Week 4 Science, Technology, and Society PDF

DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC. Juan dela Cruz Street, Toril, Davao City Landline No. (082) 291 1882 Accredited by ACSCU-ACI Week 4 SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Unit 1: Science, Technology and Natio...

DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC. Juan dela Cruz Street, Toril, Davao City Landline No. (082) 291 1882 Accredited by ACSCU-ACI Week 4 SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Unit 1: Science, Technology and Nation-Building Topic: Brief Historical Background of Science and technology in the Philippines Learning Outcomes: 1. Discuss the role of science and technology in the Philippine nation-building; 2. Make a comparative analysis on each period and its significant contribution to the field of science and technology. Concept Digest (Discussion) STONE AGE Around 50,000 years These modern men lived ago the modern men in Palawan and (homo sapiens) first Batangas. came over-land across narrow channels. They also formed It took 10,000 settlements in years before they the major have discovered Philippine how to made simple islands. tools or weapons. By about 3,000 It became well B.C., they were developed and producing adzes flourished for ornaments of about 2,000 years seashells and and it came into pottery of various competition with designs. imported Chinese porcelain. IRON AGE The early Filipinos learned to make metal tools and implements—copper, gold, bronze and later iron. Considered to have lasted from the second or third century B.C. to the tenth century A.D. 1  DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC. Juan dela Cruz Street, Toril, Davao City Landline No. (082) 291 1882 Accredited by ACSCU-ACI William Henry Scott in Pre hispanic Source Materials for the Study of Philippine History (Rev. ed.; Quezon City: New Day Publishers, 1984), points out questionable documents which have been the basis for information about this period and which were popularized in Philippines History textbooks, that Filipinos during this period engaged in the actual extraction of iron from ore, smelting and refining. But it appears that the iron industry, like the manufacture of pottery, did not survive the competition with imported cast iron from Sarawak and much later, from China. They learn to weave cotton, make glass ornaments, and cultivate lowland rice and dike fields of terraced fields utilizing spring water in mountain regions. They also learned to build boats for trading purposes. Spanish chronicles noted refined plank-built warships called caracoa suited for interisland trade raids. 10TH CENTURY A.D. Filipinos from the Butuan were trading with Champa (Vietnam) and those from Ma-I (Mindoro) with China as noted in Chinese records containing several references to the Philippines. These archaeological findings indicated that regular trade relations between the Philippines, China and Vietnam had been well established from the 10th century to the 15th century A.D. TRADING The People of Ma-I and San-Hsu (Palawan) traded bee wax, cotton, pearls, coconut heart mats, tortoise shell and medicinal betel nuts, panie cloth for porcelain, leads fishnets sinker, colored glass beads, iron pots, iron needles and tin. 2  DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC. Juan dela Cruz Street, Toril, Davao City Landline No. (082) 291 1882 Accredited by ACSCU-ACI PRE-SPANISH PERIOD Filipinos were already engaged in activities and practices related to science forming primitive or first wave technology. They were curative values of some plant on how to extract medicine from herbs. They had an alphabet, a system of writing, a method of counting and weights and measure. They had no calendar but counted the years by the period of the moon and from one harvest to another. SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD  16th Century: (1) Development of schools Colegio de San Colegio de Colegio De Colegio De Ildefonso-Cebu- San Ignacio- Nuestra Senora San Jose- 1595 del Rosario- Manila-1595 Manila-1601 Manila-1597 (2) Development of Hospitals San Juan Lazaro Hospital the oldest in the Far East was founded in 1578.  17th and 18th Century Successive shipwrecks of and attacks of pirates on the galleons led to declining profits from the trade that led to economic depression in Manila during the later part of the 17th century. 3  DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC. Juan dela Cruz Street, Toril, Davao City Landline No. (082) 291 1882 Accredited by ACSCU-ACI The Real Sociedad Economica de los Amigos Del Pais de Filipinas founded by Governador Jose Basco y Vargas in 1780 encouraged research in agriculture and industry. The society promoted cultivation of indigo, cotton, cinnamon, and silk industry. In 1789 Manila was opened to Asian shipping, inaugurating an era of increase in export of rice, hemp, tobacco, sugar, and indigo, and imports of manufacturing goods. The 19th Century In 1863 the colonial authorities issued a royal degree to reform the existing educational system. In 1871 the school of medicine and pharmacy were opened to UST, after 15 years it had granted the degree of Licenciado en Medicina to 62 graduates. The licentiate degree equivalent to a Master degree was granted Bachelor’s degree in pharmacy to its 1st six graduates who included Leon Ma. Guerrero considered was the father of Philippine Pharmacy due to his works on Medicinal Plants of the Philippines. There were no school for engineering but they offered nautical four-year course for pilot of merchant marine that includes the subject: Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry, Trigonometry, Physics, Hydrography, Meteorology, Navigation, and Pilotage. 4  DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC. Juan dela Cruz Street, Toril, Davao City Landline No. (082) 291 1882 Accredited by ACSCU-ACI Higher education was generally viewed with suspicion as encouraging rebellion among native Filipinos and thus only few daring students were able to undertake higher studies. The expanded world trade and commerce in the later part of the 19th century led to the rapid development of Manila as cosmopolitan center. Modern amenities such as steam tramways, waterworks, newspaper, electric lights, banking system were introduce in 19th century. Jesuits promoted meteorological studies founding Manila observatory at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila in 1865. AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD  Americans established he public education system.  Improved he engineering works and he health conditions of the people.  Americans established a modern research university (University of the Philippines)  the mineral resources of the country were also explored and exploited.  Transportation and communication systems were improved.  Science education focuses on nature studies and science and sanitation until I became a subject formally known as “science”.  He teaching of science in higher education has greatly improved and modernized.  Researchers were done to control malaria, cholera, and tuberculosis and other tropical disease. References: Serafica, J.P.J., et al. (2018). Science, technology, and Society. Quezon Ciy: Rex Printing Company, Inc. Jayoma, J. (2018). Brief history of science and technology of the Philippines. Retrieved on September 24, 2020 from https://www.slideshare.net/jetherjorim/brief-history-of- science-and-technology-of-the-philippines. Despi, L. (2014). Brief history of science, and technology. Retrieved on September 24, 2020 from https://www.slideshare.net/leizeldespi/brief-history-of-science-and- technology. https://rb.gy/pb4gej https://rb.gy/g5qdxm https://rb.gy/lt99by https://rb.gy/y8ogyc 5