Bone Healing 2.2 PDF

**[Healing in Bone - 2.2]** Composition: - - - - **[Bone cells]** **Osteoprogenitors/ osteogenic cells** - - **Osteoblasts** - - Secretes bone matrix proteins: - - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. **Osteoclast** - - - - - **Osteocytes** - - - - - -...

**[Healing in Bone - 2.2]** Composition: - - - - **[Bone cells]** **Osteoprogenitors/ osteogenic cells** - - **Osteoblasts** - - Secretes bone matrix proteins: - - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. **Osteoclast** - - - - - **Osteocytes** - - - - - -  **OB regulation of OC formation** 1. 2. 3. 4. **[Types of bone ]** **Compact/cortical** Eg : Mandible - - Structure Osteons - - - - - - - -  **Spongy/trabecular/cancellous bone** Eg: maxilla - - - - Structure Trabeculae surrounded to BM spaces  **Woven bone** Eg: foetal bone, adult bone fractures - - - - Structure Fibrous matrix Produced from OB producing osteoid rapidly **[Types of bone fracture ]** Closed /simple fracture = broken bone not pierced skin Open/ compound fracture = broken bone pierces skin Greenstick fracture = small crack in children Hairline fracture = stress fracture is most common type in foot or lower leg Complicated fracture = structures surrounding fracture injured eg BV and periosteum Comminuted fracture = bone shattered, slower healing Avulsion fracture = muscle contraction causes tendon to fragment bone (eg knee + shoulder) Compression/impacted fracture = when 2 bones forced against each other (eg vertebra) - Oblique/spiral/torsion = complete break at a diagonal angle resembling corkscrew due to twisting force or impact - Transverse = complete, straight, horizontal break. Ends of bone can be displaced, pulled apart by muscles which angulates the bone.  **[Process of bone healing ]** - - - - -  **Primary bone healing** - Direct: - - - - Gap healing: - - - **Secondary/indirect bone healing** Secondary: - - - - Stages: 1. - - - 2. - - - - - - - Then granulation tissue formation 3. - - - - - 4. - - - - - 5. - - -  **Fracture repair**  **[Bone grafts ]**  **Properties of bone grafts** Osteogenesis - - - Osteoconduction - - - - - Osteoinduction - - - - - **Clinical link** - - - - - - - - - - - - **Factors affecting bone healing** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -