Equine Science Chapter 3 PDF

Chapter 3 Breeds, Types, and Classes of Horses Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Learning Objectives Describe how horse breeds started with foundation stallions. Understand the concept of breed, types, and classifications. Describe the common height measur...

Chapter 3 Breeds, Types, and Classes of Horses Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Learning Objectives Describe how horse breeds started with foundation stallions. Understand the concept of breed, types, and classifications. Describe the common height measurement for horses. Define the terms warmblood, coldblood, cob, and hack. Cont. Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Learning Objectives Name 10 common breeds of light horses and their origin. Name five common breeds of draft horses and their origin. Name five common breeds of ponies and their origin. List five color breeds of horses. Cont. Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Learning Objectives Name five lesser-known breeds of horses or ponies and their origin. Explain the origin of feral horses. Describe how mules are produced. List 10 uses for horses. Describe some of the uses for miniature donkeys and horses. List six uses for mules. Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Introduction Through selection, inbreeding, and outcrossing, humans created horses for speed, strength, endurance, size, good nature, hardiness, beauty, and athletic ability This chapter acquaints the reader with the breeds of horses and the methods and terms used to group the breeds Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Breeds OVERVIEW Horses with a common ancestry Breed true to produce common characteristics Function Conformation Color Cont. Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Breeds OVERVIEW Recognized breeds Stud book and breeding records Foundation sires Registries Color requirements Conformation standards Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Classification and Types OVERVIEW Depend on height and weight Top of the withers to the ground Common measurement of horse height is the hand A hand is equal to 4 inches Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Classification and Types HORSE CLASSIFICATIONS Light, draft, or pony Riding, racing, driving, jumping, or utility Warmblood, coldblood, or pony Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Classification and Types TYPES AND USES Cobs Sturdy, placid horses Not heavy or coarse enough to be classified as draft animals Hacks Enjoyable Riding or driving Cont. Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Classification and Types TYPES AND USES Uses Riding Racing Driving All-purpose Miniature Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Common Breed of Horses OVERVIEW Well-Known Breeds of Horses, Table 3-1 Names Origins Classifications Heights Colors Cont. Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Ponies Types of Ponies by use – Pony of The Americas – Welsh pony and Cob (POA) 14.2 hands or less 46-54 inches Sturdy, placid horse – Miniature horse Not heavy or coarse 34 inches or under enough for draft animal – Shetland Pony Good for riding or 34-38 inches driving – Hackney Pony Good Harness horses Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Miniature Horses OVERVIEW Scaled-down versions of a full-size horse Not dwarfs Not a breed Miniature Horse Registry Maximum height is 34 inches at the withers Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Miniature Horses USES Kept as pets Exhibited as driving horses Single pleasure and roadster classes Multiple hitches Ridden by small children Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Gaited Breeds Along with the walk, trot, canter, and gallop gaits, these breeds have additional smooth gaits ideal for extended riding periods (trail rides). They can maintain the gait without expending a lot of energy. Standardbred, Saddlebred, Tennessee walker, Missouri Fox Trotter, Paso Fino, Peruvian Paso, Icelandic Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Rare Breeds OVERVIEW Some breeds are threatened Agriculture has changed Traditional livestock breeds Lost popularity Important resource for future biodiversity Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Rare Breeds CLASSIFICATIONS Critical Threatened Watch Recovering Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Wild Horses OVERVIEW Feral horses Once domesticated Have become wild Also called mustangs Habitats Public lands Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Wild Horses PROTECTION Two federal laws Public Laws 86-234 Public Laws 92-195 Excessive animals made available to the public National Adopt-A-Horse and Burro Program Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Donkeys REGISTERED BREEDS American Donkey and Mule Society Mammoth jack Large standard donkey Standard donkey American Spotted Ass Miniature Mediterranean donkey Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Donkeys MINIATURE DONKEY Miniature Donkey Registry of the United States Governed by the American Donkey and Mule Society Founded in 1958 Only requirement is that it be 36 inches or less in height Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Mules OVERVIEW Cross between a donkey and a horse Named according to parentage Mule Offspring of a male donkey and a female horse Hinny Cross between a male horse and a female donkey Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Mules CLASSIFICATIONS Historical classifications Draft and sugar mules Farm and cotton mules Pack and mining mules Today’s classifications Draft, pack/work, saddle, driving, jumping, or miniature Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Mules ZEBRA HYBRIDS Zebroid Zebra and equine Zorse Zebrass Zebroid Ze-donk Zony Zeony Copyright © 2019, Cengage  Summary Worldwide, about 300 breeds of horses exist Horses breeding true or with a common ancestry are registered in breed registry associations The type of mule that results depends on the breed and type of donkey and horse used in the cross Copyright © 2019, Cengage