalpor tfol i ocont ainsal lthet hingst hatani ndi vi dual hasdoneov era per iodoft ime. Ref lect ivepor tfol i ocont ainsper sonal ref lect ionont hecont ent. Repr esent ati onalonl i nepor tfol i oref erst olear ner ’sachi evementi napar ti cul arwor k. 8 UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s]  WebPubl ishi ng Websi tepubl i shi ngi sthepr ocessofupl oadi ngcont entont hei nter net.Iti ncl udes:  upl oadi ngf il es  updat ingwebpages  post ingbl ogs Websit eispubl ishedbyupl oadi ngf il esont her emot eser verwhi chi spr ovi dedbyt he host ingcompany. Pr erequi sit esf orWebsi tePubl i shi ng I nor dert opubl i shy oursi te, youneedt hef oll owi ngt hings:  Webdev elopmentsof twar e  I nter netConnect ion  WebSer ver Webdev elopmentsof twar e Iti susedforbui l dingwebpagesfory ourwebsi te.Dr eamweav erandWor dPr essar e exampleofwebdevel opmentsof twares. I nter netConnect ion I nter netconnect ioni srequi redt oconnectt oar emot elyl ocat edwebser ver. WebSer ver Webserveri stheactual locat ionwherey ourwebsi teresi deson.Awebser vermay hostsi ngl eormulti plesi tesdependi ngonwhathosti ngserv iceyouhav epaidf or.  WebCont ent s Cont entTy pe Cont entTy peisal soknownasMI ME( Multi purposei nter netMai lExtensi on) Type.I tis aHTTPheadert hatpr ovi dest hedescr ipt ionaboutwhatarey ousendingtot hebrowser. MIMEisani nter netst andar dthatisusedf orext endingthel i mi t edcapabi l iti esofemai l byal l owingt heinser ti onofsounds,i magesandtextinamessage. Thef eat urespr ovi dedbyMI MEt otheemai lser vicesar easgi venbel ow: 9 UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s] o I tsuppor tst henon- ASCI Ichar act ers o I tsuppor tst hemul ti pleat tachment sinasi ngl emessage o I tsuppor tst heat tachmentwhi chcont ainsexecut abl eaudi o,i magesandv ideo f il eset c. o I tsuppor tst heunl i mit edmessagel engt h. Li stofCont entTy pe Ther ear emanycont entt ypes.Thecommonl yusedcont entt ypesar egi venbel ow: o t ext /ht ml o t ext /pl ain o appl i cat ion/ mswor d o appl i cat ion/ vnd. ms- excel o appl i cat ion/ jar o appl i cat ion/ pdf o appl i cat ion/ oct et- str eam o appl i cat ion/ x-zi p o i mages/ jpeg o i mages/ png o i mages/ gif o audi o/mp3 o v ideo/ mp4 o v ideo/ qui ckt imeet c  St ati candDy nami cwebCont ent s Websi te Websit eisacollect ionofrel atedwebpagesthatmaycontai ntext ,images, audi oand vi deo.Thefi rstpageofawebsi t eiscall edhomepage.Eachwebsit ehasspecif ic i nter netaddr ess( URL)thaty ouneedt oent erinyourbr owsertoaccessawebsi te. Websit eishostedononeormoreserver sandcanbeaccessedbyvi sit ingi ts homepageusingacomputernet work.Awebsi tei smanagedbyi t sownerthatcanbean i ndiv idual ,companyoranorgani zat ion. 10 UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s] Awebsi tecanbeoft wot ypes: o St ati cWebsi te o Dy nami cWebsi te St ati cwebsi te Stat icwebsit eist hebasict ypeofwebsi tet hati seasyt ocr eat e.Youdon' tneedthe knowledgeofwebpr ogramminganddat abasedesi gnt ocr eat eastat icwebsit e.I tsweb pagesarecodedi nHTML. Thecodesar ef i xedf oreachpagesothei nfor mat ioncont ainedi nthepagedoesnot changeandi tlooksl i keaprint edpage. Dy nami cwebsi te Dynamicwebsi teisacollect ionofdynami cwebpageswhosecont entchanges dynamical ly.I taccessescontentf rom adatabaseorContentManagementSy st em (CMS).Therefore,wheny oualt erorupdat et hecont entofthedat abase,thecontentof thewebsit ei salsoalter edorupdated. Dynami cwebsit eusescl i ent -si descr ipt ingorser ver -si descr ipt ing, orbot htogener ate dy namiccont ent. Cli entsidescr ipt inggenerat escontentatthecli entcomputeront hebasisofuseri nput. Thewebbr owserdownloadsthewebpagef rom theser verandpr ocessesthecode wit hinthepagetorenderinf ormati ontot heuser. I nserv ersidescr ipt ing, thesoft warerunsont heser verandpr ocessi ngi scompl etedi n t heservert henpl ainpagesaresentt ot heuser. 11 UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s] St ati cvsDy nami cwebsi te St ati cWebsi te Dy nami cWebsi te Prebui ltcontenti ssameev eryt ime Contenti sgener atedqui ckl yandchanges thepageisloaded. regul arl y. I tusestheHTMLcodefor Itusestheserv ersidel anguagessuch dev elopi ngawebsi te. asPHP, SERVLET,JSP, andASP. NETetc. fordevelopi ngawebsit e. I tsendsexact lyt hesamer esponse I tmaygener atedi ff erentHTMLf oreach f orever yrequest. oft her equest. Thecontenti sonlychangedwhen Thepagecontai ns"serv er- side"code someonepubli shesandupdates whichal l owst heserv ertogeneratethe thef il e(sendsitt othewebser v er). uni quecontentwhenthepageisloaded. Fl exi bil i tyi sthemai nadv ant ageof ContentManagementSystem (CMS)i s st ati cwebsi te. themainadvantageofdy nami cwebsi te. 12  UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s]  Howt ohostaWebsi te Let ’sl nhowt ear ohostawebsi teony ourowni fyouar eanewbi e. Thefir stthi ngt oconsi derwhenst ar ti ngyourwebsiteist ochooseawebhost ing 1 prov ider( ifyoualreadyhaveawebdomai n).Thewebhostingprov iderprovi dest he webspace( i.e.speci alcomputerscall edwebser v ers)whereyourwebsit ef i l esar e st ored,aswellasthetechnol ogiesandservicesneededforyourwebsit et obeviewed ontheInt ernet. Add-onser v icesprovi dedbyawebhost ingprov idert ypi cal l yincl udedatabackup, fi rewallprot ection, techni calsuppor t,email servi ces, domainnameregi str ati on,websi te buil dingtools,andappli cat ions. Ifyou’ rej uststar ti ngout,it ’sagoodideatogety ourdomainandhost ingfrom t hesame company.Thiswil lensureyourdomaini sseamlessl yandconveni ent lyconfi guredwi th yourwebhostingaccount. Youcanbuyy ourdomainandweb- host ingfrom mult ipleprov iders,i ncl udi ngHost Gator I ndia.Butdi dy ouknowt hatHostGat orIndi a’saward-winni nghost i ngservi cesareideal forpr osandbegi nnerswit hlit tl eornotechnicalski ll s?Theyof f ery ouasupereasyway tosetup(wi thj ustonecli ck)andmanagey ourwebsitecost- effect ivel ywith:  Roundt hecl ocksuppor t 2  Unl imi ted st orage  Unl imi ted( prof essi onal )emai laddr esses ( wit hUnl i mit edAut oresponder s,Mai lFor war ds, Emai lAl i ases, Mai l ingLi sts, etc. )  1- cli cki nst all ati on ( Wor dPr ess,Jooml a,Magent o,Dr upal ,phpBB, Gal l eryandmanyot herCMSs)  Lat estcPanel St epst oHostaWebsi te: St ep1:Deci deWhatTy peofWebsi teYouWant Youwi l lty pical l yfi nd2t ypesofwebsi tes:  St ati corBasi cWebsi tes:St ati cwebsi tesar esi mpl ewebsi teswi thoneormor eweb pages( cal l edHTMLpages).Youcanbui l dthem ony ourcomput erwi thsof twar eli ke 13  UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s] Dreamweav erandt henupl oadt hepagest oy ourhost ’sser verusi nganyFTPsof t war e (suchasFi leZilla).Whenev ery ouneedt omakechangest oy ourwebsi te,you’ l lhav eto editthepagesony ourcomput erandupl oadt hem again.Si ncet heycannotbe modi fieddy nami cal l y , suchwebsi t esar ecal l edst at icwebsi tes.Stati cwebsi t esar e cheapert handy nami cwebsi tes(below)butcomewi t hlimi tedf unctionalityandno opt i onf ore- commer ceori nt eracti vity.  Dy nami cWebsi tes:Dy nami cwebsi tescont aini nfor mat iont hatchanges, dependi ng ont het i meofday ,thev iewerandot herf actor s.Theymakeuseofbot hcl ient-sideand server-si descr ipt st ocr eateandupdat econt ent.Cli ent-sidescr i pts,whi chr unona user ’ scomput er ,aremai nlyusedf orappear anceandi nteract i onpur poses.Ser ver- side scripts, whi chr esi deonaser v erandar eext ensi velyusedbyE- commer ceandsoci al networ kingsi tes, allowuser st ohav eindividual accountsandpr ov i deacust omi zed responsef oreachuser.Dy nami cwebsi tesar eCMS- dri v en,andal l owy out odi rectl y addandedi tcont ent( i.e.t ext ,desi gn, phot os, andv ideos),aswel l aslety ourv isit ors l eav ecomment sandst artdi scussions.Dy nami cwebsi tesar ei deal f orbusi nessesand organi zat i ons.Exampl esofdy namicwebsi tesi ncludebl ogs, forums, phot ogal leri es ande- commer cesi tes. Inst all ingawebappli cati onsoftwarel ikeWordPress, Joomla, Magent o,et c.maysound complicat edbuti t’ snot.HostGatorI ndiaal lowsyouone-cl i ckinst all ationofweb appli cati onsandprov idesfr iendl y24/7/365supportt omakeiteasy. St ep2:ChooseYourHost ingSer ver Unli kest aticHTMLsit eswhichcanbehostedonmostwebser ver s,whenitcomest o webappli cati ons, ther earebasi cal lytwot y pesofhost ingpl atf orms.Dependingony our hosti ngneedsandwhaty ou’remostcomfortabl ewit h,youcanchoosefr om:  Li nuxHost ing, whi chal l owsr unni ngscr ipt swr it teni nPHP, Per l,Py thonandot herUni x - origi natedlanguages,andusual lysuppor t sPostgr eSQLandMy SQLdatabases.This i sthemostcommonl yusedsystem today.  WindowsHost i ng,whichall owsr unningASPscri ptsut il izi ng. NETandot herMicrosoft t echnologies,andsupportsMicr osof tSQLServ erandAccessdatabase. Youcangowit heit herLi nuxhost ingorWindowshosti ng,r egardl essofwhichoper ati ng syst em y ouuseathomeoratwork.I fyourwebsi tedoesn’ trequi reanyscr ipt ing 14  UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s] suppor t,you’ ll findLi nuxhosti ngmorecost- effect ive.Buti fyourwebsi teneedsscri pti ng anddatabasesuppor t,choosethepl atf ormthatsupportst hetechnol ogiesyouuse. St ep3:Sel ectYourWebHost ingPl an Youwi l lty pical l yfi ndawi der angeofser vicesi nwebhost ing, suchas:  Shar edHost ing:I nshar edhost ing, yougett oshar ethephy sical ser verwi thot her websi teowner s.Howev er,y ouwi l lhav eyourownsepar ateaccount( secur edwi th l ogi ncr edentials).Shar edhost ingi sv eryaffordablebecauset hecostofoper atingt he serveri sshar edbet weeny ouandt heot herwebsi t eowner s.  VPSHos t ing( VirtualPr ivateSer verHost ing):InVPShost i ng, everywebsi teisst ored onav erypower ful servert hati sdi vi dedi ntosev eralvi rtual compar tment s.Theser ver softwar eisconf i gur edsepar atelysot hateachuni tcanf unct i oni ndependent l y.It shoul dbey ourpr eferredopt i oni fyouhav ehigh-securit yconcer nsbutdon’ twantt o i nv esti naf aster( butcost l ier)dedi catedser ver.  De dicatedHost ing:Dedi cat edhost i ngof fersyouanent ireser verforyour self ,ther eby maki ngi tfaster,mor esecur e…andcost l ier.I tist heideal solutionforlar ger businessesandhi gh-trafficwebsi tesbecausei tall owsf ormaxi mum cust omi zation, configur ati on, i nst all ationandf lexibil i t y.  CloudHost i ng:Cl oudhost ingal lowsmul ti plev i rtualserver s(clouds)towor ktoget her tohostawebsi teoragr oupofwebsi tes.Itoffersunl i mitedabi li tytohandl esudden traff icspi kes.Acl oud-host edwebsi teisnotl i mi tedtoasi ngleser ver ,andt he resour cesal l ocat edt oi tcanshr inkorexpanddy nami cally,dependi ngonhowmuch traff icy ouget.It’sagr eatopt i onf orlargewebsi tes,i ncludi nge- commer cewebsi tes, newsl ettersandbl ogs. Mostpeoplestar twi thVPS(orevenshared)host ingandupgradelat erasthei rbusi ness grows.VPShosti nggiv esyouprofessi onalwebhosti ngcapabil it iesatafarl owerpri ce thanadedi catedser ver. St ep4:ChangeYourDNSAddr ess Aft eryouhavepur chasedyourwebhosti ng,youwill getNameServers( alsoknownas DomainNameServersorDNS)–whichistheInt ernet’ sequi val entofaphonebookthat cont ainsI PAddresses3. Togetyourwebsi teupandworki ng,youwil lneedtochangetheNameSer v ersofyour 15  UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s] domai n.I t’ sasi mpl ebutmandat oryst epf ory out ogetst art ed. 1.GotoyourDomainContr ol Panelvi ahtt p:/ /manage. host gat or. in/ cust omer. 2.Ent ery ourregi steredemailaddressandpasswor d. 3.Cli ckont heDomainNamef orwhichyouneedtochangetheNameServers. 4.IntheDomainRegist rati onsect ion,cl ickontheNameServersopt ion. 5.Replacetheexi sti ngNameSer v erswiththeonesprovi dedbyyourcurr entwebhost , andclickontheUpdateNameSer ver sbutton. I fy ouhav eregi steredyourdomai nnamewi thathir dpar t yprov ider,youwil lneedt ol og i nt ot hei rControlPanel , updatetheNameSer v ersoft hedomai ntothoseprovidedby HostGat or.However,i fyourdomai nisalr eadyusingtheNameSer versofthethir dparty provider,y oucanaddanARecor dfort hedomai npointingtoHostGator’ sServerIPin thethirdPartyDNSZone. Aftery ouhavechangedy ourDNS,itwi llt akeabout24- 48hoursforyourwebsitetostar t resolvingtoHostGatorIndia’sser vers. St ep5:Upl oadYourWebsi te Youcannowuploady ourwebsitet oyouraccountbyconnect ingt otheser verusi ng ei thercPanel ’ sFi leManagerorFTPCl ient(suchasFi leZi ll a)–aft erwhi chyourwebsi te wil lgoli ve.  Howt oUpl oadYourWebsi teUsi ngcPanelFi leManager 1.Logintoy ourcPanel. 2.Cli ckonthei conti tl edFi l eManager. 3.Sel ectWebRootandcl ickonGo. 4.Addallt hef il esandfoldersunderpubl i c_htmlandt hei rrespect ivedomai nfol der.  Howt oUploadYourWebsi t eUsingFTPClient YoucanconnecttoFTPviaanFTPpr ogram suchasFi l eZil laCl ient.Itall owsyoutosee thef il esandfolder sonourserverli key ou’dseethem onyourcomputer.Youcanuseit todr aganddropy ourwebsi te’ sfi lesintot he/publ ic_ht ml/fol der. Toconnectt oy ourwebservervi aFileZil la,fol lowthesest eps: 1.I nstall FileZi ll aandopeni t 2.From t heFi l emenu, sel ectSiteManager 3.Cli ckonNewSi te 4.Namet heNewSi te–suchaswi thyourrealdomainname 5.Enteryourwebsit e’sIPaddressint hefieldmarkedFTPAddress 6.Entert heuser nameandpasswor dyour ecei vedinyourwel comemai l 16 UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s] 7.SetthePor tto21( FTPal way srunsonPor t21) 8.Cli ckConnect Oncey ourFTPi sconnect ed, youwi l lseet hef il esandf older sofy our :  Local comput eront hel eft  Webhost ingser viceont her ight Toupl oadf il est oyourhost ingser vicepr ovi derv iaFi l eZi l la, fol l owt hesest eps: 1.From thelef t- handsi deofFi l eZil la,selectt hefile( s)andf ol der(s)y ouwantt oupload. 2.Draganddr opt hefil e(s)andf ol der(s)tothedirect or yl ocati onont herightsideof yourwebhost ingservice.Fi leZil l awi llnowstartuploadi ng. 3.Aftert heuploadi ngisfini shed,Fil eZill alogwill conf ir m successandy ouruploadswill bev i sibl eont her i ght- handsi de. Vi ola!Yourwebsi tei snowl i ve. 1. 2Int roduct iont oHTML  Component sofHTML– Basi cHTMLTags Tag Descr ipt ion Def inest hedocumentt ype Def inesanHTMLdocument Def inesi nfor mat ionaboutt hedocument 17 UNI T1.I ntr oduct ionToWebDesi gni ngandHTML:[ Linki ngHTMLDocument s] Def inesat it lef ort hedocument Def inest hedocument 'sbody t o Def inesHTMLheadi ngs Def inesapar agr aph I nser tsasi ngl eli nebr eak Def inesat hemat icchangei nthecont