Empowerment Technology Midterm 2024-2025 PDF

**CATHOLIC SCHOOLS IN IFUGAO** **EMPOWERMENT TECHNOLOGY** **Midterm 2^nd^ Semester -- A. Y. 2024-2025** **LESSON 1: Introduction to Information and Communication Technologies** *Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)* deals with the use of different communication technologies such as m...

**CATHOLIC SCHOOLS IN IFUGAO** **EMPOWERMENT TECHNOLOGY** **Midterm 2^nd^ Semester -- A. Y. 2024-2025** **LESSON 1: Introduction to Information and Communication Technologies** *Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)* deals with the use of different communication technologies such as mobile phones, telephones, Internet, etc., to locate, save, send, and edit information. Let\'s say, that when we make a video call, we use the internet. When we send text messages or make a call, we use cellular networks. When we run out of loads, we use payphones with telephone networks. **What is the goal of ICT?** - 1. 2. ***[There are key features of Web 2.0]*** A. Folksonomy -- [It allows users to categorize information using freely chosen keywords.] For example, tagging or using hashtag (\#) on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram to shorten their thoughts. Categorizes contents that you like B. Rich-User Experience -- The user needs to create his/her account on the specific website to see the contents of that website, meaning, only the user's account is used to modify the contents of that website. Create an acct. to experience the full potential of the web. C. User Participation -- The owner of the website is not the only one who can put content. Others can put their own using comments, reviews, and evaluations. For example, Amazon.com and other online stores. Same as 2, but no need to make acct. D. Long Tail -- These are [services that are offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase.] Services refer to a plan (not a free website); you have to pay an amount for the plan to view the contents of the website. Otherwise, you cannot use their website. It is synonymous with subscribing to a data plan that charges you for the amount of time you spend on the internet, or a data plan that charges you the amount of bandwidth you use. Subscriptions to continue using the app or web. E. Software as a service -- [Users will subscribe to software only when needed rather than purchasing them]. Some websites offer all-purpose software such as installers, educational books, and others. The user may only buy the software when needed and own it for his entire life. An example is a word processor. A user can purchase it one time, install it on his computer, and use it for his entire life. F. Mass Participation -- The [website's content is based on people from diverse cultures]. So, even if the website is designed or created in India, the Filipino people may see the content of the said website. 3. **Trends in Information Communication Technology (ICT)** As ICT continues to grow, the industry has focused on several innovations. These innovations cater to the needs of the people who benefit most from ICT. Whether it is for business or personal use, these trends are the current front runners in the innovation of ICT. 1. Convergence -- [It is the synergy of technological advancements to work on similar goals or tasks conveniently.] Besides using your personal computer to create Word documents, you can now use your Smartphone. Smartphones can also use Cloud Technologies (Google drives) to sync files from one device to another while using LTE Technology which means you can access your files anytime and anywhere. 2. Social Media -- It [is a website application or online channel that enables web users to create, co-create, discuss, modify, and exchange user-generated content]. Nowadays, internet users spend more time on social media sites than on any other type of site. More and more advertisers and online sellers use social media to promote their products. ***Six types of social media*** A. Social Networks -- allow you to connect with other people with the same interests or background. Example: Facebook. B. Bookmarking Sites -- allow you to store and manage links to various websites and resources. Example, Pinterest. C. Media Sharing -- allows you to upload and share media content like images, music, and video. Example, Youtube. D. Microblogging -- focuses on short updates from the user. Only the subscriber/ follower will be able to receive the latest updates. Example, Twitter. E. Blogs and forums -- allow users to post their content. Other users can comment on said topic. Example, WordPress F. Mobile Technologies -- The popularity of Smartphones and tablets has taken a major rise over the years because of their [capability to do tasks that were originally found in personal computers.] Several Smartphones are capable of using high-speed internet using [4G Networking which is currently the fastest mobile network. ] ***Mobile phone's different operating system*** A. iOS -- used in Apple devices such as iPhone and iPad B. Android -- an open-source operating system developed by Google. Open source means several mobile phone companies use this for free. C. Blackberry -- used in Blackberry devices. D. Windows Phone OS -- a closed-source and proprietary operating system developed by Microsoft. E. Symbian -- the original Smartphone OS used by the Nokia Company. F. WebOS -- Smartphone's OS that is also used for Smart TVs. G. Windows Mobile -- developed by Microsoft for Smartphones and pocket PCs. H. Assistive Media -- is a non-profit service designed to help people who have visual and reading impairments. A database of audio recordings is used to read by the user. **LESSON 1.2: Rules of Netiquette** **Ask Yourself?** How many hours do you spend on the internet per day? Can you live without the internet for a week? How many aspects of your life depend on the Internet? How many times have you complained about your internet connection speed? As a teenager, you are exposed to many things powered by the internet. Whether it is socializing, playing games, reading news, shopping, etc., the internet has given you one of the most powerful tools that your parents, during their teenage years, did not have. Because of this, do you think that it is also important to wield this powerful tool properly? Without proper training, a swordsman can easily injure himself when wielding a sword. The same could be said of you whenever you use the internet. The internet truly is a powerful tool. It can be used to promote business, gain new friends, stay in touch with our loved ones, and be a source of entertainment. But like most things in this world, there is always the "other side of the coin." The internet is one of the most dangerous places especially if you do not know what you are doing with it. *Below are some **tips to stay safe online**.* 1. Be mindful of what you share online and to what site you share it. 2. Do not just accept terms and conditions; read it first before you accept. 3. Check out the privacy policy page of a website to learn how the website handles information you share. 4. Know the security features of the social networking sites you use. 5. Do not share your password with anyone. 6. Avoid logging in to public networks. Browsing in Incognito (private) mode", a feature of the browser, will protect you from hackers. 7. Do not talk to strangers whether online or on video call. 8. Never post anything about a future vacation. It is similar to posting "Rob my house at this date." 9. Add friends you know in real life. 10. Avoid visiting untrusted websites. 11. Install and update antivirus software on your computer. 12. If you have WiFi, make it a private network by adding a password. 13. Avoid downloading from untrusted websites. 14. Buy software, do not use pirated ones. 15. Do not reply or click links from suspicious emails. **In Internet Threats** H There are some threats you should be aware of when using the Internet: 1. Malware -- stands for malicious software, any software that can harm or damage your computer. a. Virus -- malware designed to replicate itself and transfer from one computer to another either through the internet and local networks or data storage like flash drives and CDs. b. Worm -- malware that transfers from one computer to another by any type of means. c. Trojan -- malware disguised as a useful program but once downloaded or installed leaves your PC unprotected and allows hackers to get your information. d. Spyware -- a program that runs in the background without you knowing it (thus called "spy"). It can monitor what you are currently doing and typing through keylogging. *Key loggers* are used to record the keystrokes done by the users. This is done to steal their password or any other sensitive information. e. Adware -- a program designed to send you advertisements, mostly as pop-ups. 2. Spam -- unwanted email mostly from bots or advertisers. It can be used to send malware. 3. Phishing -- Its goal is to acquire sensitive information like passwords and credit card details. This is done by sending you an email that will direct the user to visit a website and be asked to update his/her username, password, credit card, or other personal information. - Pharming -- a more complicated form of phishing where it exploits the DNS (domain name service) system. **Protecting Reputations Online** In the past, doing something embarrassing was not much of a big deal because people can easily forget and move on. Nowadays, embarrassing moments are captured using any device you could imagine and uploaded to the internet, where they can be stored forever. This could impact not only your reputation but also the people around you. Once you post something over the internet, search engines keep it in their archives for search results. This makes anything you post last forever even if you delete it from your page. **Think Before You Click** - [is the golden rule when going online]. Always think a million times before posting something on the web. Set your post to "private". In this way, search engines will not be able to scan that post. If you feel a post can affect your reputation, ask the one who posted it to pull it down or report it as inappropriate. Avoid using names that search engines suggest you use because search engines can easily scan those names. **Copyright Infringement** -- As a responsible user of the Internet, you have to consider that not everything out there is free for you to use. Just like your own, if you create something like an idea, an invention, a form of literary work, or research, you have the right to know how it should be used by others. This is called *intellectual property.* In other words, the copyright law includes your rights over your work, and anyone who uses it without your consent may be punished by law. [Here are some tips that could help avoid copyright infringement] 1. Understand -- You should express something using your own words, but you should give credit to the source. 2. Be responsible -- Always read the copyright page to know if something has a copyright. 3. Be creative -- It is important to add your creative genius to everything that will be credited to you. 4. Know the law -- There are some limitations to copyright laws. The word applies, "Fair Use", means that an intellectual property may be used without consent as long as it is used in commentaries, criticisms, search engines, parodies, news reports, research, library archiving, teaching, and education. If you have doubts that what you are doing does not fall under the policy of fair use, seek permission first. **Online Research** Have you ever searched the internet for certain information where the search engine returned a different result? The information that we need is more likely already on the internet. It is just a matter of how to look for it and how to use information from the most credible source. [Here are some tips for conducting online research] 1. Have a question in mind -- Focus on the question you want to answer. If it is a series of questions, start with one. Never search for everything in one go. 2. Narrow it down -- use several filters to determine the most appropriate result for you. For example, if you were to look for science research experiments, it would be better to include what branch of science it is or what type of study it is. 3. Advance search - This allows you to filter out information you do not need. How to do it? In Google, simply search a word as you would normally do, and then click the advanced search option on the options button located at the upper right corner of the page. Once done, you can now filter your search results. 4. Look for credible sources -- Always look for credible sources because anyone can alter or edit information online. **LESSON 2: ADVANCED WORD PROCESSING SKILLS** In the professional world, sending out information to convey important information is vital. Because of ICT, things are now sent much faster than traditional newsletters or postal mail. We can now use the Internet to send out information we need to share. What if we could still do things much faster, like creating and sending uniform letters to different recipients? Would that not be more convenient? How? **Mail Merge** -- it is a feature in MS Word that allows you to create documents and combine or merge them with another document or data file. **Form Document** -- It is a document that contains the main body of the message we want to convey. **Data File** -- It includes the individual information or recipient's information. **Merge Field/ Place Holder** -- It marks the position where individual data or recipient's information will be inserted. *Steps in Creating Mail Merge* 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. *Steps* *in Using Mail Merge* 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. a. Edit Individual Document -- opens each recipient's document allowing you to personalize further the documents. b. Print Documents -- allows you to print out a copy of the document for each individual listed in your contact sheet. c. Send Email Messages -- allows you to send out documents by email. *Integrating Images and Materials* 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. *Image Placement* 1. 2. 3. 4. **LESSON 3: IMAGING AND DESIGN FOR ONLINE ENVIRONMENT** Creating a web page is like creating a work of art. There are certain things that you need to consider to get your message across. Some of these tips can help you in graphics and layout making. **Basic Principles of Graphics and Layout** 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. **Infographics** Information graphics or infographics are used to represent information, statistics, or knowledge in a graphical manner usually done in a creative way to attract the viewer's attention. *Steps in creating an infographic using piktochart.* 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. a. *Graphics* -- allows you to insert lines, shapes, icons, and even photos. b. *Uploads* -- allows you to upload images for your infographics. c. *Background* -- changes the background of the selected block. d. *Text* -- allows you to insert text to your infographic with the option to add text frames. e. *Styles* -- allows you to modify the color scheme of your infographic. f. *Tools* - allows you to create charts (similar to the ones in PowerPoint), maps (for demographics), and videos. - Double-click a text to edit the content. - When working with objects, the toolbox on top of the topmost block will allow you to manipulate it. This is similar to working with objects in PowerPoint where you can arrange an object to be on top or bottom of another. - When working with charts, double-click the chart to open the database editor. - You may rename the title of your infographic on the top toolbar. 6. **Online image file formats** Unlike images that are found on our computer, you have to consider that website images should be more compressed because data travels over the Internet and not everyone has a fast Internet connection. Below are common image file formats used on the web. ----------------------------------- -------------------- ----------------------------------------- --------------------------- ------------------------- **Name** **File Extension** **Use** **Supports transparency** **Supports animations** Joint Photographics Experts Group.jpeg/.jpg Real-life photographs, high compression No No Graphics Interchange Format.gif Computer generated graphics Yes Yes Portable Network Graphics.png Screenshots, high compatibility Yes No ----------------------------------- -------------------- ----------------------------------------- --------------------------- ------------------------- **Principles and Basic Techniques of Image Manipulation** 1. 2. 3. **Creating and Manipulating Images Using Image Editor** There are plenty of image manipulation tools but if you are to create a website, you have to use the one that is efficient such as PHOTOSCAPE. Photoscape is a good tool because it is feasible for beginners and advanced users alike. It has many features that you can use for creating web content such as Viewer, Editor, Batch Editor, Page, Combine, Animated GIF, Splitter, Print, Color Picker, Rename, Paper Print, and Screen Capture. **LESSON 4: ONLINE PLATFORMS for ICT CONTENT DEVELOPMENT** **Online Platforms for ICT Content Development** 1. *Social* *Media* *Platforms* -- refers to websites like Facebook which allows you to create not only personal accounts but also pages and groups where you can share content. These are mobile or internet-based platforms used and controlled by sellers or any Affiliates for the exclusive purpose of promoting the business and professional networking. The only downside of this is that you are restricted to Facebook's "one size fits all design". 2. *Blogging Platforms* -- refers to websites like WordPress which focus on content and design. These are broadcast-style communications systems that enable authors to publish articles, opinions, or product reviews (known as posts) which can be delivered through stand-alone websites, email, feed syndication systems, and social networks. In short, these allow you to create and design your websites. - Content Management System (CMS) -- is a computer application (sometimes online or browser-related) used in blogs, news websites, and shopping that allows you to publish, edit manipulate, organize, and delete web content. One of the most popular blogging platforms is WordPress. It allows you to create and design your blogs for free and use them in a wide selection of free themes. **WYSIWYG** 1. Download and install WordPress from Play Store \> Sign up using your email address. 2. Choose a type of your website (blog, business, professional, and blank canvas). 3. Pick your domain or site address (choose the free option) \> Create site. 4. Your site has been created \> Click OK \> Click Accept. 5. Once done, click **Customize Your Site** and you will be directed to a page where you can edit your website (upload site icon, browse themes, etc). 6. Once done, hover down, and click on **pages** to create your first post (click on the *pink icon* seen at the bottom left part of your screen to create) 7. Once clicked, you will be directed to a new window, enter your blog title (ex. Mayoyao Tourist Spots), then start writing your blog. **Posting on Your WordPress Blog** 1. Once done with your blog, click on **Publish** to post it on your website. 2. Set status stability such as Publish or only Draft, etc. 3. Set Publish Date 4. Once done, click on **Publish Now.** ***Other ways to create a website*** When we hear the word "website", we conclude that this was made by a successful person or a programming expert individual. But anyone can design his or her website even with or without coding/ programming skills by simply manipulating the Microsoft Word program. **Creating a website using Microsoft Word** 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. **Web Portals** A *web portal* is a website that contains information from different sources and places them in one location in a uniform way. There are plenty of online collaborative tools that an organization or group can use to communicate through the use of the Internet. *See examples below* 1. Yahoo! ([www.yahoo.com]) - offers a web portal where news, email, weather, etc. are found on one page. The information found in the image came from different websites/ sources. 2. Facebook groups -- allows every member to see posts on a group. 3. WordPress -- allows viewers to interact with each other. 4. Google Drive 5. Microsoft Office Online 6. Microsoft Yammer 7. Trello -- introduces boards where every member of the organization can see the different tasks for a certain project. **Online Collaborative Tools** Working together does not necessarily mean you have to be physically together. These tools can help your group "go the distances" and work as if you already have your own office. There are plenty of online collaborative tools. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.