Football Rules PDF

FOOTBALL Football originated from China. It is generally assumed that Roman soldiers brought the game to Britain. The English Football Association was formed in the year 1863. In 19 th century, the football game becomes very popular. It was the first team sport to be included in the programme of Oly...

FOOTBALL Football originated from China. It is generally assumed that Roman soldiers brought the game to Britain. The English Football Association was formed in the year 1863. In 19 th century, the football game becomes very popular. It was the first team sport to be included in the programme of Olympics in 1900 in Paris. FIFA: 2002, 2007,14 The Federation International Football Association was formed in 1904. It is the organizer of the World Football Championship. It also organized the football game in the Olympics of 1900 and 1904. AIFF: The All India Football Federation was founded in 1937. India participated in Football for the first time in the Olympic Games held in London in 1948. LAW 1: THE FIELD OF PLAY 2000,02,04,06,08,10,13 1 Field Markings: The field of play is marked with lines. These lines belong to the areas of which they are boundaries. The width of lines: 2012 All the lines marking the areas and the boundaries are 5 inches (12 cm.) wide. Touch line: 2004 The two longer boundary lines of a football field are called touch lines. These are 90m to 120m in length. These lines are 12cm. (5inches) in width. Goal lines: 2005 The two shorter lines of the football field are called goal lines. These are 45m to 90m in length. These are 12cm wide. Halfway line: The field of play is divided into two halves by halfway line. It is 45m to 90m in length. These lines are 12cm wide. Centre mark: The centre mark is indicated at the midpoint of the halfway line. Centre circle: 2008,09 It is a circle of 9.15m (10yds) radius drawn from centre mark of football field. The game starts from the centre circle by kicking or passing the ball. The game restarts from the centre circle after a goal scored. Goal Area: A goal area is defined at each end of the field as follows: Two lines are drawn at right angles to the goal line, 5.5m (6yds) from inside of each goalposts. These lines extend into the field of play for a distance of 5.5m (6yds) and are joined by a line drawn parallel with the goal line (18.32m). The area bounded by these lines and the goal line is the goal area. Importance: When the ball crosses the goal line having last touched by attacking team a goal kick taken. The penalty area :2008 It is area bounded by lines drawn at right angles at a distance 16.5m (18yds) from the inside of each goal post and are joined by a line drawn parallel with the goal line. Importance: When any foul is committed by defending team in the penalty area a penalty kick is awarded to the attacking team. Only the goal keeper will stand at the time of penalty kick in this area. Penalty mark: Within each penalty area a penalty mark is made at 11m (12yds) from the midpoint between the goal post and equivalent to them. The penalty kick is taken from this mark. Penalty arc (Outer circle):2006, 08,12 A penalty spot is marked 11m (12 Yards) in front of the midpoint of the goal line. The penalty arc with a radius of 9.15m (10 Yards) from the penalty spot is drawn outside the penalty area. Importance: To keep the players 9.15m (10 Yards) at the time of penalty kick. Flag posts:2014 A flag post, not less than 1.5m (5ft) high with a non-pointed top &flag is placed at each end. Optional flag:2002 Flag posts may also be placed at each end of the halfway line, not less than 1m (1yds) outside the touchline. Corner arc (quarter circle):2002,05 It is a quarter circle with a radius of 1m from each corner flag post where the ball is kept, while taking a corner kick. Optional mark: 2006, 08 2 It is a mark made at the goal line 9.15m (10yds) from the corner flag post. At the time of corner kick the defensive team player will stand after optional mark. Goals (Goalposts): Goals must be placed on the centre of each goal line. They consist of two upright posts equidistance from the corner flag posts and joined at the top by a horizontal crossbar. The distance between the posts: 2011 The distance between the posts is 7.32m (8yds) & the distance from the lower edge to the crossbar to the ground is 2.44m (8ft). Both the goalposts and crossbar have same width and depth which do not exceed 12cm (5 inches). The width of goal line is also 12cm. Nets may be attached to the goals and the ground behind the goal. The goal posts and crossbars must be white. Net: 2009 According to goalpost length & breadth, it should cover both the parallel & cross bar, & the square of the net should not be more than 7.32 m. Diagram: 2004 Captain: The team captain of a football team sometimes known as the skipper is a team member chosen to be the leader of the team. Duties of Captain:1999, 2013 Following are the duties of captains: 1) The official functions of the captain are to participate in the coin toss prior to kick off. 2) He participates in the coin toss in case of penalty shootout. 3) Captain may join the manager in deciding the first team for a certain game. 4) He decides the team and their positions. 5) Captain have no special authority under the laws to challenge a decision by the referee. 6) Be able to co-operate with other players. 7) Be able to create unity between the senior and the younger players. 3 8) Be a "true leader" from the front, who can hold his nerve, use all his experience and guide his team over the finish line. 9) Be able to control all his players discipline. 10) Be willing to understand the youngsters. 11) Crave trophies and create a sense of victory amongst the squad. 12) Never blame a fellow player for defeat.. Vice captain: A vice captain is a player that is expected to captain the side when the captain is not included in the starting eleven, or if the captain is substituted. Duties of vice captain: 1999 Following are the duties of the vice captains: 1) In the absence of captain, he assumes the role of captain. 2) He is usually expected to lead the players with captain and also help the younger player’s develop. Manager: Manager is the person who manages the whole staff of football team. Duties of manager: 1) The manager is a person sent to represent others. 2) He orders uniforms and equipment as needed. 3) Organize additional playing opportunities such as tournaments, and clinics. 4) Find practice fields and reschedule games if necessary. 5) Distribute schedules and other pertinent information from the club as requested. Physiotherapist:1999 The duties are as follows: 1) If any player gets injured then the physiotherapist gives the treatment to that injury by means of massage and exercise. 2) If the player is injured very badly then he will send him to specialist doctor. 3) Developing treatment programmes. 4) Helping patients who have suffered injury or illness 5) Rehabilitating very ill patients. 6) Writing case notes and reports. Coach: The person who is responsible for the players, who teaches the players, and who is in charge of strategy during the game. The Duties of Coach: Duties of a football coach involve focusing on the process. 1) To educate players through communicating ideas and concepts. 2) To improve players technical ability by applying knowledge and skills. 3) Promote fair play and laws of the game. 4) Gain trust of players, parents and fellow employees. 5) Establish and outline realistic goals and objectives. 6) Delivering and controlling sessions in an organised, effective and, most importantly, safe manner. 4  LAW 2: THE BALL The shape and material of the ball:2010, 11 The shape of the ball is spherical. It should be made of leather or other suitable material. A white or bright yellow colour ball is recommended to be used. The size of ball : 2001, 03, 09,11,12, 14 Circumference: 27 inches to 28 inches (68cm to 70cm). Weight: 410 gram to 450 gram (14oz to 16oz). Pressure: 0.6-1.1 Atmosphere (600-1100g/cm2) At sea level (8.5 lbs/sq in to 15.60 lbs/sq in). LAW 3: THE NUMBER OF PLAYERS 2012, 14 A match is played by two teams, each consisting of not more than 11 players, one of whom is the goal keeper. A match may not start if either team consists of less than seven players. Substitute: Up to a maximum of three to five substitutes may be used in any match played under FIFA. The rules of the competition must state how many substitutes may be nominated, from three up to a maximum of seven. The name of substitutes must be given to the referee prior to the start of match. Substitute not so named may not take part in the match. Substitution procedure: 2013 To replace a player by a substitute, the following procedure must be followed: 1) The referee is informed before any substitution is made. 2) A substitute only enters the field of play after the player being replaced has left and after receiving the signal from referee. 3) A substitute only enters the field of play at the halfway line and during a stoppage in the match. 4) A substitution is completed when a substitute enters the field of play. Substitution: 1997 A team must bear the following points in mind when substitution is to be made: 1) The referee is informed before any substitution is made. 2) A substitute only enters the field of play after the player being replaced has left and after receiving the signal from referee. 3) A substitute only enters the field of play at the halfway line and during a stoppage in the match. 4) A substitution is complete when a substitute enters the field of play. 5) A player who has been replaced takes no further part in the match. 6) Do not allow your substitute to run inside the field of play before the referee’s signal indicating him to enter the field. Substitution complete: A substitution is completed when a substitute enters the field of play. From that moment, the substitute becomes a player and the player he has replaced ceases to be so. He can sit on the bench or can go to the dressing room. Technical Area: 2005 5 The technical area 1m (1yd) on either side of the designated seated area and extends forward up to a distance of 1m (1yd) from the touch line. Substitutes, coach and other officials (physiotherapist) sits on benches. Only one person at a time is authorized to convey tactical instructions and he must return to his position after giving the instructions. LAW 4: THE PLAYER’S EQUIPMENT The players equipment: 2002, 05, 09 A player must not use any equipment or wear anything which is dangerous to himself or another player. The basic compulsory equipments of a player are (1) A jersey (2) Shorts (3) Stockings (4) Skin guard (5) Footwear (Studs). The goalkeeper’s equipment: 1998 (1)A jersey of distinguish colour from other players, the referee and the assistant referee. (2)Shorts (3)Stockings (4)Shin guard (5)Footwear (6)Gloves. LAW 5: THE REFEREE Each match is controlled by a referee who has full authority to enforce the laws of the game. Equipment of Referee: 2008: The referee’s equipments while conducting the match are: 1) A current book of rules. 2) A loud distinctive whistle. 3) A stop watch. 4) Two pencils. 5) A card to record the time, goal etc.6) Yellow or red cards. Duties of Referee before the match: 2011 1) The referee conducts the toss. 2) He checks the ground condition. 3) He checks the goalpost and the nets are properly pitched. 4) Checks the team jerseys, numbers. 5) He checks the safety equipments (Boots, Shin guard) 6) He checks the ball pressure, weight and size of the ball. Duties of Referee : 1997,00, 07,12 1) Ensure that any ball used meet the requirement. 2) Ensures that the players equipments meet the requirement. 3) Acts as timekeeper and keeps a record of the match. 4) Enforce the laws of the game. 5) Stops, suspends or terminates the match because of outside interference of any kind. 6) Allows play to continue until the ball is out of play. 7) Punishes the more serious offence when a player commits more than one at the same time. 8) Acts on the advice of assistant referee regarding incidents which he has not seen. 9) Controls the match in co-operation with the assistant referees and, where applicable, with the fourth official. 10) Ensures that no unauthorized person enters the field of play. 11) Provides the appropriate authorities with match report which includes information on any disciplinary action taken against player, or team officials which occurred before, during or after the match. Decision of Referee: 2001 6 The decision of the referee regarding facts connected with play are final. No one has the right to question a decision of referee. A referee may reverse his decision; if he realizes that he has made a mistake or when an assistant referee brings to his notice, provided that the referee has not restarted play with a kick-off. Referee’s Decisions: 1) A player commits two infringement of a different nature at the same time. 1998, 01, 05 A player is sent off the field of play by showing a red card. 2) He finds that a player is deliberately wasting time.1998, 05 Caution the player by showing yellow card. 3) He finds a player guilty of violent action. Sent off the player by showing red card. 4) He is uncertain whether the ball has gone out of play.1998, 01 He will take the help of assistant referee. 5) The goalkeeper intentionally lies on the ball longer than it is necessary.1998, 01 The goalkeeper is guilty of unsporting behavior. The referee will stop the play caution the goalkeeper by showing yellow card and resume the play by an indirect free kick, the kick to be taken from the place where the infringement occurred. 6) A player split at an official during the game 2003: The referee will sent off the guilty player by showing a red card. He will resume the play by indirect free kick. 7) A ball is improperly thrown in 2003: The referee will award throw in to the opposing team. 8) The goalkeeper touches the ball with his hands outside the penalty area 2003: A direct free kick is awarded to the opposing team. The kick to be taken from the place where the infringement occurred. 9) An indirect free kick is kicked directly into the opponents goal: 2004 A goal kick is awarded to the defending team. 10) An indirect free kick is kicked directly into the teams own goal: A corner kick is awarded to the opposing team. 11) If the ball bursts or becomes defective during the course of a Match:2004 7 The match is stopped and Restarted by dropping the replacement ball at the place where the first ball become defective. 12) If the ball bursts or becomes defective while taking the penalty kick: 2004 The ball bursts immediately after it in play from a free kick, penalty kick, a corner kick or throw in, without first touching any other play: A referee should ask for another ball and resume play by dropping the ball (dropped ball). 13) If an indirect free kick is directly kicked into the opponent’s goal: 2004 A goal kick is awarded. 14) If an indirect free kick is directly kicked into the team’s own goal: 2007 A corner kick is awarded to the opposing team. 15)A player intentionally pushes an opponent. 2011 The referee gives a direct free kick to the opponent and caution the player who commits that foul. 16)A defending player intentionally handles the ball in the penalty area. 2011 The opponent will get a penalty kick from the penalty spot. 17)A player indulges in misconduct even after receiving a yellow card. 2011. If a player persists in misconduct. After being received the caution ,he will be suspended from that match and sent out. If the misconduct is serious he can be sent out. If the misconduct is serious he can be suspended from the tournament. 18) When the goal is scored unintentionally by the centre referee.2013 A goal is awarded. 19) At a kick off the same player touches the ball a second time. Indirect free kick is awarded to the opposite team. 20) During a penalty kick the ball rebounds from the crossbar and the same player kicks the ball to score a goal. Goal will not be given. Indirect free kick is awarded to the opposite team. 21) A defense player intentionally handles the ball in the penalty area. A penalty kick is awarded to the opponent team. Additional instructions for the referee: 1) Delaying the restart of play: Referee must caution players who delay the restart of play by tactics such as: 1. Taking a free kick from the wrong position with the sole intention of forcing the referee to order a retake. 2. Appearing to take a throw in but suddenly leaving it to one of his teammate to throw in. 3. Kicking the ball away or carrying it away with the hands after the referee stopped play. 4. Excessively delaying the taking of free kick or throw in. 2) Celebration of a goal: While it is permissible for a player to demonstrate his joy when a goal has been scored, the celebration must not be excessive. A player must be cautioned when: 1) He climbs on to a perimeter fence to celebrate a goal being scored. 2) He removes his shirt over his head or covers his head with his shirt. 3) Dealing with injured player: Referee must follow the instructions given below when dealing with injured players. 1) Play is allowed to continue until the ball is out of play if a player is, in his opinion, only slightly injured. 8 2) Play is stopped if, in his opinion, a player is seriously injured. 3) After questioning the injured player the referee authorizes one or two doctors to enter the field to ascertain the type of injury and to arrange the player’s safe and swift removal from the field. 4) The referee ensures an injured player is safely removed from the field of play. 5) A player is not allowed to be treated on the field. LAW 6: THE ASSISTANT REFEREES (LINESMAN) Number :1999 Two assistant referees are appointed on the playing field. The assistant referees are also called as linesmen. Duties of Assistant referees (linesman): 1998, 99, 02,10, 14 Two assistant referees are appointed whose duties, to the decision of the referee, are to indicate: 1) When the whole of the ball has passed out of the field of play. 2) Which side is entitled to a corner kick, goal kick or throw in. 3) When a player may be penalized for being in an offside position. 4) When a substitution is requested. 5) When misconduct or any other incident has occurred out of view of the referee. 6) When offences have been committed whenever the assistants are closer to the action than the referee, this includes, in particular circumstances, offences committed in the penalty area. 7) Whether, at penalty kicks, the keeper has moved forward before the ball has been kicked and if the ball has crossed the goal line. Fourth official: 2007 The fourth official may be appointed under the competition rules and officiates if any of the three match officials is unable to continue, unless a reserve assistant referee is appointed. He assists referee at all times. Duties of fourth official: 1) The fourth official is responsible for assisting with substitution procedures during the match. 2) If the match ball has to be replaced during a match, he provides another ball. 3) He has the authority to check the equipments of substitutes before they enter the field of play. 4) He must indicate the referee when the wrong players is cautioned because of mistaken identity or when a player is not sent off having been seen to be given a second caution or when violent conduct occurs out of the view of the referee and assistant referee. 5) After the match, the fourth official must submit a report to the appropriate authorities on any misconduct or other incident which has occurred out of the view of the referee and the linesmen. He must advice the referee and his assistants of any report being made. 9 6) He has the authority to inform the referee of irresponsible behavior by any occupant of the technical area. Official’s advice to the players : 1998 The team official (coach) will give following advice to the players: 1) Be sporting and play the match keeping the spirit of the game and the laws. 2) Do not demand a change of ball for minor reasons. 3) In rainy days the ball may become slightly heavy, in which cases do not insist on a change. 4) Return the ball to the referee after the match. 5) Do not make obscene gestures to the spectators, substitutes, opponents and officials. 6) Do not enter or re-enter the field of play without the permission of referee. LAW 7: THE DURATION OF THE MATCH 2011 The duration of the game is two half’s of 45 minutes and 15 minutes of rest in between. The duration of the game can be extended in case if the referee feels that the time was wasted during substitution, injury or during free kicks etc. which is known as added time. Full time: 1999 The football match is played in two equal periods of 45 minutes each. The total time (90 minutes) is called full time. Half time: 1999 The maximum duration of each period of play shall be of 45 minutes and the added time (2 to 3 minutes) is called half time. Half time interval: Players are entitled to an interval at half time. The half time interval must not exceed 15 minutes. The duration of the half time may be altered only with the concept of the referee. Extra time: 2003,07, 13 During a tournament, if there is tie at the end of regulation time then the teams play for extra time of two half of 15 minutes over time period. Added time: 2008 At the end of each half of 45 minutes, if referee extends the period beyond the time, it is called added time. It can be due to injuries, due to substitution, under delay etc. Injury time: 2003,06,14 It is approximate 3 minutes time given after each half in view to compensate the time loss in injury during the game. Time lost during the game: 2008 The time lost during the game when i) Substitution is made. ii) A player gets injured. iii) A player wasting time. iv) Removal of injured players from the field of the play for treatment. LAWS 8: THE START AND THE RESTART OF PLAY A coin is tossed & then the team that wins the toss decides which goal it will attack in the first half of the match. The other team takes kick-off to start the match. The team that wins the toss takes the kick-off to 10 start the second half the match. In the second half of the match the team changes ends & attack the opposite goal. Different ways of restarting play: 2008 The following are the ways of restarting the play 1) Kick-off 2) Dropped ball 3) Penalty kick 4) Direct free kick 5) Indirect free kick 1) Kick-off: 2001, 04, 05, 09,12 Kick-off is a way of starting or restarting of a match. A Kick off is applied in the following conditions: 1) At the start of the match. 2) After a goal has been scored. 3) At the start of the second half of the match. 4) At the start of each period of extra time, whenever applicable. A goal may be scored directly from the kick-off. Procedure of kick off: The correct procedure for a kick off is as follows: 1) All players should be in their own half of the field of play. 2) The opponents of the team taking the kick off are at least 9.15m from the ball until it is in play. 3) The ball should be stationery on the centre mark. 4) The referee should give a signal. 5) The ball is in play when it is kicked & moves forward. 6) The kicker does not touch the ball a second time until it has touched another player. After a team scores a goal, the kick off is taken by other team. 2) Dropped ball: 2004, 05, 06, 07 A dropped ball is a way of restarting the match after a temporary stoppage that becomes necessary, while the ball is in play. Procedure of dropped ball: The referee drops the ball at the place where it was located when the play was stopped. Play restarts when the ball touches the ground. The ball is dropped again if it is touched by a player before it makes contact with the ground. A dropped ball to restart the match after play has been temporarily stopped inside the goal area takes place on the goal area line parallel to the goal line at the point of nearest to where the ball was located when play was stopped. LAW 9: THE BALL IN AND OUT OF PLAY The ball out of play: 1997, 09, 11, 13 The ball is out play when it has wholly crossed the goal line or touch line whether on the ground or in the air and the play has been stopped by the referee. The ball in play: 1997, 09 The ball is in play at all other times including when it rebounds from a goal post, crossbar or corner flag post and remain in the field of play and also when it rebounds from either referee or an assistant referee when they are on the field of play. LAW 10: THE METHOD OF SCORING 11 1) Goal scored: 1998, 99, 01, 08, 11, 13, 14 A goal is scored when the whole of the ball passes over the goal line between the goal posts and under the crossbar of goalpost. It must be scored in fair manner. 2) Own Goal: It is, obviously, possible for a player to kick, or head, or deflect, the ball into his own goal. If he does so, the score counts for his opponents; and if the ball clearly would not have gone in without his intervention, then he, unlucky soul, is listed in score with the letters e.g. "own goal" after his name. 3) Winner of a match: The team scoring the greater number of goals during a match is the winner. 4) Draw match: If both teams score an equal number of goals, or if no goal is scored, the match is drawn. 5) Tie break: 2004,11, 14 When no team is able to score or when the scores are level in the normal duration of the match then tie break is applied. First extra time (Two equal periods not exceeding 15 minutes each) is given, in case tie remains unbroken, five penalty kicks are given to each team. The whole process used to decide the match is known as tie break. 6) Sudden death:2004, 2007, 14 When no goal is scored or scores are equal after tie breaker , alternate penalty kicks are given to each team till the tie is broken. This is termed as sudden death. 7) Walk over: 2004 When a team fail to turn up and participate in the match other team is awarded a match. If it is a league match 3 points and 3 goals are awarded. If it is a knock out the team goes in the next round. If it is a final match the team is the winner. 8) Golden goal: 2002, 2004 In extra time any team that scores goal first is declared winner by scoring golden goal. Procedure to determine the winner of a match: 1998, 2000, 2005 There are following three methods of determining the winning team when competition rules require there to be a winning team after the match has been drawn (i) Away goal: (ii) Extra time (iii) Kicks from penalty mark. (i) Away goals: Competition rule may provide that where teams play each other home and away; if the score are equal after the second match, any goals scored at the ground of the opposing team will count double. (ii) Extra time: When no team is able to score or score is equal after full time, then the competition rules may provide two further equal periods (not exceeding 15 minutes each) to be played. (iii) Kicks from penalty mark: If still the tie remains unbroken five penalty kicks are given to each team alternatively by the teams. If both teams have taken five kicks, one has scored more goals than the other could score, the winner is declared. If, after both teams have taken five kicks, both have scored the same number of goals, or have not scored any goals, then sudden death is applied. The kicks continue to be taken in the same order until one team has scored a goal more than the other from the same number of kicks. LAW 11: OFFSIDE 12 Offside: 1999, 02, 07,11, 13 A player is off side when he is closer to the opposing goal line than ball and the second last opponent at the movement the ball is played. This does not apply if the players is is on their half of the field. An indirect free kick is awarded to the opposing team at the place where the offside occurred A player is not in an offside position if: 2003 1) He is in his own half of the field of play ‘or’ 2) he is level with last two opponents. Offences: 2006 A player in an offside position is only penalized if at the moment the ball touches or is played by one of his team, he is in the opinion of the referee, involved in active play by. 1) Interfering with play, 2) Interfering with an opponent, 3) Gaining an advantage by being in that position. No offence in the following conditions: 2004, 07,12, 13, 14 A player is not considered offside when he receives a ball that: 1) Comes at him directly from a goal kick. 2) Comes at him directly from a throw in. 3) Comes at him directly from a corner kick. 4) Comes at him directly from a dropped ball by a referee. 5) Bounces off a defender who had possession of the ball. 6) Was deflected by the goal keeper. Or 7) Was shot at the goal and bounces off a defender. There is no offside situation during a penalty kick because all the players other than the goalkeeper and kicker remain behind the penalty mark and the ball. LAW 12: FREE KICKS 2013 A kick awarded to an opposition player when a player has committed a foul. A free kick is used to restart play in several codes of football. There are two types of free kicks -1) Direct free kick, 2) Indirect free kick, 1)Direct free kick: 1999, 2003 A free kick from which a goal can be scored by directly kicking the ball into the opponent’s goal. A direct free kick is awarded: 2002,07,11 A direct free kick is awarded to the opposing team in the following situations (offences): 1) Kicks or attempts to kick an opponent. 2) Trips or attempts to trip an opponent. 3) Jump at an opponent. 4) Charges on opponent. 5) Strikes or attempts to strike an opponent. 6) Pushes an opponent. 7) Tackles an opponent to gain possession of the ball. 8) Holds an opponent. 9) Spits at an opponent. 10) Handles the ball deliberately (except goalkeeper) in his own penalty area. Procedure of direct free kick: 13 The kick is taken from where the foul occurred, unless it was within the fouled team's own goal area, in which case it may be taken from anywhere within the goal area. The ball must be stationary prior to being kicked. Opponents must remain 10 yards (9.15 metres) from the ball until the ball is in play. Observing the minimum distance limit, the opposite players may choose to form a "wall" between the ball and the goal. The ball becomes in play as soon as it is kicked and moves, unless the kick was taken from within the kicking team's penalty area, in which case it is in play once it has passed directly beyond the penalty area. A goal may be scored directly from a direct free kick, but only against the opposing side. (2) Indirect free kick: 2003 A goal can be scored only if the ball subsequently touches another player before it enters the goal. An indirect free kick is awarded: 2007,10, 13 An indirect free kick is awarded to the opposing team if a goalkeeper, inside his own penalty area commits any one of the following offences: 1) If a goal keeper takes more than 6 seconds while controlling the ball with his hands before releasing it. 2) If a goal keeper touches the ball again with his hands after it has been released from his possession and not touched by any other player. 3) If a goalkeeper touches the ball with his hands after it has been deliberately kicked to him by a team mate. 4) If a goalkeeper touches the ball with his hands after he has received it directly from a throw in taken by a team mate. Procedure of Indirect free kick: 2014 The kick is taken from where the infringement occurred, unless the offence was committed within the goal area of the team awarded the kick, in which case the kick may be taken from anywhere within the goal area. An indirect free kick within the opposing team's goal area is taken from the goal area line, parallel to the goal line, nearest to where the infringement occurred (i.e. at least 6 yards from the goal line). The ball must be stationary prior to being kicked. Opponents must remain 10 yards (9.15m) from the ball (and also outside of the penalty area if the kick is taken from within the kicking team's penalty area) until the ball is in play. The exception to this is that opponents may be within 10 yards of the ball provided they are standing on their goal line between the goal posts. The ball becomes in play when it has been kicked and moves, unless the kick was taken from within the kicking team's penalty area, in which case it is in play once it has passed completely out of the penalty area. A goal may not be scored directly from an indirect free kick, rather it must be touched by a second player before a goal can be scored. LAW 13: PENALTY KICK (Spot Kick) 2004, 08 A penalty kick is awarded against a team that commits one of the ten offences, for which a direct free kick is awarded, inside its own penalty area and while the ball is in play. A penalty kick is executed from the penalty mark, only goalkeeper stands in the goal area on the kick. Additional time is allowed for a penalty kick to be taken at the end of each half or at the end of periods of extra time. Procedure of penalty kick: 2014 1) The player taking the penalty, kicks the ball forward. 2) He does not play the ball a second time until it has touched another player. 3) The ball is in play when it is kicked and moves forward. The offences which will result in penalty kick: 2000,11 Following offences will result in a penalty kick, if committed intentionally within the penalty area: 14 1) Kicks or attempts to kick an opponent. 2) Trips or attempts to trip an opponent. 3) Jump at an opponent. 4) Charges on opponent. 5) Strikes or attempts to strike an opponent. 6) Pushes an opponent. 7)Tackles an opponent to gain possession of the ball. 8) Holds an opponent. 9) Spits at an opponent. 10) Handles the ball deliberately (except goalkeeper) in his own penalty area. Position of the ball and the players while conducting a tie break (Penalty Kicks): 2004,08,12 (i) The ball: 2014 The ball is placed on penalty mark. (ii) The player taking penalty kick: He is property identified and stands near the ball. (iii)The defending goal keeper: 2014 The defending goal keeper will stand in front of goal, on his goal line facing the kicker, between the goalpost until the ball has been kicked. (iv)The attacking goal keeper: The attacking goalkeeper will take a kick from penalty mark. (v)The players other than the kicker: 2014 They are located inside the field of play outside the penalty area and penalty arc, at least 10yds behind the penalty mark mostly in centre circle. (vi)Goal keeper of the kicker’s team: He stands on the goal line beyond penalty area. (vii)The referee: The referee will stand aside to the kicker in penalty area. (viii) The assistant referee: One assistant referee will stand near other players & other will stand aside to the kicker on goal line. Warning cards: 2005 Two types of warning cards are used by the umpires: Yellow cards : it indicates the player is cautioned. Red card : it indicates the player is sent off. 1) Caution (A Warning) : 2014 The player receive a caution if they regularly break the rules and do not respect the referee’s decision. A yellow card is shown to player when cautioned. Cautionable offences: 1997, 05,08,12 A player is cautioned and shown yellow card if he commits any of the following offences: 1) It is guilty of unsporting behavior. 2) Shows dissent by word or action. 3) Persistently infringes the laws of game. 15 4) Delays the restart of play. 5) Fails to respect the required distance when play is restarted with a corner kick or free kick. 6) Enters or re-enters the field of play without the referee’s permission. 7) Deliberately leaves the field of play without the referee’s permission. 2) An Expulsion (Sending-off offences) : 2005,06,09, 13, 14 A player, substitute or substituted player is sent-off and shown red card if he commits a serious fault or violent conduct. A player who has been sent off must leave the vicinity of the field of play & technical area. The player sent off cannot be replaced. A player is sent off and shown the red card: 2000,13 A player is sent off and shown the red card if he commits any of the following seven offences: 1) Is guilty of serious foul play. 2) Is guilty of violent conduct. 3) Spits at an opponent or any other person. 4) Denies an obvious goal-scoring opportunity to an opponent moving towards the player’s goal by an offence punishable by free kick or a penalty kick. 5) Denies the opposing team a goal or an obvious goal-scoring opportunity by deliberately handling the ball (this does not apply to a goalkeeper within his own penalty area) 6) Use offensive or insulting or abusive language and or gestures. 7) Receives a second caution in the same match. LAW 14 : THE THROW IN A throw in is a method of restarting play. A goal cannot be scored directly from a throw in. A throw in is awarded: 2001, 08,10,14 When the ball passes over the touch line, either on the ground or in the air, one player of the offending team throws the ball inside, from the point where it has crossed the touch line. PROCEDURE: 2001,08,09 At the moment of delivering the ball the thrower: 1) Faces the field of play. 2) Has part of each foot either on the touch line or on the ground, outside the touch line. 3) Uses both the hands. 4) Delivers the ball from behind and over his head. 5) Delivers the ball from the point where it left the field of play. Foul Throw:2002 In the following instances a throw will be foul throw: 1) The player throws the ball with one hand. 2) His part of one or both feet is inside the field of play. 3) He bangs the ball close to him or just drops the ball in front of him. 4) He throws the ball, far away from the point where the ball crossed the touch line. 5) The player lifts his one leg or both the legs (jumps) while throw in. LAW 15: THE GOAL KICK A goal kick is awarded: 2008 “When the ball passes over the goal line having last been touched by offensive player, and goal is not scored, the defense team is awarded a goal kick.” A goal kick is a method of restarting play. A goal may be scored directly from a goal kick, but only against the opposing team. 16 Procedure of goal kick : 2012, 14 1) The ball is kicked from any point within the goal area by a player of the defending team. 2) Opponents remain outside the penalty area until the ball is in play. 3) The kicker does not play the ball a second time until it has touched another player. 4) The ball is in play when it is kicked directly beyond the penalty area. LAW 16 : THE CORNER KICK (flag kick) A corner kick: 1998, 99 00,04,07,10,11 “A corner kick is awarded when the whole of the ball, having last touched a player of the defending team, passes over the goal line; either on ground or in the air and a goal is not scored.” It is taken from corner arc at the nearest corner flag post. A corner kick is a method of restarting play. A goal may be scored directly from a corner kick. Procedure of corner kick : 2004, 13 1) The ball is placed inside the corner arc at the nearest corner flag post. 2) The corner flag post is not moved. 3) Opponents remain at least 9.15m (10 yds) from the ball until it is in play. 4) The ball is kicked by a player of the attacking team. 5) The ball is in play when it is kicked and moves. 6) The kicker does not play the ball a second time until it has touched another player. When is it fault if a player plays the ball for a second time before it has been played by other players? 1997 Penalty kick, direct free kick, indirect free kick, Kick off, Throw in, Corner kick and Goal kick. LAW 17: FOULS AND MISCONDUCT The fouls in the game of football are: 2006, 10 1) When the ball crossed the side line or goal line. 2) To kick or hurt the opponent while the opponent is kicking the ball. 3) Trips or attempts to trip an opponent. 4) Jump at an opponent. 5) Charges on opponent. 6) Strikes or attempts to strike an opponent. 7) Pushes an opponent. 8) Tackles an opponent to gain possession of the ball. 9) Holds an opponent. 10) Spits at an opponent. 11) Handles the ball deliberately (except goalkeeper) in his own penalty area. The Fundamental skills of football: 2000, 02, 07,11, 14 The basic skills of football player are: Passing, Kicking, Trapping, Dribbling, dodging, Heading, Throw in, Tackling, goal keeping. 1) Passing: Playing the ball from one player to another player is called pass. Pass may be done by hand, or feet, over short or long distances on the ground or in the air. Types of passes. (i) Long Passes: The long passes are used in a fast game. (ii) Short passes: There are of several kinds. The push pass, Lob pass, Lick or job pass, Head pass, Chip pass, Chest pass, Back heel pass. i) Cross pass : 2009 17 To pass a low fast ball in the opposite direction. ii) Final pass : 2009 Between the goal before scoring the goal if one player passes the ball to another player and he succeeds in scoring the goal then it will be final pass. iii) Through pass: 1999,03,05, 13 A through pass is given towards forward direction between two or three defensive players either on ground or in the air to the forward player (teammate) where he get a scoring opportunity is called through pass. Simply passing the ball to own team mate through two or three opposite players. iv) Back Pass: A pass that a player makes back toward their own goal, usually made back to the goalkeeper. This is often a defensive move to restart a new phase of play. v) One-Touch Pass: A pass in which the ball is played on with a player's first touch. vi) Wall pass:: The give-and-go. So called because in soccer games played by boys in streets, the ball was often rebounded off a wall rather than passed to a teammate. 2) Kicking: 2010 Kicking is an art to control the speed, direction and the distance in the game. The different types of kicks are: Lofted kick, Low kick, Chip shot, Volley kick, Half volley kick, Back heel kick, Overhead kick, Penalty kick, Corner kick, Goal kick. i) Place Kick: 2006 It is a kick, placed to the ball with low or full force when the ball is kept stationery at one place. ii) A bicycle kick (scissor kick). The side volley. The ball is kicked in the direction that the player is facing. The player leans sideways, throws his legs upward, and volleys the ball forward with a scissor-like motion as the kicking leg passes forward over the other leg. iii) Lofted kick : This type of kick comes into play during goal kick, corner and free kicks. In this type approach run is performed obliquely or bow shaped to the playing direction standing leg’s foot prints towards the direction of the kick. The ankle of the playing foot is stretched downwards. iv) Volley Kick: Striking the ball in mid-air with either foot. 3) Trapping: Trapping means stopping the ball by wedging it between the foot and ground. The purpose of trapping is to prevent the ball from rebounding away. Ways (methods) of trapping the ball: 2006 Stopping the ball by the chest, Stopping the ball with the knees, Stopping the ball with the foot, that coming from top of the foot, Abdomen trap, Head trap. i) Chest trap: 2009 The first necessity of the game is to stop & keep under control a fast coming ball. Chest trap is stopping the ball by the chest. ii) Sole trap: 2010 It is a method of stopping the ball rolling along the field with the sole of the boot. 18  4) Dribbling: 2009 Dribbling means pushing or caring the football with foot, While dribbling the ball the player must keep the ball under control, the ball is not kicked but pushed and touches the ball at every step to keep under perfect control. Points to be kept in mind while dribbling: 2010 1) To play around the opponent. 2) To escape from opponent. 3) To keep the ball in possession. Ways of dribbling the ball: Dribbling with inside of any foot, Dribbling with outside of any foot, Dribbling with in-step, Dribbling by using inside and outside of same foot alternatively. 5) Heading: 2009 Heading means hitting the ball with head. It is done where the ball is about shoulder high or above. Points to be kept in mind while heading: 2010 1) The heading should be done with the forehead. 2) Maintain the balance with both the hands. 3) Bring the head back and hit the ball with jerk. 4) A high ball should be hit by jumping. Purpose of heading: 2003,06 An attacker heads the ball to redirect it towards the net. A defender heads the ball to deflect it away from the goal. It is used for giving pass, trapping the ball and scoring a goal. The ways of heading: (i) Heading in front of the body (forward direction) 2003 The forehead should come in contact with the ball while heading it in front of the body. (ii)Heading to the side: This is to meet the ball at the middle of the forehead turned slightly to the side and awing the head to the direction to which it is to be deflected. (iii) Heading downward: Keep the head slightly inclined forward and meet the ball with a downward movement. 6) Tackling and charging: 2009 This is to take away the ball from opponent. For this, the player keeps the eyes on the ball and watch the speed, stride and proximity of the ball to the opponent. Tackle when the ball has just left the foot of the dribbler. Use shoulder charge with the entire weight of the body to an opponent. Sliding Tackle: A tackle in which the defender slides along the surface of the field of play before making one-footed contact with the ball. Point to be kept in mind while tackling 2009: (i) Keep the eyes on the ball. (ii) Contact the ball with inside of the foot. Types of tackling: Tackling from the front, Tackling from behind, Back heel tackle, Sliding tackle etc. 7) Goalkeeper: 2009 The specialized player who is the last line of defense, who is allowed to control the ball with his hands when in the goal area. 19 Goal keeping is important for building a strong team. He uses both the hands to catch the ball. A goalkeeper must have the following techniques (skills). catching, throwing, taking goal kick, diving for the ball, deflecting the ball, dribbling and dodging. Privileged player: A goalkeeper is a privileged player in a team. He is allowed to handle the ball in his own penalty area. How the game starts in the following conditions: 1) After a goal is scored. 2010 The game will resume with a kick off from the centre mark, by the team losing the goal. 2) After half time:-2010 The game will start from the centre mark with a kick-off, by team which won the toss at the beginning of the game. Wall formation : 2010 During wall formation while taking a free kick following points should be kept in mind. (i) Tallest of all player preferred for the formation of wall. (ii)The player in the wall must face the ball. (iii)Eare should be taken that ball may not pass through the wall. (iv)Goal keeper should direct the player about the position of the wall. Formations in Football: 2008 i) 4-5-1 Formation ii) 4-2-4 Formation iii) 2- 3-5 Formation Game related technology: Attacker: A player whose job is to play the ball forward towards the opponent's goal area to create a scoring opportunity. 20 Striker: An attacking player whose job is to finish attacking plays by scoring a goal. Defender: A player whose job is to stop the opposition attacking players from goal scoring. Midfielder: The playing position for players that are responsible for linking play between attackers and defenders. Wingers: Attackers who play on the wings/flanks of the field. Sweeper : A player who does not mark any player of the opposite side but comes up behind the other defenders when the opposite team attempts to make a goal. Advantage :2010 An advantage refers to a situations in which the referee calls to play on despite a foul because the team that would be given a free kick already has the advantage of scoring or passing opportunity. Cover : To mark an opponent or help the player of the same side who is having a touch time. Dead ball : When play is stopped and the ball is not moving, it is a dead ball. All free kicks, including penalty kicks, have to be taken from a dead. i.e.,stationary ball. Back heal: 2003 The player brings his foot in front of the ball and uses his back heal to flick the ball towards to a teammate or to score a goal. It can confuse the opposition. The most spectacular backheel trick is scoring with your back to the goal. A defensive lapse: 1999 When the defense does not perform their duty given to them including the goalkeeper, may be because they were not in their position to mark the opponent, they were very slow in tackling the opponent, they failed man to man marking, goalkeeper does not dive or become sweeper, the opponents (attacking team) gets good scoring opportunity, simply the defence collapse is called defensive lapse. Mark: In man-to-man coverage the defender is said to mark (rather than guard) the attacker. The closer he plays to him, the tighter the marking; the further away, the looser the marking. Man to Man Marking: A defensive system where defenders are designated one attacking player to track continuously. Zone Defense: A defensive system where defenders mark a designated area of the field of play instead of tracking players across the field. Give and Go Pass (1-2 Pass): When a player passes the ball to a teammate, who immediately one-touch passes the ball back to the first player. In swinger: A kick that curves in toward the goal. Out Swinger: A kick that swerves away from the goal. Obstruction: Causing obstruction, which is blocking an opponent with the body, is penalized by awarding an indirect free kick to the opposition..Offside Trap: 21 A technique used by defenders to put attacking players in an offside position, by moving quickly away from their own goal to leave attackers offside. QUESTION PAPERS 2005 Q.8 a) Explain the following terms in football. i) Through pass ii) Corner arc iii) Direct free kick iv) Dropped ball v) Technical area (10) b) List the basic compulsory equipment of player on the field of play in the game of football. (6) c) If the final match of a tournament ends in a draw without any provision for both the teams to be declared joint winners, explain the procedure to be followed by the referee to decide the winner. (6) d) How many types of warning cards are used by referee ? What does each card indicate (3) Q.9 a) Draw a diagram of a goal post and write its dimensions. (10) b) Explain the following terms in football. i) Kick off ii) Sending off offence iii) Goal line (6) c) List any six cautionable offences that can be committed by a player in football. (6) d) What decision will be given by the referee in each of the following situations ? (3) i) If the goal keeper keep possession of the ball for more than six seconds. ii) If a player receives a second caution in the same game. iii) If a player delays the restart of play : 2006 Q.8 a) Explain the following terms in football: i) Outer circle ii) Optional mark iii) Place kick iv) Injury time v) Throw in (10) b) Explain the procedure of substitution during a match. (6) c) Mention any three fouls and three offences in the game of football ? (6) d) What is meant by a drop ball ? (3) Q.9) a) Draw a well labeled diagram of football field giving all its dimensions. (10) b) State any three ways of trapping the ball. (6) c) What is kick off ? When is it conducted ? (6) d)What is the purpose of heading the ball ? (3) 2007 Q.8 a) With the help of a diagram, show any two formations in football. (10) b) Mention any three situations when a direct free kick is awarded and three situations when an indirect free kick is awarded. (6) c) Explain the duties of the referee before and during the match. (6) d) Mention any three fundamental skills required in the game of football. (3) Q.9 a) Explain the following terms in football. (10) i) Extra time ii) Sudden death iii) Corner kick iv) Fifa v) Fourth official b) Explain any six offences committed by a player for which a yellow card is shown. (6) c) i) What is meant by offside ? ii) Under what circumstances is a player not declared off – side even though he is standing in the offside position? (6) d) What is a dropped ball ? When is it conducted ? (3) 2008 Q. 8 A) Explain the following terms : (10) I)Added time ii) Penalty kick iii) Sending off offence iv) Caution v) Goal kick 22 B)What is the importance of the following in the game of football? (8) i)Optional mark ii) Penalty arc (outer circle) iii)Penalty area iv) Centre circle C)State any three ways of restarting play. (3) D)When is throw I awarded and how is it conducted? (4) Q9. A) Draw a diagram of a football field showing the following dimensions? i) Penalty area ii)penalty arc iii) Penalty mark (6) B) List the equipment which should be carried by referee while conduction the match? (6) C) i. When is a goal considered to have been scored? (6) ii. State any two ways in which time is lost during the game. D) What is the position on the following while conducting a tie break? (7) i. Defending goalkeeper ii. Players other than goalkeeper & kicker iii. Referee iv. Attacking goalkeeper 2009 Q8 A) Write a note on:- (8) i)Net in the football field ii)Air pressure in the ball iii)Final Pass B)I) What is kick off? What are the main points to be kept in mind while trackling? (9) When can a player be sent off by the referee? II)Why is goal keeping important ?What skills are required by the goal keeper ? C)Explain the following term: I) Chest trap II) Cross pass (8) Q9. a)Give measurements of the following :- (8) i)Radius of centre circle ii)Distance between the goal posts iii) Distance between penalty mark & goal line iv)Corner arc at each corner flag post inside the field of play. b)i) Explain the following terms:- Dribbling, Heading, tackling (9) ii) Write a short note on players equipments: C) I) When is the ball in play & out of play. (8) ii) What is the procedure of taking throw in? 2010 Q8 a)Draw a diagram of a football field showing the following with dimensions:- (8) i)Goal lines & touch lines ii)the corner area iii)the goal area iv)Centre circle & centre mark b) State any three instances when the opposite team is awarded an indirect free kick for an offence committed by the goal keeper. (3) ii)State any three duties of a linesman. (3) iii)State any three fouls in the game of football. (3) c)i)When is corner kick awarded & from where it Is taken? (4) ii)State the following :- (4) 1) Duration of a football match (men) 2)Interval of a football match 3) Officials for conducting a football match. 4) Duration of extra time Q9 a)i) When is a throw in awarded to a team. (4) ii)What is meant by the team dropped ball & sole trapping. (4) b)i)What are the main points to be kept in mind while dribbling? (3) ii)What is kicking. (3) iii)What is the shape ,circumference &weight of the football? (3) c)i)How should the game resume in the following cases? (8) ii)After a goal is scored as after half time? iii)What should be kept in mind during wall formation, while a free kick is being taken? 23  2011 Q8. (a)i What are the procedures to take a throw in? Ii Write any four instances where a Direct Free Kick is awarded. (8) (b)i Mention any three fundamental skills of playing Football. Ii Explain the procedure in detail for the Tie-breaker in the game of Football Iii What is the duration of the game? When can this duration be extended? (9) (c)i) What are the duties of the referee before the match? ii) What is the distance between the goal posts and what is the height of the cross bar from the ground? Q.9(a) I) State any four offences committed by a player within his own penalty area, which warrants the award of a penalty kick. II)What is the circumference and weight of a standard Football? State its minimum and maximum size. (b) I How is a goal scored in the game of Football? II As a Referee what decisions would you take if the following incidents occur during a match? (1) A player intentionally pushes an opponent (2) A defending player intentionally handles the ball in the penalty area (3) A player indulges in misconduct even after receiving a Yellow Card. (9) (c) I Explain the following: (1) corner-kick (2) ball out play Ii Explain the term offside. (8) 2012 Q8a) i) What is the width of all the lines drawn on a football field? ii) What is a penalty arc and why is it important? iii) Explain the position of the ball and the players during a penalty kick? b)i) What is the producer of resuming the game from a Goal Kick? ii) Give any three situations when a kick-off is applied? iii) Give three offences for which a yellow card is shown to a player? c)i) Write four situations when a player is not offside when he receives the ball. ii) How many player substitution are allowed to a term during a match? Q9a)i) Write the maximum and the minimum number of players required to begin a match? ii) Answer the following: 1) Shape and material of the ball 2) Circumference and weight of the ball. iii) State any four duties of the referee during a match in progress. b)i) What is advantage in football? ii) Define the following: 1) Zone defence 2) Man to man defence. c)i)Explain the following terms: 1) A drop ball 2) A slide tackle. ii) State any four situations when a direct free kick is awarded to the opposing team. 2013 Question 8 a) Define the following terms : i)A goal scored ii) free kick iii)Sent off iv) A through pass. (8) b) i)What is the procedure of resuming the game from a corner kick ? 24  ii)Name three places from where the ball is passed to an offside player but an offside is not given. iii)List any three offences for which a Red Card is shown to a player. (9) c) What decision will the referee give in the following cases ? i) When the goal is scored unintentionally by the centre referee. ii) At a kick off the same player touches the ball a second time. iii) During a penalty kick the ball rebounds from the crossbar and the same player kicks in the ball to score a goal iv) A defense player intentionally handles the ball in the penalty area. (8) Question 9 a) Draw a diagram of a Football field showing the following areas with dimensions : Touch lines, Goal lines, The goal area, The penalty area, The penalty mark, The penalty arc The centre circle, The corner arc (8) b) i)mention three fouls of a Goalkeeper that result in an indirect free kick being awarded. ii)List any three duties to be performed by the Captain of the team. iii)When is the ball considered out of play ? (9) c) i)Give the proper procedure to replace a player with a substitute player. ii)Explain the following : 1) An off-side 2) Extra – time (8) 2014 Question 8 (a) Explain the following terms in football (8) (i) An Expulsion (ii) A Warning. (iii) Injury time. (iv) A Throw in. (b) What is the procedure of resuming the game from: (9) (i) A Penalty kick (ii) A Goal kick. (iii) An Indirect Free-kick. (c) Write the following: (8) (i) Length and breadth of the field. (ii) Duration of the match and duration of extra time. (iii) Breadth and Height of the Goal Post. (iv) Radius of Centre circle and Corner arc. Question 9 (a) Write the following: (8) (i) Weight and Circumference of the ball. (ii) Minimum and maximum number of players to begin the match. (iii) State the full form of ‘FIFA’. (iv) (1) The distance of the Penalty point from the Goal line. (2) The Height of the Corner flags. (b) (i) Under what three situations is a player not considered off-side? (9) (ii) State the position of the following during the execution of a penalty kick in a game of football: (1) The ball. (2) The defending goal-keeper.(3) The players. (iii) State any three duties of an Assistant Referee. (c) Explain the following: (8) (i) A Goal scored.(ii) A Tie breaker.(iii) Sudden death. (iv) Any four fundamental skills of Football. 25