Human Factors Affecting Development.pptx

Human Factors Affecting Development Culture • grounded in its heritage, some cultures may be resistant to change • different cultural viewpoints (conservative/liberal etc.) • Impact of religious views and ‘old country’ viewpoints (eg European, Labour and Markets • labour force available to work...

Human Factors Affecting Development Culture • grounded in its heritage, some cultures may be resistant to change • different cultural viewpoints (conservative/liberal etc.) • Impact of religious views and ‘old country’ viewpoints (eg European, Labour and Markets • labour force available to work • proximity to markets • Wages are important; when wages increase, employers increasingly turn to automation or outsourcing, reducing jobs Government Support • tariffs on imports (federal) • Tax breaks (all levels) • Waterloo Region and local development $ for the • downtown core • Cash incentives (all levels) • Waterloo Region and local development $ • the ION Foreign Investment • Transnational corporations (TNCs) operate in host countries, but are controlled by shareholders • Creates jobs, introduces new technologies, trades, training… Transportation • infrastructure development • quality roads, energy supply, transportation sectors “The Waterloo-Toronto Tech Corridor” Challenges Facing Developing Countries • Illiteracy – brain-drain, reading, writing • Lack of Infrastructure – lacking the capital to create the infrastructure needed (see tech corridor) Challenges Facing Developing Countries • Unstable Governments – fast change over makes it hard to implement policy • Lack of Resources – energy, natural materials needed to fuel development Challenges Facing Developed Countries • Pollution – production of wastes faster than nature can handle it (greenhouse gases, mercury, lead, smog…) • Resource Depletion – many resources are non-renewable (oil, coal, minerals, water, air) Challenges Facing Developed Countries • Job Losses – cheap labour and lax environmental policies in developing countries lures jobs away • A Strong Canadian dollar – the U.S. is our largest trading partner; if we can’t compete with US, jobs are lost