Need For Physical Education - Chapter 3 PDF

CHAPTER 3 Need For Physical Education Subtopics:- 1. Physical Growth and Development 2. Children And Movement 3. Objective of Physical Education C...

CHAPTER 3 Need For Physical Education Subtopics:- 1. Physical Growth and Development 2. Children And Movement 3. Objective of Physical Education Click or tap here to enter text. Our young learners love to get up and move throughout the day. Physical activity breaks up monotony within the classroom, gets children excited to participate, and allows them to get their energy out. Physical activity is an important part of education and should be built into a child’s day at your center. There are many physical, social, and emotional benefits to having children partake in consistent physical activity. A lack of physical activity in children could lead to physical health issues in the future, along with negative effects on their mental and social well-being. 1|P a g e C h a p t e r 3 : Need For Physical Education Physical Growth and Development Types of growth: - Physical growth (Ht, Wt, head & chest circumference) - Physiological growth (vital signs …) Types of development: - Motor development - Cognitive development - Emotional development - Social development Stages of Physical Growth and Development. Stages Weight Height Development. Newborn Weight = 2.700 – Boys average Ht = Senses 4 kg 50 cm a)Touch - Wt loss 5% -10% Girls average Ht = usually comfortable with by 3-4 days after 49 cm touch(at lips, tongue, ears, Normal range for birth both (47.5- 53.75 and forehead) - Wt gain by 10th cm) b) Vision days of life Pupils react to light Bright - Gain ¾ kg by the Head lights appear to be end of the 1st circumference unpleasant to newborn month 33-35 cm infant. Head is ¼ total Follow objects in line of body length vision. Skull has 2 c)Hearing fontanels (anterior Ordinary sounds are heard & posterior well before 10 days of life d)Taste Well developed as bitter and sour fluids are resisted while sweet fluids are accepted. e)Smell newborn infant’s search for the nipple, as he smell breast milk. 2|P a g e C h a p t e r 3 : Need For Physical Education  Stages Weight Height Development Infants Weight : the Length increases Motor infant gains : about 3 cm /month At 2 months - Birth to 4 during the 1st 3 Hold head erects months → ¾ kg months of age, in mid-position. /month Turn from side - 5 to 8 then it increases 2 back. months → ½ kg / cm /month at age At 3 months, the infant month of 4-6 months, can - 9 to 12 Hold head erects months → ¼ kg Then, at 7 – 12 and steady. /month months, it Open or close increases 1 ½ cm hand loosely. The infant will per month Hold object put in double his birth hand wt by 4-5 months At 4 Months, the infants and triple it by 10- can 12 months of age Sit with adequate support. Roll over from front to back. Hold head erect and steady while in sitting position. Bring hands together in midline and plays with fingers. Grasp objects with both hands. At 5 Month, the infant can Balance head well when sitting. Site with slight support. Pull feet up to mouth when supine. Grasp objects with whole hand (Rt. or Lt.). Hold one object while looking at another 3|P a g e C h a p t e r 3 : Need For Physical Education  Stages Weight Height Development Toddler The toddler's During 1–2 years, Fine Motor average weight the child's height 1 year old: transfer gain is 1.8 to 2.7 increases by objects from hand to hand kg/year. 1cm/month. 2 year old: can hold a Formula to crayon and color vertical calculate normal The toddler's strokes weight of children height increases Turn the page of a over 1 year of age about 10 to book is 12.5cm/year. Build a tower of six Age in years blocks 3 year old: copy a circle X 2+8 = ….. kg. and a cross – build e.g., The weight of using small blocks a child aging 4 Gross Motor years =4X2+8= Walk alone. 16 kg Creep upstairs. Assume standing position without falling. Hold a cup with all fingers grasped around it. At 18 months: Hold cup with both hands. Transfer objects hand-to hand at will. At 24 months: Go up and down stairs alone with two feet on each step. Hold a cup with one hand. Remove most of own clothes. Drink well from a small glass held in one hand. 4|P a g e C h a p t e r 3 : Need For Physical Education  Stages Weight Height Development Preschool The preschooler He doubles birth Fine Motor gains length by 4–5 years 3 year old: copy a circle approximately of age and a cross – build using 1.8kg/year. small blocks School–age child 4 year old: use scissors, gains about color within the borders 3.8kg/year. 5 year old: write some Boys tend to letters and draw a person gain slightly more weight through 12 with body parts years. Gross Motor Weight Formula Buttoning clothing for 7 - 12 yrs Holding a pencil = Building with small blocks (age in yrs x 7 )– 5 Using scissors Playing a board game 2 Have child draw picture of himself Pulse: 90+15 beats/min (75 to 105). Respiration: 21+3C/min (18–24). Blood Pressure: 100/60+16/10 5|P a g e C h a p t e r 3 : Need For Physical Education Objective Of Physical Education The main objectives of physical education are to: Develop motor abilities like strength, speed, endurance, coordination, flexibility, agility and balance, as they are important aspects for good performance in different games and sports. Develop techniques and tactics involved in organised physical activities, games and sports. Acquire knowledge about human body as its functioning is influenced by physical activities. Understand the process of growth and development as participation in physical activities has positive relationship with it. Develop socio-psychological aspects like control of emotions, balanced behaviour, development of leadership and followership qualities and team spirit through participation in games and sports. 6|P a g e C h a p t e r 3 : Need For Physical Education