Week 4 Rehabilitation Nursing PDF

Name of Department : NURSING Course Code and Name : HEY413E REHABILITATION NURSING Course Week : WEEK 4 Course Day and Time : Tuesday (12:00 to 13:50) Course Credit/ACTS Information : 2 Examination Type and Gradings : Mcqs Instructor’s Name & Sur...

Name of Department : NURSING Course Code and Name : HEY413E REHABILITATION NURSING Course Week : WEEK 4 Course Day and Time : Tuesday (12:00 to 13:50) Course Credit/ACTS Information : 2 Examination Type and Gradings : Mcqs Instructor’s Name & Surname : Dr. Hina Zahoor E-mail & Phone: : [email protected] Instructor’s Room : 305 Office Hours : 9.00 to 5.00 GBS Link : https://gbs.gelisim.edu.tr/ders-detay-5-160-6267-1 ALMS Link : https://lms.gelisim.edu.tr/almsp/u/Home/Index AVESIS Link : https://persis.gelisim.edu.tr/Default.aspx  | WEEKLY LEARNING OUTCOMES | Understand the nature and characteristics of chronic diseases. Recognize common risk factors associated with chronic diseases. Identify key causes and risk factors contributing to disability. Explore effective rehabilitation strategies aimed at enhancing the health of the elderly. Apply knowledge to design interventions that address disabling barriers. Develop strategies for improving the quality of life for elderly individuals through rehabilitation methods  | NOTE | Attendance Attendance is mandatory for all scheduled lectures.  | NOTE | Be Responsible Come to class on time.  | NOTE | Be disciplined Avoid talking to friends in the class.  | NOTE | Show discipline Mobiles are not allowed in the class.  | ABOUT THE LAST LESSON | Characteristics and Responsibilities of Rehabilitation Nurse Goals of Rehabilitation Objectives of Rehabilitation Nursing Rehabilitation Nursing in the Global context Domain of health Rehabilitation nursing skills Rehabilitation Nursing Interventions Professıonal Nurse’s Roles | ABOUT THE TODAY LESSON | Chronic Conditions and Disabilities -1  | DAILY FLOW | 12.00-12.50 / 1st Hour Chronic diseases Features Of Chronic Diseases Risk Factors Of Chronic Diseases Disability Causes and Risk Factors of Disability 13.00-13.50/ 2nd Hour Disabling barriers Rehabilitation strategies for improving the health of the elderly CHRONICCONDITION AND DISABILITY | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Chronic diseases; slowly progressive 6 months or more long-term caused by multiple risk factors usually complicated and affect the quality of life of the person. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| The chronic illness commission defined chronic disease as all disorders that require long-term followup, observation and care, resulting from an irreversible pathological condition that sustained permanent damage.  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| In the last centuries, chronic diseases, due to the increase in the average life expectancy and the proportion of elderly population, have become more visible in societies.  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Chronic diseases and conditions are on the rise worldwide. An ageing population and changes in societal behavior are contributing to a steady increase in these common and costly long-term health problems.  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| According to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention); Although the majority of diseases such as diabetes, cancer, arthritis, heart disease and stroke are preventable, they are very common. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY|  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Risk factors Smoking Smoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung diseases, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Poor nutrition and physical inactivity Poor nutrition and physical inactivity are significant risk factors for obesity and other chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke, certain cancers, and depression.  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Risk factors Excessive alcohol use Over time, excessive alcohol use can lead to serious problems, including alcohol use disorder and problems with learning, memory, and mental health. Chronic health conditions linked to excessive alcohol use include high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, liver disease, and some kinds of cancer. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Who is at risk Some groups are at higher risk of chronic diseases because of conditions where they are born, live, work, and age. These nonmedical factors, called social determinants of health. For example, some communities lack safe spaces like parks for people to be active, or grocery stores that sell fresh fruits and vegetables. In some rural areas, it's hard to get medical care because of doctor shortages, hospital closures, or long distances to care. This makes it challenging to get preventive screenings or specialist follow-up care. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Causes of death in Turkey 1.Circulatory system diseases (Ischemic heart disease) 2. Benign and malignant tumors (Lung, Stomach, lymphoid CA ……) 3. Respiratory System Diseases 4. Endocrine, nutrition and metabolic diseases 5. Other … | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| These diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide, in all developed or developing countries  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Most of the health spendings (60-80%) are made for the treatment of these diseases.  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Chronic diseases threaten both the quality of life and the ability of countries to meet their economic and sociological health demands.  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Chronic diseases are a global threat to the sustainability of health systems due to high mortality and excessive increase in health expenditures. A person with chronic illness retires earlier, works less, becomes more unemployed, spends more for his/her health and brings less money to his/her home.  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| FEATURES OF CHRONIC DISEASES Complex and multiple cause Gradual and sudden onset with acute stage Occurring across the life cycle Compromising Quality of Life through physical limitations and disability Long-term and persistent Gradual deterioration of health | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| The most important feature of chronic diseases is that, except from family history and genetic factors, most of the underlying causes are completely preventable risk factors. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| The most important feature of chronic diseases is that, except from family history and genetic factors, most of the underlying causes are completely preventable risk factors. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Risk factors | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| CHRONIC DISEASES Cardiovascular disease (CVD) Cancer Chronic respiratory disease DM Chronic renal disease Arthritis and musculoskeletal disease Mental health problems and disorders | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Disability Disability is a person who is congenital or subsequent, has difficulty in meeting their daily needs due to various degrees of loss of physical, mental, spiritual, sensory and social abilities and needs protection, care, rehabilitation, counseling and support services. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| What is Disability? The World Health Organization (WHO 1976) draws on a three–fold distinction between impairment, disability and handicap: Impairment is any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function. Disability is any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. Handicap is a disadvantage, for a given individual, resulting from impairment or a disability, which prevents the fulfilment of a role that is considered normal (depending on age, sex and social and cultural factors) for that individual | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) defines disability as an umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Disability is the interaction between individuals with a health condition (e.g. cerebral palsy, Down syndrome and depression) and personal and environmental factors (e.g. negative attitudes, inaccessible transportation and public buildings, and limited social supports). | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Causes and Risk Factors of Disability The most common causes of impairment and disability chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer; injuries such as those due to road traffic crashes, conflicts, falls, landmines, mental impairments, birth defects, malnutrition, HIV/AIDS and other communicable diseases  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Causes and Risk Factors of Disability 1. Malnutrition: is a major cause of disability as well as a contributory factor in other disease, that increase susceptibility to disabling conditions. Common micro-nutrient deficiencies that affect disability include: Vitamin A deficiency – blindness Vitamin B complex deficiency – beriberi, pellagra, anaemia Vitamin D deficiency – rickets (soft and deformed bones) Iodine deficiency –learning difficulties, intellectual disabilities goitre Iron deficiency – anaemia, which impedes learning and activity Calcium deficiency – osteoporosis (fragile bones) | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Causes and Risk Factors of Disability 2. Conflict: War has been the single largest factor responsible for causing permanent disablement  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Causes and Risk Factors of Disability 3. Occupational Hazards: for ex. low standards of safety and hazardous working conditions, Wheat harvesting and amputations, paddy sowing and muscular diseases, coconut picking and spinal cord injuries. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Causes and Risk Factors of Disability 4. Traffic Hazard: Road traffic accidents are the leading cause of disability Every year, roughly 1.9 million people worldwide die as a result of car accidents, according to the WHO. In addition, 20 to 50 million people each year, on average, sustain a non-fatal injury that often results in a disability. Among certain age groups, car accident fatalities are the leading cause of death. In particular, fatal car accidents are the leading cause of death among children and young adults between the ages of 5 and 29. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Causes and Risk Factors of Disability People with disabilities have in general poorer health, lower education achievements, fewer economic opportunities than people without disabilities. They have less access to health care services and therefore experience unmet health care needs. Several attempts are being made in order to meet the needs of people with disabilities. The healthcare sector, a key sector for the care and treatment of people with disabilities, contributes a lot to the integration of people with disabilities into the society | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| In disability, the concept of empathy is so important.. What is empathy??? | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Empathy is the experience of understanding another person's thoughts, feelings, and condition from his or her point of view, rather than from one's own | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| In this sense, disability is a very special one and it is closely related to social processes. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| What are the Challenges of Disabled People in Society? Let's discuss.... | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Disability is also one of the groups facing social labeling. Labeling can cause serious psychological negativity in the individual. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Therefore, understanding and empathy for the disabled individual is very important. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| It is so important to create and maintain equal opportunities in their lives in order to meet the needs of people with disabilities.  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| If effective steps are taken towards equal opportunity, there will be no need for positive discrimination and this labeling on disability will be eliminated  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Our Social Perspective On Disability - We have to accept that disabled person is a complete human being. - We have to respect the citizenship rights. - We must respect their differences. - We must respect their life. - We must respect their personal dignity. -We must represented them - We must be in cooperation in the struggle against the rights of disabled. - We must ensure equality of opportunity | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| 97.3% of the population in long-term care institutions consists of elderly individuals. The health of the aging population is the highest public health priority, and the CDC is committed to helping older adults live longer, higher quality, productive and independent lives. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Over a billion people are estimated to live with some form of disability. This corresponds to about 15% of the world's population. Between 110 million (2.2%) and 190 million (3.8%) people 15 years and older have significant difficulties in functioning. Furthermore, the rates of disability are increasing in part due to ageing populations and an increase in chronic health conditions.  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Aging is universal but highly individual and occurs in all people. With the aging population and the increase in chronic diseases, the rehabilitation service to be provided to the elderly gains importance. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Aging affects chronic diseases and disability. The prevalence of disability increases with age; The disability rate, which is 8.8% under the age of 15, rises to 71% over the age of 80. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| What are the rehabilitation strategies for improving the health of the elderly? | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| 1. Monitoring of current physical health; Self-reports on physical health may indicate new disease or indicate areas for improvement. 2. Increasing physical activity in the elderly; In order to benefit from the positive effects of physical activity on health, opportunities for physical activity should be more accessible to the elderly | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| 3. Increasing preventive services; Preventive vaccination can be used for early treatment and prevention of diseases with the use of screening programs for early diagnosis of diseases. Influenza and pneumococcal immunization | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| 4. Developing healthy behaviors in the elderly; Simple measures such as physical activity, improving diet, fighting obesity and give up smoking can improve elderly health, but these measures require good communication between the elderly and the service provider and good access to social resources. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| 5. Implement fall prevention programs; Preventing fractures associated with severe falls, such as hip fractures; it helps to reduce death and disability and to incline quality of life. 6. Eliminating mental distress associated with risky and unhealthy behavior that affects healing or causes new physical or mental problems  | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| 7. Improving oral health to prevent infection and tooth loss 8. Preparing the health care workforce for the aging community. In this direction, providing geriatrics education at all levels of health care, conducting new studies on the subject, increasing employment in the field of geriatrics | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Nowadays, rehabilitation and nursing become important due to the increase in the life span of disabled individuals after accidents, the disabilities of geriatric individuals, and the increase in congenital abnormalities due to technological developments. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Health care professionals can provide behavior change programs, such as nutrition, exercise, smoking cessation and low alcohol consumption to maintain the health of the elderly and prevent disability | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| Rehabilitation nursing ensures that people can adapt to the lifestyle in the best way with the loss of function and these losses. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| With rehabilitation nursing, the functional abilities of individuals with chronic diseases and people with disabilities will be maximized, they will be able to meet their self-care needs and their quality of life will increase. Thus, it will be possible to adapt people to their new lives and prevent secondary losses | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| While the nurse prepares people for a new life, they should educate and inform the family about care and approach to disabled individuals. Individuals would have received rehabilitative care with their families and may have maintained their social well-being. For this reason, planning of home care of people, continuing their continuity and rehabilitation at home has gained importance. | CHRONIC CONDITION AND DISABILITY| https://youtu.be/-PJuolVqizo  | WHAT TO TAKE HOME? | Chronic diseases Features Of Chronic Diseases Risk Factors Of Chronic Diseases Disability Causes and Risk Factors of Disability Disabling barriers Rehabilitation strategies for improving the health of the elderly | QUESTIONS AND SUGGESTIONS | ANY QUESTION ?  | RECOMMENDED DAILY STUDIES | McPherson, K, Gibson, BE & Leplege, A 2015, Rethinking Rehabilitation: Theory and Practice, CRC Press, NW, Florida. Hoeman, SP 2008, Rehabilitation Nursing: Prevention, Intervention and Outcomes, 4th edn, Mosby, St Louis, United States  | REFERENCES | Mauk K. L. Current Approaches to Rehabltaton Nursng Practce (L. Ozdemr, H. Sutçu Cicek, Translated). Ankara: Nobel Academc Publshng, 2014. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020). About Chronic Diseases. https://www.cdc.gov/ https://www.cdc.gov/chronic-disease/about/index.html  | ABOUT THE NEXT WEEK | Chronic Conditions and Disabilities -2 (Rehabilitation for chronic conditions )  ………….. – ………………………… Since course presentations are private, using the texts and images contained herein on social media or else without permission from the course instructor is against the regulations Law No. 6698.