Week 5 PDF - Istanbul Gelisim University

Name of Department : NURSING Course Code and Name : HEY413E REHABILITATION NURSING Course Week : WEEK 5 Course Day and Time : Tuesday (12:00 to 13:50) Course Credit/ACTS Information : 2 Examination Type and Gradings : Mcqs Instructor’s Name & Sur...

Name of Department : NURSING Course Code and Name : HEY413E REHABILITATION NURSING Course Week : WEEK 5 Course Day and Time : Tuesday (12:00 to 13:50) Course Credit/ACTS Information : 2 Examination Type and Gradings : Mcqs Instructor’s Name & Surname : Dr. Hina Zahoor E-mail & Phone: : [email protected] Instructor’s Room : 305 Office Hours : 9.00 to 5.00 GBS Link : https://gbs.gelisim.edu.tr/ders-detay-5-160-6267-1 ALMS Link : https://lms.gelisim.edu.tr/almsp/u/Home/Index AVESIS Link : https://persis.gelisim.edu.tr/Default.aspx  | WEEKLY LEARNING OUTCOMES | 1.Identify the main goals of rehabilitation for chronic conditions, including pain reduction, improved physical function, and enhanced quality of life. 2.Recognize various types of rehabilitation interventions like physical, occupational, and speech therapy, and understand their roles in patient care. 3.Understand the importance of a team-based approach in rehabilitation, involving coordination among physiotherapists, psychologists, and other specialists. 4.Evaluate recent trends such as VR, robotics, and AI in rehabilitation, understanding their role in enhancing patient outcomes and offering remote care solutions.  | NOTE | Attendance Attendance is mandatory for all scheduled lectures.  | NOTE | Be Responsible Come to class on time.  | NOTE | Be disciplined Avoid talking to friends in the class.  | NOTE | Show discipline Mobiles are not allowed in the class.  | ABOUT THE LAST LESSON | Chronic diseases Features Of Chronic Diseases Risk Factors Of Chronic Diseases Disability Causes and Risk Factors of Disability Disabling barriers Rehabilitation strategies for improving the health of the elderly  | ABOUT THE TODAY LESSON | Chronic Conditions and Disabilities -2 (Rehabilitation for chronic conditions )  | DAILY FLOW | 12.00-12.50 / 1st Hour Goals of Rehabilitation for Chronic Conditions Types of Rehabilitation Interventions Multidisciplinary Approach Key Focus Areas for Different Conditions 13.00-13.50/ 2nd Hour Recent Rehabilitation Technology Trends  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | 1. Goals of Rehabilitation for Chronic Conditions Improve Physical Function: Enhance mobility, strength, endurance, and overall physical functioning to perform daily activities. Pain Management: Use therapies such as physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to alleviate chronic pain and improve coping mechanisms. Enhance Quality of Life: Focus on the psychological and social well- being of the patient, helping them adapt to lifestyle changes brought about by their condition. Promote Independence: Equip patients with the skills and strategies to perform activities of daily living independently, reducing the need for long- term care.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | 2. Types of Rehabilitation Interventions Physical Therapy (PT): Focuses on exercises to improve strength, flexibility, balance, and coordination, tailored to each patient’s abilities and condition. Occupational Therapy (OT): Helps patients regain skills for everyday activities, such as dressing, cooking, and using adaptive devices to maintain independence. Speech and Language Therapy: For conditions affecting speech, swallowing, and communication, such as after a stroke or in Parkinson’s disease. Psychological Support: Addresses mental health challenges, including anxiety, depression, and adjustment difficulties that are common in chronic conditions. Nutritional Counseling: Develops dietary plans that address specific needs, such as controlling blood sugar levels in diabetes or managing weight for heart disease.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | 3. Multidisciplinary Approach Rehabilitation for chronic conditions is most effective when provided by a team of healthcare professionals. This may include doctors, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, dietitians, psychologists, and social workers. A coordinated approach ensures comprehensive care, addressing the physical, psychological, and social dimensions of the patient's condition.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Key Focus Areas for Different Conditions Cardiovascular Rehabilitation: Emphasizes exercise training, education on heart-healthy living, and counseling to reduce heart disease risk factors and improve heart health. Pulmonary Rehabilitation: Aims to improve the lung function and overall well-being of those with COPD or other chronic respiratory conditions through exercise, breathing techniques, and education. Neurological Rehabilitation: Tailored for individuals recovering from strokes, traumatic brain injuries, or living with conditions like Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis, focusing on improving motor function, communication, and cognitive skills. Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation: For conditions like osteoarthritis and chronic back pain, this focuses on pain relief, strengthening muscles, and improving joint function.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Cardiovascular Rehabilitation What does cardiac rehab involve? Cardiac rehabilitation doesn’t change your past, but it can help you improve your heart’s future. Cardiac rehab is a medically supervised program designed to improve your cardiovascular health if you have experienced a heart attack, heart failure, angioplasty or heart surgery.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Cardiac rehab has three equally important parts: Exercise counseling and training: Exercise gets your heart pumping and your entire cardiovascular system working. You’ll learn how to get your body moving in ways that promote heart health. Education for heart-healthy living: A key element of cardiac rehab is educating yourself: How can you manage your risk factors and take care of yourself? Quit smoking? Make heart-healthy nutrition choices? Counseling to reduce stress: Stress hurts your heart. This part of cardiac rehab helps you identify and tackle everyday sources of stress.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Is cardiac rehab for me? People of all ages with heart conditions can benefit from a cardiac rehab program. You may benefit if you have or have experienced a: Heart attack (myocardial infarction) Heart condition, such as coronary artery disease, or CAD; angina; or heart failure Heart procedure or surgery, including coronary artery bypass graft, or CABG surgery; percutaneous coronary intervention, or PCI, including coronary or balloon angioplasty and stenting; valve replacement; a pacemaker; or implantable cardioverter defibrillator, also known as an ICD  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Pulmonary rehabilitation What is pulmonary rehabilitation? Pulmonary rehabilitation is a health program to help improve symptoms of chronic (long-term) lung diseases. A team of healthcare providers guides you through physical activities (based on your tolerance level), education and techniques to help you manage your breathing during everyday activities. Pulmonary rehabilitation can get you moving again, at a pace that’s right for you. It won’t cure lung disease, but you may notice fewer breathing problems, more strength and an improved quality of life.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Pulmonary rehabilitation What happens in pulmonary rehabilitation? Pulmonary rehabilitation focuses on exercise and education. But your team will tailor it based on your goals and an assessment of your health. Possible aspects of pulmonary rehabilitation include: Exercise. Education. Breathing retraining. Chest physiotherapy and airway clearance. Mental health support. Nutrition. Some of these might be in one-on-one sessions and others might be in a group session.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Pulmonary rehabilitation Who leads pulmonary rehabilitation? Your pulmonary rehabilitation team could include: Respiratory therapists. Physical therapists. Occupational therapists. Pulmonologists. Psychologists. Dietitians. Social workers. How long does pulmonary rehab last? Pulmonary rehabilitation is usually two or three times a week for four to 12 weeks or more. You have to continue safe physical activities at home to maintain the benefits of pulmonary rehab.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Pulmonary rehabilitation Benefits of pulmonary rehab can include: Symptom improvement. Fewer hospital visits. Fewer exacerbations. Improved quality of life. Improved ability to walk, exercise or perform daily tasks. Improved mental health. Less tiredness.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | How effective is pulmonary rehabilitation? Studies suggest that people with chronic lung disease who’ve completed a pulmonary rehabilitation program (compared to those who haven’t) have: A lowered risk of hospital readmission. An increased exercise capacity. Better health-related quality of life. Reduced shortness of breath.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Neurological rehabilitation Neurological rehabilitation is designed to help treat patients with nervous system or neurological diseases. Rehabilitation aims to increase function, reduce debilitating symptoms, and improve a patient’s quality of life. The types of rehabilitation treatments recommended depend on the areas of the body affected by the neurological condition.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Neurological rehabilitation Symptoms Any patient with a neurological condition may be referred for rehabilitation through a prescription or order provided by a doctor. Symptoms that may prompt the need for neurological rehabilitation include: Muscle weakness and abnormal muscle tone Pain Difficulty walking Difficulty with daily activities such as eating, dressing, bathing, toileting Difficulty swallowing Difficulty speaking Impairments in thinking, memory and problem solving Impairments in vision or eye-hand coordination  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Neurological rehabilitation Diagnosis Patients who benefit from neurological rehabilitation include, but are not limited to, those with the following diagnoses: Brain Injury Brain Tumor ChaCerebral Hemorrhage Congenital Neurological Disorders Diabetic Neuropathy Dystonia Encephalitis Epilepsy Herniated Disc Meningitis Memory Disorders Movement Disorders Multiple Sclerosis Parkinson's Disease Stroke Spinal Cord Injury  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Neurological rehabilitation Neurological rehabilitation may include some of the following team members: Physiatrists are doctors who specialize in physical medicine and rehabilitation. Neuropsychologists see patients for cognitive and/or behavioral issues related to brain injury, stroke or other illnesses. They also work with patients who need help getting used to changes in their levels of ability. They may recommend cognitive therapy, stress reduction techniques or other treatments. Physical therapists help and treat patients with a disease or injury contributing to pain or to loss of strength, range of motion, balance or coordination. Their goal is to restore and maintain a person’s ability to move and do physical tasks.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Neurological rehabilitation Occupational therapists assess how well patients can do daily tasks such as eating, dressing, toileting and bathing. Their goal is to help patients do as much on their own. Occupational therapists can perform vision assessments as ordered by the physician. Speech-language pathologists treat patients who have problems with speech and thinking skills. These problems are common among those who have had a stroke, brain injury or other changes to the nervous system. Speech-language pathologists also work with patients who have difficulty swallowing. Therapeutic Recreation Specialists help patients pursue leisure interests or develop new ones. They provide resources for support and for community involvement that a patient can continue with when they leave the inpatient rehabilitation unit.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Musculoskeletal rehabilitation or rehab program can be defined as a doctor-supervised program that is specifically designed for people with disabilities and impairments due to injury, disorders, or disease to the bones, ligaments, tendons, and muscles.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation The musculoskeletal system is made up of muscles and bones in the body. Any conditions that affect these and impair their functioning can benefit from musculoskeletal rehabilitation. These include: Inflammation of the tendons (tendonitis) Trauma injuries like sprains or fractures Muscle and ligament tears Osteoporosis Chronic arthritis Bone tumours Cysts Hernias Foreign bodies in the muscles Amputation Post-surgical stiffness  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation should start early to reduce the effects of inactivity. An ideal rehabilitation program focuses on therapeutic exercises while monitoring changes in the symptoms of the patient. Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation is done in 3 phases. Acute phase The focus during this phase is on reducing pain and inflammation and promoting tissue healing. Recovery phase This phase aims to restore normal range of motion, improve muscle control and work on core strength. Maintenance phase Neuromuscular control is improved during this phase by increasing power and endurance. By the end of this phase, the person should be pain free, have full range of motion and normal muscle strength and balance.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation A Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation program can last up to 6 weeks depending upon the patient’s requirement and response to treatment.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Recent Rehabilitation Technology Trends 1. Immersive Technologies 2. Telehealth 3. Rehabilitation Wearables 4. Rehabilitation Robotics 5. Artificial Intelligence in Rehabilitation  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Immersive Technologies in Rehabilitation: Growing Field: Immersive technologies, such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), are increasingly used in healthcare, especially for making therapies more engaging. Engaging Solutions: VR/AR tools are designed to make rehabilitation therapies interactive, using software and hardware tailored to various therapeutic needs. Examples of Use: Patients can use AR/VR for exercises like climbing games for upper-limb rehabilitation, and virtual coaches provide a more engaging therapy experience. Trend Leader: Immersive tech has become a leading trend in rehabilitation, breaking down barriers and making therapy more accessible.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Immersive Technologies in Rehabilitation: Startup Examples: 1.DYNAMICS-VR: 1. Focus: Develops VR environments specifically for rehabilitation patients and professionals. 2. Technology: Uses commercially available VR sets for ease of access and affordability. 3. Impact: Aims to reduce kinesiophobia by 37% and pain by 60%, while extending the duration and effectiveness of rehabilitation sessions. 2.Improfit: 1. Focus: Uses AR to make rehabilitation exercises interactive and fun through gamification. 2. Technology: Incorporates computer vision to provide real-time feedback, correct posture, and track exercise repetitions. 3. Benefit: Enhances the physiotherapy experience, making it more engaging and motivating for patients.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Telehealth (Telerehabilitation): Rising Demand: The need for remote therapy increased significantly during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, catering to regular patients and those with non-urgent conditions. Transformation: Physiotherapy providers adapted by offering remote services like online consultations, movement therapies, and home-based exercises. Services Offered: Includes remote physical exercises, telediagnostics, and telepharmacy, appealing to both therapists and patients for greater accessibility and convenience.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Telehealth (Telerehabilitation): Startup Examples: 1.Phyt Health: 1. Focus: Provides a platform and app for online physiotherapy, targeting both at-home rehabilitation and small office exercises. 2. Approach: Divides therapy into four stages—pain management and protection, stabilization, strengthening, and ongoing prevention. 3. Technology: Uses artificial intelligence to remotely guide patients through each stage, ensuring efficient progress and planned results. 2.Telewecure: 1. Focus: Offers telerehabilitation services and a dedicated social networking platform for patients and professionals. 2. Features: Enables easy connection with physiotherapy providers, remote exercise sessions, and equipment recommendations. 3. Community Aspect: Provides a social media-like network for users to communicate, share experiences, and join discussions in groups and forums, enhancing the rehabilitation experience.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Rehabilitation Wearables: Role in Virtual Therapy: Wearable health monitoring devices have become crucial for virtual rehabilitation therapies and consultations, offering continuous tracking of patient progress. Data Collection: Wearables gather detailed patient data, which rehabilitation platforms and professionals analyze to tailor treatment plans. Integration with Mobile Tech: Wearables often connect with mobile apps, providing real- time guidance through exercises and personalized rehabilitation plans, enhancing the effectiveness of home-based rehabilitation.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Rehabilitation Wearables: Startup Examples: 1.Smart MS3: Focus: Manufactures wearable electromyography (EMG) sensors to monitor muscle activity and rehabilitation progress. Technology: Wireless EMG and musculoskeletal (MSK) sensors track precise muscle activation patterns, offering insights into specific muscle groups. Applications: Currently designed for knee, lower back, and shoulder rehabilitation, providing targeted therapy solutions for these areas. 2.DENTON: Focus: Uses wearable 3D tracking devices to monitor patient movement during rehabilitation. Technology: 3D sensors attach to limbs, torso, and head, tracking detailed movement data remotely via an app. Features: Provides analytical insights into exercise adherence, range of movement, proper form, and pain levels, helping to optimize patient progress throughout their rehab program.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Rehabilitation Robotics: Support for Movement Recovery: Robotics provide solutions for improved movement recovery, helping patients progress faster in their rehabilitation plans. Functionality: Robotic exoskeletons allow patients to regain mobility, facilitating the performance of daily tasks with less pain and supporting neural reconnection. Wearable Robots: Startups focus on creating lightweight, wearable robots that make physical rehabilitation easier and less cumbersome, especially for those with mobility challenges.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Rehabilitation Robotics: Startup Examples: 1.Nureab: 1. Focus: Develops exoskeleton hands for easier rehabilitation and movement. 2. Technology: The device includes five mechanical fingers with a full range of motion, offering active, passive, and resistance-based rehabilitation programs. 3. Use Cases: It helps treat conditions such as quadriplegia, hemiplegia, tendonitis, fractures, and injuries through precise motion tracking accurate to 1 degree. 4. Design: The exoskeleton is lightweight, adaptable to different hand sizes, and user- friendly. 2.Fleming MedLab: 1. Focus: Designs soft robotic solutions to address the high cost and complexity of traditional rehabilitation robotics. 2. Technology: The soft robots are integrated into wearable suits or clothing, making them easier to use at home and reducing the operational burden on practitioners. 3. Application: Emphasizes neuroplasticity to support active recovery for patients recovering from strokes or heart attacks, promoting faster rehabilitation through gentle, adaptable assistance.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Artificial Intelligence in Rehabilitation: Role in Care: AI enhances rehabilitation for patients under the care of professionals by offering real-time insights and support. Growth of AI Startups: There has been a significant rise in startups leveraging computer vision and machine learning to improve rehabilitation. Capabilities: AI platforms enable personalized and remote monitoring, provide data-driven feedback, and suggest adjustments to exercise plans for optimal patient outcomes. Machine Learning Support: ML-powered devices assist patients throughout their rehabilitation process, ensuring precision and effectiveness.  | Rehabilitation for chronic conditions | Artificial Intelligence in Rehabilitation: Startup Examples: 1.Breathment: 1. Focus: Provides an AI-based program for remote patient management. 2. Technology: Allows rehabilitation experts to customize exercise plans and track patient performance remotely with data-driven feedback. 3. Features: Offers a personalized approach to rehabilitation, making exercise plans adaptable for various needs. 2.Rootally: 1. Focus: Develops AI-driven solutions for home-based rehabilitation with a focus on affordability and convenience. 2. Product: AllyCare, an AI-powered therapy solution, uses mobile devices to guide patients through exercises. 3. Technology: Shows AI-generated exercise models, tracks patient movements in real time, and provides insights into their progress without requiring any physical sensors, enhancing ease of use.  | WHAT TO TAKE HOME? | Goals of Rehabilitation for Chronic Conditions Types of Rehabilitation Interventions Multidisciplinary Approach Key Focus Areas for Different Conditions Recent Rehabilitation Technology Trends | QUESTIONS AND SUGGESTIONS | ANY QUESTION ?  | RECOMMENDED DAILY STUDIES | McPherson, K, Gibson, BE & Leplege, A 2015, Rethinking Rehabilitation: Theory and Practice, CRC Press, NW, Florida. Hoeman, SP 2008, Rehabilitation Nursing: Prevention, Intervention and Outcomes, 4th edn, Mosby, St Louis, United States  | REFERENCES | 1. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cardiac-rehab/what-is-cardiac- rehabilitation 2. Bach JR, Nworu TJ, John J. Pulmonary Rehabilitation. In: Mitra R, eds. Principles of Rehabilitation Medicine. McGraw-Hill Education; 2019. 3. Blervaque L, Préfaut C, Forthin H, et al. Efficacy of a long-term pulmonary rehabilitation maintenance program for COPD patients in a real-life setting: a 5-year cohort study (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33691702/). Respir Res. 2021 Mar 10;22(1):79. Accessed 5/23/2024 4. https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and- conditions/n/neurological 5. https://www.startus-insights.com/innovators-guide/rehabilitation-technology- trends/  | ABOUT THE NEXT WEEK | Psychosocial Adaptation to Chronic Illness and Disability  ………….. – ………………………… Since course presentations are private, using the texts and images contained herein on social media or else without permission from the course instructor is against the regulations Law No. 6698.