GEC-105-STUDENT-HANDOUT.docx

**GEC 105 STUDENT HANDOUTS** **\ UNIT 2\ Communication** - is generally defined as generally defined as [the exchange of thoughts, ideas, concepts, and views between or among two or more people], various contexts come in to play. A process by which information is exchanged between individuals throu...

**GEC 105 STUDENT HANDOUTS** **\ UNIT 2\ Communication** - is generally defined as generally defined as [the exchange of thoughts, ideas, concepts, and views between or among two or more people], various contexts come in to play. A process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior.\ *Context* - the circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, or idea\ \ **Ethics of Communication** - Communication ethics [emphasizes that morals influence the behavior] of an individual, group, or organization there by [affecting their communication.\ ]***Fundamentals of Ethical Communication:*\ Honesty**: Being truthful in your communication. **Transparency**: Openly sharing necessary information. **Respec**t: Valuing others\' perspectives and rights. **Fairness**: Communicating in a way that is just and impartial. **Responsibility**: Owning your words and actions.\ \ ***Principles of Ethical Communication***:\ *[1. Be Truthful and Honest]*: Always provide complete and accurate information without deceiving or tailoring facts to manipulate beliefs. 2\. *[Active Listening:]* Listen attentively and ask questions for clarification to fully understand the speaker's message. 3\. *[Speak Non-Judgmentally]*: Avoid judgmental language to prevent unnecessary conflict and misunderstandings. 4\. *[Speak From Experience]*: Use personal experience to support your points, making your message more relatable and clear. 5\. *[Consider the Receiver's Preferred Communication Channel]*: Use the preferred communication method and presentation style for effective engagement. 6\. *[Strive to Understand]*: Focus on fully understanding the speaker's message before responding. 7\. *[Avoid a Negative Tone]*: Maintain politeness and professionalism to avoid miscommunication and conflict. 8\. *[Do Not Interrupt]*: Let others speak fully to foster a respectful and productive conversation. 9\. *[Respect Privacy and Confidentiality]*: Uphold confidentiality and avoid gossip to maintain a professional environment. 10\. *[Accept Responsibility]*: Own the outcomes of your words, ensuring ethical communication and accountability. ***Four Principles of Interpersonal Communication*** 1\. *[Inescapable]*: Communication occurs whether intentional or not. Even silence or nonverbal cues, such as body language, are forms of communication. 2\. *[Irreversible**:**]* Once something is said or conveyed, it cannot be taken back. The impact of communication remains, even if the message is later clarified or corrected. 3\. *[Complicated/ Complex]*: Interpersonal communication is complex due to different interpretations, emotions, and contexts. Misunderstandings can easily arise from these complexities. 4*[**.** Contextual]*: Communication is influenced by the surrounding context, *[including **physical, social, cultural, relational, and environmental**]***,** which shape how messages are delivered and received.\ \ **UNIT 3**\ **Globalization --** is a process of [interaction and integration] among [people, companies], and [governments of different nations]. A process [driven by international trade] and [investment] aided by [information technology].\ \ ***Both globalization and global communication have changed the:***\ \* Environmental\ \* Cultural\ \* Political\ \* Economic Elements\ \ ***How important is communication in globalization?\ \ ***In a globalized world, effective communication is a [necessity]. Because:\ \ 1. [It facilitates global trade and business]. Communication enables international market expansion, negotiations, and understanding of diverse customer needs.\ \ 2. [It promotes cultural exchange.] Communication fosters mutual understanding, tolerance, and respect among different cultures. the globe.\ \ 3. [It supports political and diplomatic relations]. Communication is essential for negotiations, conflict resolution, and global collaboration on major issues.\ \ 4. [It drives technological and knowledge advancements]. Communication accelerates innovation and knowledge sharing across the globe. 5\. [It Enhances Social Connectivity.] Communication builds global communities and enables instant communication across distances. **UNIT 4**\ \ **Author's purpose** - author\'s purpose is his [reason] for or [intent in writing]. An author\'s purpose may be to [entertain the reader, to persuade the reader, to inform the reader, or to satirize] a condition.\ \ **Main idea --** is the [most important or central thought of a paragraph] or larger section of text, which tells the reader [what the text is about].\ \ **Types of essays:\ *\ \* [Persuasive Essay] -*** A persuasive essay is one in which you attempt [to get the reader to agree with your point of view]. You are trying [to present arguments, research, and ideas] in order to [sway the reader] one way or the other***.\ \ ***Commonly used in:\ 1. Advertisements and Marketing (commercials, brochures) 2\. Speeches and Debates (political, advocacy) 3\. Academic Writing (assignments, essays) 4\. Blogs and Social Media (influencing opinions)\ \ *Six **steps** in the process of **writing a Persuasive Essay.*** Step 1. [Organizing your Thoughts] (Brainstorming) Step 2. Researching your Topic Step 3. [Developing a Thesis Statement] Step 4. [Writing the Introduction] Step 5. [Writing the Body of the Essay] Step 6. [Writing the Conclusion\ \ ]**Tips** in writing a Persuasive Essay. 1\. Know Your Audience 2\. Use Strong Evidence 3\. Address Counterarguments 4\. Employ Rhetorical Strategies 5\. Maintain a Clear Structure 6\. Be Concise and Persuasive\ \ ***\* Informative Essay -*** a [non-fiction] writing piece that is written [to inform] readers on a certain topic or subject. They are always [fact-based] and [do not include arguments or opinions from the author.\ \ ]Commonly used in: [\ ]1. Textbooks\ 2. Instructional Guides\ 3. Research Papers\ 4. News Articles\ 5. Encyclopedias and Websites\ \ Eight steps in the process of writing an Informative Essay. Step 1. **Choose a Topic** Step 2. **Research** Step 3. **Develop a Thesis** Step 4. **Create an Outline** Step 5. **Write the Introduction** Step 6. **Compose Body Paragraphs** Step 7. **Write the Conclusion** Step 8. **Document Citations** ***\ ***