History of Health Care and Health Care Pathways.pdf

History of Healthcare and Healthcare Pathways... How did it all begin? Where can you go now? Prehistory and the Ancient World For as long as human beings have lived on this planet, we have practiced medicine in some form. Some cultures credited health and illness to the moods of the gods, while...

History of Healthcare and Healthcare Pathways... How did it all begin? Where can you go now? Prehistory and the Ancient World For as long as human beings have lived on this planet, we have practiced medicine in some form. Some cultures credited health and illness to the moods of the gods, while others used reason to attempt to explain the causes of disease. Healers in ancient times used natural remedies such as diest, rest and medications made from herbs and other plants, they even performed surgery. Religion played an important role as well. Caduceus Insignia which is the symbol for the physician Was adopted in ancient times stemming from the Greek God of healing Asclepius Symbol was a snake Hippocrates The father of Western medicine Advised that fresh air, exercise and healthy food were practices to both prevent and cure illness. Practiced and taught medicine around 400 B.C. His students followed a strict ethical code, which they swore to maintain their clients privacy and never deliberately harm the,. This code the “Hippocratic Oath”, continues today. Galen A greek trained by the Egyptians Appointed as a physician to the gladiators, he used his skills as a surgeon to treat the injured. Documented the importance of the spinal cord to the movement of the limbs Described how to cure breathing difficulties by performing a tracheotomy, a surgical opening of the trachea or wind pipe. Barber - Surgeons Performed surgery to treat cataracts, and practiced phlebotomy (bloodletting). Also served with the military and treated injuries → amputated limbs and burned stumps to seal the blood vessels Striped pole at barber shops Smallpox and Vaccinations Edward Jenner discovered that milkmaids exposed to cowpox did not get smallpox Around 1796 he began inoculating people with the fluid from cowpox blisters, and the practice of vaccinations was born Medical Asepsis State of being free from disease causing microorganisms Joseph Lister insisted on the use of carbolic soap to disinfect instruments and clean hands before doctors moved to another client - disinfecting surgical equipment was born. Pathogens Robert Koch discovered pathogens, which are disease-producing microorganisms and are the source of some diseases Beginning of modern bacteriology → study of bacteria Penicillin Discovered by Alexander Flemming Mass production of penicillin began in 1943, and the age of antibiotics had arrived Prevention of serious disease Antibiotics are slowly losing their effectiveness. Why? a. Overuse b. Evolution → bacteria is changing  Career Pathways 1. Therapeutic Service: occupations focused on directly changing the health status of patients over time through direct care, treatment, counselling, or health education information. 2. Diagnostic Service: facilitates the provision of timely, cost-effective, and high quality care that work to identify an issue or concern in safe and secure environments. 3. Health Informatics: uses information technology to organize and analyze health records to improve healthcare outcomes. Health Informatics deals with the resources, devices and methods to utilize acquisition, storage, retrieval, and use of information in health and medicine. Career Pathways continued... 4. Support Services: include environmental adaptations, accomodations, natural supports, mentoring, and related services (OT, PT, SLP, transportation etc) 5. Biotechnology Research and Development: Using science and engineering, these careers focus on discovering new treatments or inventions to directly help patients or health care professionals.... These careers include: Biologists and biostatisticians. Group Discussion In your groups brainstorm some healthcare professions that would fall under each career pathways. Walk around the room and record your ideas the corresponding white board. Health Care Facilities Briefly describe the types of healthcare facilities listed below: 1. Long-Term Care 2. Practitioners’ Office 3. Clinic 4. Laboratories 5. EMS 6. Home Health Care 7. Rehabilitation 8. Hospice