Horses PDF

Horses-General Features Horses(Equus Caballus), ponies, and other domesticated species can be named in variety of ways HotBloods-thoroughbreds and Arabians Warmbloods-Trakehners and Friesians ColdBloods-Clydedale and belgians Horse Uses World for pleasure Working cattle Draft animals...

Horses-General Features Horses(Equus Caballus), ponies, and other domesticated species can be named in variety of ways HotBloods-thoroughbreds and Arabians Warmbloods-Trakehners and Friesians ColdBloods-Clydedale and belgians Horse Uses World for pleasure Working cattle Draft animals On and off-farm uses Colors Bay: Brown body with black mane, tail and lower legs Black: No brown areas including on the muzzle and flanks pure black Chestnut: Red horse with a mane and tail close to the same shade as the body White: Stays white has pink skin Gray: Born any color gradually graying unit completely white; has black skin BuckSkin: yellow body with black mane tail and legs Palomino: Golden color body with light white or flaxen mane and tail Overo: color Pattern white wont cross between black withers and tail Tobiano:Color pattern head marking are solid colored spots are often rounded tail is frequently two colors Roan: white hairs intermingled with on or two basic coat Colore MAJOR GAITS OF HORSES Walk: 4 Beat Gait Trot: 2 Beat gait Canter: 3 Beat gait Gallop: 4 Beat gait Pace: 2 Beat gait LIGHT HORSE BREED Generally Used for riding,racing, or driving Generally stand 14.2 to 17 hands high qeight is usually 400-635 Thoroughbred- exel racing known for their fitness Quarter horse- Popular Horse in the U.S Stock for racing or pleasure Sprint faster short distance Arabian- Show horse endurance racing and pleasure Morgan-Endurance Manageability And versatility Smaller breed of light horse Dr Ozzie owns one Appaloosa- 4 characteristics Coat,mottled skin, white sclera of the eye,vertical black and white stripped hooves To be registered You need ¾ to be considered one HEAVY HORSE BREEDS Draft or cooblood Strong heavy wide Weigh 680 to910kg 16to-19 hands high Clydesdale Scottish breed famous In The u.s by Budweiser Bay Common color Usually white legs/face markings feather legs Used for farms traditionally Now show ride pleasure Percheron Og in france Black or gray 19 hands 1180kg Belgian Og in Belgium Bay, chestnut, and Roan common colors Flaxen mane and tail White blaze face Feral breed Domesticated horses that do jack shit and is managed in wildlife Austrian brumby The group is called a mob Belonged to EU settlers now found in northern territory American Mustang Brought to the America's by Columbus in 1493 Wild horse Annie Act of 1971 protects Mustangs Group called Band GAITED BREED Selectively bred for ambling gait sought after smooth skin easy ride intermediate speed Tennessee walking horse Unique four walk Beat running Calm sure-footed flashy movement Icelandic Horse og In Iceland 2 gaits tolt flying pace PONY BREED 14 hand 225-400 kg Shetland pony Used for children With harness 11.2 hand Four types of Foundation classic modern and modern pleasure Welsh pony Rugged and self Reliant Withstand harsh winters POA Small horse Appaloosa color 11.2 and 14 hands Donkeys' asses and mules Horse family equine Donkeys Onagers Mules(Equus asinus x Equus cabaluus) TERMINOLOGY Stallion-Mature intact male horse Mare-mature female horse Foal-Young horse (M-Colt F-filly) Gelding-castrated male horse Jack-male donkey Jenny-female donkey John-male mule Molly-Female mule PARTS OF HORSES Conformation Back-should be leveled not to short nor too long Shoulder-long and at 45-55 degrees Forearm-Should be long Cannon-should be short Hindquarters-The mortar of horse Pasterns- Should be moderately long and moderately sloping. If too straight, there will be no shock absorption and will have rough gaits If too sloping, ligament and tendon strain will result. BREEDING Ai is most common for a wider selection of stallions, pregnancy rates and improved for the mare stallion and the handlers APPLIED NUTRITION Horses are known as Hind-gut fermenters Microbial cecum and colon High fiber diet is digestible but needs to be balanced for all nutrients, especially protein Horses cannot utilize microbes as a major protein source APPROACHING/HANDLING A HORSE Horses have a blind spot that is in front or to their rear Never approach a horse from behind Make sure the rope never wraps around your hands