Research Presentation PDF

RESEARCH PRESENTATIO N BY GROUP 3 HOW TO GATHER RELATED RELEVANT LITERATUR E HOW TO GATHER RELATED RELEVANT LITERATURE A literaturesearch involves searching all of literature including books, and types compiling journals, encyclopedias and many more that are available on a speci...

RESEARCH PRESENTATIO N BY GROUP 3 HOW TO GATHER RELATED RELEVANT LITERATUR E HOW TO GATHER RELATED RELEVANT LITERATURE A literaturesearch involves searching all of literature including books, and types compiling journals, encyclopedias and many more that are available on a specific subject. That is carried out to analyze knowledge gaps in a particular study, which will then guide further research in that topic. HOW TO GATHER RELATED RELEVANT LITERATURE  SYSTEMATIC REVIEW literature search that typically carried out by scientific researchers, academics, R&D personnel of large businesses and organizations, entrepreneurs, healthcare professionals.  LITERATURE REVIEW A literature search that is written by students in schools that have to write a thesis research or a dissertation.  HOW TO GATHER RELATED RELEVANT LITERATURE 1. Develop a Well-Defined Question  Starting off a literature search without an clear and focused research question will mean that you will explore a lot of literature that is irrelevant to what you actually desire. HOW TO GATHER RELATED RELEVANT LITERATURE 2. Choose the Right Keywords  Overlooking the importance of choosing the correct keywords and phrases that are related to the topic means that you could miss important information due to a weak search query.  HOW TO GATHER RELATED RELEVANT LITERATURE 3. Do Not Ignore Non-obvious Sources  Multiple researchers tend to do a literature search taking into account published literature such as journals and books. However, there are dozens of sources that are invaluable, but often ignored or HOW TO GATHER RELATED RELEVANT LITERATURE 4. Appraise Literature for Quality  To build your study on a specific topic. You need to have quality control and make sure that sources are credible. HOW TO GATHER RELATED RELEVANT LITERATURE 5. Redefine Your Question  At the end of your search, you have to go back to the research question. Is it still relevant and valid? Does it have to be revised?  IN-TEXT- CITATION THE BASICS OF APA IN-TEXT-CITATION YOU'RE EXPECTED TO... Know the basic components of in-text-citation. Learn how to use parenthetical and narrative citations. Know how to cite multiple authors. Know what to do with missing information. Basic Components The in-text-citation always consist of the author's last name and the publication year no matter the source type. Example: (Fernandez, 2003) author's last name publication year Basic Components If your citing a specfic part of the source consider using a locator. Here are some locators to use; for books this is usually the page number, for videos a timestamp, and for webpages you may use a paragraph number or a heading. You only need to include the page number when you're using a direct Basic Components EXAMPLE: BOOKS (Fernandez, 2003, p. 134) page number VIDEOS (Fernandez, 2003, 00:34) timestamp WEBPAGES (Fernandez, 2003, para. 7) paragraph number or heading  Parenthetical and Narrative Citations Parenthetical Narrative The author’s name and The author’s name is the year of publication part of the sentence, appear inside with the year in parentheses. Often parentheses placed at the end of a immediately after it. sentence or after a Useful when quote. emphasizing the author or the research itself.  Parenthetical and Narrative Citations Parenthetical Citation Studies have shown that regular exercise can improve mental health (Smith, 2020).  Parenthetical and Narrative Citations Narrative Citations Smith (2020) found out that regular exercises can improve your mental health base on studies.  What to do if there are multiple authors What to do? If a work has two authors, separate their names with an ampersand (&) in a parenthetical citation or “and” in a narrative citation. If there are three or more authors, only include the first author’s last name followed by “et al.”, meaning “and others”.  What to do if there are multiple authors What to do? Group authors known by their abbreviations (e.g., CDC) are written in full the first time and are abbreviated in subsequent citations.  What to do if there are multiple authors What if there are missing information No Author If the author of a source is unknown, try to determine if there is an organization or government responsible for creating the content. If so, include its name in the in-text citation (and reference entry).  What if there are missing information No Author The costs of solar energy have decreased by 34% in the past three years (Tesla, 2020). What if there are missing information No Author Alternatively, use the source title in place of the author. Italicize the title if it’s italicized in the reference entry (except for court cases, which are italicized in the in-text citation but not the reference entry). Otherwise, enclose it in double quotation marks. What if there are missing information No Author Apply title case capitalization, and shorten long titles. The first word of the title should always be included so readers can easily locate the corresponding reference entry. What if there are missing information No Author (“U.S. Flood Risk,” 2015) (Thinking, Fast and Slow, 2017) What if there are missing No information Publication Date (Johnson, n.d.). What if there are missing No Page Number information (alternative locators) Page numbers are only required with direct quotes in APA. If you are quoting from a work that does not have page numbers, you can use an alternative locator, such as: What if there are missing No Page Number information (alternative locators) (Liu, 2020, 03:26) (Johnson, 2019, Chapter 3) (McCombes, 2016, para. 4) (Davis, 2016, Slide 15) (Flores, 2020, Table 5) (Streefkerk, 2020, “No page number” section) Thank you for listening By: Group 3 THE PROPER WAYS OF SCIENTIFIC WRITING  INTRODUCTIO N Scientific writing is a specialized form of communication that conveys research findings, observations, and ideas in a clear, concise, and objective manner. Unlike other types of writing, it prioritizes precision and logical structure, allowing complex ideas to be understood and built upon by other researchers. Scientific writing is fundamental to sharing knowledge across fields, contributing to the progress of science, and enabling informed decision- making. A key component of scientific writing is the ability to effectively integrate sources. This includes summarizing broad concepts, paraphrasing specific ideas, and quoting essential phrases or terminology from previous studies or foundational research. Each technique serves a distinct purpose  PARAPHRASING When you paraphrase, you rewrite the idea from a source in your own words, often with more specific language or adjusted emphasis. Paraphrasing is valuable when you need to integrate findings into your research while keeping your own voice and flow. Effective paraphrasing retains the original meaning and context but differs substantially in wording and structure.  EXAMPLE ORIGINAL PARAPHRASED TEXT "In recent years, there has "Studies on the resistance of microbes to antibiotics been an increasing trend in the study of microbial resistance have gained significant to antibiotics." attention recently."  QUOTING Quotations should be used sparingly in scientific writing and are most effective when the exact wording is essential to the meaning or when citing a unique term or expression coined by the author. Always introduce and contextualize quotes, keeping them brief to maintain the flow of your writing. EXAMPLE QUOTE According to Smith (2020), "antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to global health, requiring immediate action."  SUMMARIZING In summarizing, it condense the main points of a large section of text, such as an entire study or extensive background, into a brief overview. Summarizing is particularly useful when discussing large studies or complex findings, allowing you to capture the essential points without overwhelming details.  EXAMPLE ORIGINAL SUMMARIZED TEXT "In recent years, there has "Recent studies highlight the urgent need to address rising microbial been an increasing trend in the resistance to antibiotics through study of microbial resistance research on new treatment to antibiotics." approaches and preventive strategies."  SUMMARY In summary, effective scientific writing requires a balanced use of paraphrasing, quoting, and summarizing to communicate existing research clearly and respectfully. Mastery of these techniques not only strengthens the clarity and credibility of your writing but also ensures that you acknowledge original work appropriately, fostering a respectful and scholarly approach to research communication.