Industrial Revolution - Chapter 9 PDF

Chapter 9: The Industrial Revolution Section 1: The Beginnings of Industrialization  Main Idea  The Industrial Revolution starts in England and soon spreads to other countries.  Terms & Names  Industrial Revolution  Enclosure Movement  Crop Rotation  Indus...

Chapter 9: The Industrial Revolution Section 1: The Beginnings of Industrialization  Main Idea  The Industrial Revolution starts in England and soon spreads to other countries.  Terms & Names  Industrial Revolution  Enclosure Movement  Crop Rotation  Industrialization  Factors of Production  Factory  Entrepreneur Industrial Revolution Begins in Britain  Industrial Revolution Begins in Britain  The Agricultural Revolution Paves the Way  Enclosures—large farm fields enclosed by fences or hedges  Wealthy landowners buy, enclose land once owned by village farmers.  Enclosures allowed experimentation with new agricultural methods  Industrial Revolution Begins in Britain  Why the Industrial Revolution Began in England? 1-Natural Resources -The small island country had extensive natural resources These natural resources included water power and coal to fuel the new machines iron ore to construct machines, tools, and buildings rivers for inland transportation harbors from which merchant ships set sail. 2-Expanding economy in Britain encourages investment. Britain’s highly developed banking system also contributed to the country’s industrialization.  Industrial Revolution Begins in Britain  Why the Industrial Revolution Began in England? 3- Britain’s political stability - It gave the country a tremendous advantage over its neighbors. Though Britain took part in many wars during the 1700s, none occurred on British soil. 4- Factors of production - land, labor, capital (Wealth). Factors of production are the resource needed to produce goods and services that the Industrial Revolution required. A Revolution in Textile  Identify Problem and Solution: How did machines solve problems that weavers faced?  Cotton Gin Spinning Jenny  Flying Shuttle Spinning Frame Improvements in Transportation Matthew Boulton James Watt  Steam engine designed by Boulton & Watt. Engraving of a 1784 engine. Reproduction of James Watt's steam engine Improvements in Transportation Fulton’s North River Steamboat as it appeared in 1807, later named Clermont Improvements in Transportation  Road Transportation The A4 is a historic major road in England,  British roads are portions of improved; companies which are operate them as toll known as the roads. These were Great West called “turnpike”. Road and Bath Road.  The Railway Age Begins  Steam-Driven Locomotives  In 1804, Richard Trevithick builds first steam-driven locomotive (a powered railway vehicle used for pulling trains.) Trevithick's No. 14 engine, built by Hazledine and Co., Bridgnorth, about 1804, and illustrated after being rescued circa 1885; from Scientific American Supplement, Vol. XIX, No. 470, January 3, 1885.  The Railway Age Begins  Railroads Revolutionize Life in Britain  Railroads spur industrial growth, create jobs  Cheaper transportation boosts many industries; people move to cities