Cultural Studies Past Paper PDF

Cultural Studies 1. One of the originating factors that brought about Cultural Studies is the changing social scene in Britain in the 1950s post-war reconstructions. Which one of the phenomena below did NOT characterize Britain at the time? a. Working class people got a growing voice i...

Cultural Studies 1. One of the originating factors that brought about Cultural Studies is the changing social scene in Britain in the 1950s post-war reconstructions. Which one of the phenomena below did NOT characterize Britain at the time? a. Working class people got a growing voice in public life and discourse b. American culture “invaded” Britain and this results in a more egalitarian world view c. Economic growth brought about academic growth and even areas of research that were not preferred by the dominant elite were given space and funds d. The social environment was quickly changing, through pre-war class politics was still the norm 2. National issues and self-definition are important areas in Canadian cultural studies mostly because: a. issues of identity are important for all nations b. Canada is still a constitutional monarchy and is characterized by a multicultural population in a country next to the US c. Canada is not represented clearly in films and the media, which makes it difficult for people to grasp the essence of the country d. Cultural studies as an area of research helps represent Canada in the world 3. Which statement is TRUE? Ex-colonies turned nation states … a. worked well, as the struggle for independence united their heterogenous population b. mostly did not work well, because the Brits had purposefully sown the seeds of hatred and division right before giving up their colonies c. mostly did not work well, as there was no nation to speak of on which the nation state could have been built d. mostly did not work well, since the new ruling class lacked governing skills 4. Which statement is FALSE? Residential schools for indigenous kids … a. can be linked to the ideology of culturism b. were established to immerse native children in the supposedly superior white (British) culture c. prove that the British espoused the ideology of biological racism d. were established not only in Australia, but in other white settler colonies, In Canada and the US as well 5. ‘The swing to the East’ is used to refer to the fact that … a. after the successful American War of Independence, the British focused their colonizing efforts on the East (Africa, Asia, Australia) b. after the Crown took over ruling India from the East Indian Company, India became the most important colony of Britain  c. after the American War of Independence British emigration mostly targeted India d. after India gained independence in 1947, it sought to ally itself with the Eastern European (socialist) countries 6. The Crown took over the ruling of India from the East India Company a. after the Sepoy Mutinity (1847-1858) 7. The Union Jack is a merger of … a. 3 flags 8. Which of the following words/phrases is NOT related to the C of coal? a. North South divide b. gongoozler c. South Wales d. Billy Elliot 9. An are in the West Midlands, north and west of Birmingham, is called The Black Country because … a. heavy industry and coal caused a lot of pollution 10. Which is the correct ending? The Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag … a. is controversial, because state and church are strictly separated in the US 11. Which statement is FALSE? The Rust Belt … a. comprises the core cities of heavy industry and automobile manufacturing, e.g. Detroit, Buffalo, Cleveland, Pittsburgh b. used to be the centre of industrialization in the US c. suffered its decline because manual jobs were outsourced to cheaper production sites d. is currently on the rise again 12. Which is the correct ending? Today’s standard American accent – the ‘Network Standard’ … a. is based on the accent of the Midland dialect area 13. Which of the following is not a basic value in the US? a. competitiveness b. privacy c. past orientation d. individualism 14. Americans have difficulty understanding people who … a. dislike being on their own 15. The U.S. Diversity Index is the percentage of … a. ethnically different individuals in a given area 16. The process by which one becomes a citizen in a given country is called … a. naturalization 17. The Dreamers are … a. the people with temporary legal immigration status who arrived in the U.S. illegally as children 18. In his 1992 speech in Redfern Park, Prime Minister Keating …  a. called for the appreciation of and respect for Aboriginal and Torres Starit Islander cultures 19. The ruling in the Mabo Case said that … a. native title existed before colonisation and therefore it was illegal to declare Australia Crown Land 20. Which statement is NOT true? Australian English is … a. a dialect of the 18th century British English 21. What’ another word for “little c” culture? a. behaviour culture 22. Intercultural communicative competence is the ability a. to communicate effectively and appropriately in a variety of cross-cultural contexts. 23. What is NOT true for cultural studies? a. Uses methods of other fields b. Focuses only on one issue c. Subjective analysis because it is mostly based on the “lived experience” 24. According to Bennet and Bennet (2004) International Cultural Competence is the ability of… a. “the ability to communicate effectively in cross-cultural situations and to relate appropriately in a variety of cultural contexts” 25. What does Big C culture NOT refer to? a. history b. beliefs c. geography d. pop music 26. What is the Big C? a. achievement culture refers to the history, geography, institutions, literature, art, and music of a particular culture 27. What is the national flower of Wales? a. daffodil 28. What is the capital city of Scotland? – Edinburgh a. Edinburgh 29. What is the Black Country/Why is it called like that? a. West–Midlands (north/west of Birmingham), high level of air pollution 30. Cities in that you could find coal mines a. Cardiff, Swansea, and Newport 31. By the end of the 20th Century most of the British coal mines were a. nationalised b. privatised c. modernised d. closed 32. Where can you find the English Riviera? a. South-east  b. South-west c. North-east d. North-west 33. In which direction does the eagle look in the Great Seal? a. A - To the 13 stars (war) b. B - To the olive branch (peace) c. C - both d. D - To the middle where the sun is 34. What an American host is NOT likely to do: a. Show all their rooms in the house b. Let you pick anything from the fridge you want c. Drive you to different places d. Let you use their car 35. In which document was first declared that ‘All men are equal’? a. Declaration of Independence b. Constitution c. Bill of Rights 36. What is NOT associated with New England? a. Maple syrup b. Yankees c. Temperate winter d. Vivid autumn leaves 37. What is called the Demographic Revolution in the US? a. The immigration in the 19th century b. The change in immigration in the 20th century c. The laws they made to restrict immigration in the 20th century 38. What are the most important themes in American cultural studies: media, communication, business and a. Identity 39. Which American attribute does the “a stitch in time saves nine” saying refer to? a. Time management 40. The most Hungarian immigrants live in Ohio, why? a. It was part of the Rust Belt 41. What negative effect had the Frontier on the Americans? a. They try to solve problems with violence and weapon use 42. Native Americans had a well-developed culture a. 6,000 bc 43. Which of the following cannot be found in the Jello Belt? a. Utah b. Michigan c. Nevada d. Colorado 44. Naturalization?  a. total assimilation as an immigrant 45. Which is not a symbol of Canada? a. Beaver b. Polar bear c. Common loon d. Maple tree 46. What is NOT true about Quebec? a. It is the only city in Canada where there is only one official language b. In the late 19th century French became predominant c. There were two referendums about separating from Canada d. Separatist movements from the 1950/60s 47. 3. What is NOT true about Canada? a. It has approximately 34 million inhabitants (36, but I don’t think this is the right answer) b. less populated in the south-west (?) c. more population in the east d. one of the smallest pop. densities in the world 48. Which president made multiculturalism an official issue? a. Pierre Elliot Trudeau 49. First Europeans who arrived in Canada? a. C - Vikings 50. Statements about the Holden Car, which one is NOT true? a. The first was made in 1918 b. It was the most popular in the 1950s c. Australians who owned one showed with this that they believed in the Australian Dream d. They called it Australia’s Own Car 51. % that identifies with other roots than English or Australian? a. 30% 52. 1967 Referendum (Australia) a. Government was empowered to make laws for the Aboriginals 53. Who was Ned Kelly? a. bush ranger 54. The Drover’s wife a. inspired at least 4 writers 55. What is NOT true for Azaria Chamberlain? a. Aboriginals were accused of her murder 56. According to Kate Fox, which is NOT typical of English people’s outlook? a. Pragmatism. 57. What is NOT true of the Brooklyn Bridge? a. After it was built, people said it was an enormous monstrosity 58. What significance does the 2008 apology by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd have? a. It enforces the meaning of the reconciliation of the Stolen Generations 59. What is NOT a feature of Australian English? a. Regional dialects 60. Where was the highest population of Hungarians outside Hungary in the 19th - 20th century? a. Ohio 61. In the north of England, the saying,: „ Where’s the muck, there’s brass” means: a. Where these are dirty jobs to be done, there is money to be made 62. Which of the following human values is NOT considered an ideal in the US: a. collectivism 63. Americans believe that materialism is natural and a good thing because: a. it is a consequence of hard work and achievement 64. The notion of ancestry: a. refers to a person’s ethnic origin, descent of ’roots” 65. Which sentence is NOT true? The AUS-an journal Bulletin: a. advocated multiculturalism 66. Some important themes in British cultural studies are women, youth culture, class and: a. racial issues 67. Malcolm Bradbury recommended to the provinces for those wishing to a. escape the consumer ethnic 68. What do Americans find important? a. Being alone/Having time for yourself 69. What is cultural mediation? a. … the process of creating bridges of understanding between persons of different cultures” 70. What is true Discourse Analysis? a. combines the decoding of the structure of signs and interpreting the meanings represented in context. 71. What is on the Great Seal of the US? a. red and white stripes, shield, eagle, 13 stars, olive branch, talons holding arrows 72. Who is an intercultural speaker? a. “someone who has knowledge of one or more cultures and social identities and who has the capacity to discover and relate to new people from other contexts for which they have not been prepared directly” 73. Who settled down first permanently in Canada? a. French (1608, while English only in 1610) 74. Where is Snowdonia? a. Wales 75. Who is a gongoozler? a. Someone who enjoys watching activity on the canals in the United Kingdom; the term is also often used to describe those who have an interest in canals and the canal life, but do not actively participate 76. In what fields is competition important for Australians? a. arts, sports, wine production 77. With what kind of flower was Christianity introduced in Ireland? a. Shamrock 78. What is NOT a word for the dollar bill a. Quid 79. What is true for ’Hyphenated Americans’? a. U.S. citizens identify themselves both as Americans and as members of an ethnic group. 80. Why did not Danish settle down in Australia? a. it was difficult to find the continent b. English were already there c. did not see economic interest d. needed support elsewhere 81. Why did not the Dutch establish colonies in Australia? a. because they could not find trading partner 82. What is not true of history war? a. deals with the first encounter of black and white people in the country 83. What is NOT true for the Australian vote of 1999? a. it was launched by the Australian Republican party b. its aim was to make Australia a republic c. it did not succeed because of the way the question was formed 84. What is true for Australia? a. Cook landed on its ground in 1770 85. Finish the sentence: Matilda (from Waltzing Matilda) was a. a swag 86. Choose the correct item to complete the statement: The Bicentennial Celebrations in Australia a. celebrated the 200-year anniversary of Captain Cook’s landing in Australia. b. were embraced by the Aboriginal Community c. included a reenactment of the arrival of the 11 ships of the First Fleet. d. induced a number of Aboriginal authors to change their names into English names 87. What was the 1967 Australian referendum about? a. including Indigenous Australians in the census and allowing the government to make laws for Aboriginal people 88. National issues and self-definition are important areas in Canadian cultural studies mostly because: a. Canada is still a constitutional monarchy and is characterized by a multicultural population in a country next to the US 89. Which of the following expressions did Shakespeare coin? a. It’s all Greek to me. 90. Which of the following is true? During the period of ‘Middle English’, …  a. Latin was used in the church, French in court and government, and English in the home 91. Which flag, part of the Union Jack, represents Scotland? a. a white X on a blue background 92. The colour blue of the US Flag signifies a. vigilance, perseverance and justice 93. One of the key purposes of Cartier's new French colony was to supply Europe with... a. beaver pelts 94. Which of the following is true? During the Industrial Revolution, … a. the railways took over from canals for transporting coal, and other goods. 95. What is the name of Nelson’s flagship at the Battle of Trafalgar, now a tourist attraction at Portsmouth? a. HMS Victory 96. According to G. Mikes (1946), what is the most important topic in the land for the English? a. the weather 97. Which of the following foods does NOT appear in the lyrics of ‘England’s Glory’? a. Strawberry tart 98. Which is NOT identified with The Statue of Liberty? a. Franco-American immigrants 99. The Liberty Bell can be found in which US city? a. Philadelphia, Penn. 100. The English used in America started to diverge from the English used in Britain a. the moment the immigrants set foot on the new continent (17th century onwards) 101. Noah Webster argued for the standardization of American English because a. by establishing the rules of standard American English he wanted to foster the unity and independence of the US. 102. Which statement is true? a. ‘Network standard’ is based on the Midland accent. 103. Which statement is NOT true? Chicano English a. is Spanish with loads of English loan words. 104. The U.S. Diversity Index shows the percentage of a. ethnically different individuals in a given area 105. Which of the concepts below is NOT included in commonly held view of culture? a. the structure of institutions b. morals c. beliefs d. social games 106. Which is NOT an essential skill for intercultural communication? a. dealing with stereotypes b. empathy c. observation  d. narration 107. Which is NOT true? Assessing a person’s Intercultural Competence (ICC) is difficult because a. it cannot be witnessed directly b. the assessment criteria are not always clear or consistent c. the term itself is often used with varying meanings d. O it is impossible to track multiple aspects of one’s developing competence 108. English is a lingua franca because a. it’s an international language of research, business, and industry b. it’s spoken by people in the UK, the US and Australia c. many people don’t speak any other languages d. English has dissociated native speakership of French from its geographical locations 109. Achievement culture refers to a. „Big C” culture 110. Wales is represented on the Union Jack by a. Nothing. It is not represented 111. …work was crucial to the Industrial Revolution in Britain because a. canal boats were safe and could carry large loads of raw materials between ports and industrial centres 112. The „backbone” of England is formed by mountain range called a. The Pennines 113. The term „navvy” a. C - was used to describe the manual labourers who worked on the canal 114. Each of the Germanic tribes arriving in Britain a. was ethnically mixed 115. Teachers and civil servants can be categorized as… a. salaried professionals 116. Which of the following is NOT one of „the seven deadly sins’? a. dishonesty 117. Which of the following parts of the United Kingdom does not have its own banknotes? a. Wales 118. According to Jan Morris, the travel writer, Wales should a. never have had its own devolved government b. strengthen devolution but remain int he UK c. be independent within a confederal Europe d. be independent within the European Union as it is today 119. Choose the correct item to complete the statement. The „layered identity” at national level within the UK a. is a recent phenomenon b. manifests itself predominantly among immigrant groups c. has resulted in strong regional identities and the trend towards devolution  d. has prompted an increase in nationalism 120. Which methodology is employed by Kate Fox in „Watching the English”? a. an ethnographic approach 121. Malcolm Bradbury recommended to the provinces for those wishing to a. escape the consumer ethnic 122. Which of the following is NOT among cluster of English values as described by K. Fox? a. self-reliance 123. An important new piece of legislation passed by the UK parliament in 2006 was called the a. Racial and Religious Hatred Act 124. Which US state does the 50th star on the US flag represent? a. Hawaii 125. Every year in the US the Pulitzer Prize is awarded to individuals in recognition for excellence in the field(s) of a. literature, journalism, history and music 126. The US state that was founded by a Quaker colony is today known as a. Pennsylvania 127. Which US state would not be classified as part of the Bible Belt? a. Illinois 128. Which of the following is NOT typical of an American school or company? a. value of relationship prevails over task 129. Americans believe that materialism is natural and a good thing because a. it is a consequence of hard work and achievement 130. The frequent use of acronyms and abbreviations in American English reflects a disposition towards a. economy 131. ’Infotainment’ is a term which refers to a. news programmes packaged as entertainment 132. In the US sports metaphors are frequently used a. to describe the world of politics, business, personal relationships and life itself 133. The largest Hungarian population outside Hungary used to be in Cleveland, Ohio, because a. it was part of the Rust Belt 134. Which is NOT one of the new US ethnic enclaves? a. Little Manila b. Little Saigon c. Little India d. Little Mexico 135. Which of the following US cities is NOT a so-called ’new gateway’? a. Boston b. Las Vegas c. Houston d. Sacramento 136. Which of the following US cities is NOT a so-called new gateway? a. Pittsburgh 137. Which aspect is not an example of exclusionary immigration practices? a. Sheltered English programmes in education b. fines for companies that employ illegal immigrants c. deportation of illegal immigrants d. restricted driver’s licences 138. Which statement is NOT ture? Following the first contact with the white settlers the size of the Aboriginal population in Australia steadily declined as a result of a. the spread of European diseases such as smallpox b. the erosion of traditional hunting grounds c. armed conflict with settlers d. a lower birth rate than of white settlers 139. Which statement is NOT true concerning Australia’s stated ideals? a. Australia provides opportunities for all b. Australia recognizes and respect difference c. Australia respects human rights, democracy and the rule of law d. Australia recognizes a continuity from its past and compensates for all previous wrongs 140. Which statement is NOT correct? a. in multicultural Australia many people describe themselves as an ’ethnic mix’ b. in multicultural Australia the animosity between Protestants and Roman Catholics appears to have ended c. Ethnic groups in Australia seem to be concentrated in certain areas and many ghettos are formed d. ’Pom bashing’ is a harmless way of criticizing Australia’s largest ethnic group, the British 141. Which list below describes Australian values best? a. physical strength, solidarity, diversity, inventness, pragmatism, sports 142. Which statement is NOT true? a. The Holden was the very first car that was made in Australia b. The Holden is regarded as the first Australian designed car: „Australian’s Own Car” c. The Holden was extremely popular in the 1950s d. Owning a Holden symbolised the attainment of the „Australian Dream” 143. Who is NOT an Australian writer? a. Bill Bryson 144. What did James 1st of England do to unite England? a. created flag, made coin 145. What is true for representation? a. making signs and explaining it 146. Which is the Emerald country? a. Ireland 147. What is the Scottish national anthem? a. Flower of Scotland OR God Save the Queen 148. Which territory was annexed in the 18th century? a. Scotland 149. What social class do Architects and business executives belong to? a. higher professionals 150. The harshness of Australian farmers led to which characteristic? a. respect for physical strength 151. What is Uncle Sam associated with on a picture saying „I want you for the US” a. army recruitment OR conscription 152. What is naturalization? a. the formal process by which someone becomes the citizen of a country which they were not born in originally 153. What is ethnic succession? (first generation moves up and out of the suburbs, leaving room for the next influx of immigrants) a. regular changement of immigrant ethnicities in a given area 154. What is true for immigrants and obesity? a. it depends on the time they spend in the US 155. What do 13 red stripes stand for on the US flag? a. the original founding member states 156. Which statement is true? a. Uncertainty avoidance is a dimension of culture that relates to how the members of a culture feel in unstructured situations. b. Uncertainty accepting cultures are not tolerant of opinions different from what they are used to. c. Uncertainty avoiding cultures minimize the enforcement of strict laws and rules, safety and security measures. d. People in uncertainty avoiding cultures are more.... and contemplative, and not expected by.... to express emotions. 157. Which item is NOT part of non-verbal communication? a. eye contact b. metalanguage c. body language d. tone of voice 158.... is the term used to describe the more pronounced reactions to the psychological disorientation most people experience when they move for an extended period of time into a culture markedly different from their own. (Kohls, 1996) a. culture shock 159. Cultural dimensions can characterize a. individuals, nations and groups 160. Who illustrated a number of text structures thought to be typical of different languages graphically by using doodles? a. Kaplan 161. What is NOT true for the American anthem? a. originally it was an English pub song 162. Which statement is NOT correct? Missionary schools for indigenous kids a. were established not only in Australia, but in other white settler colonies as well. b. can be linked to the ideology of ‘culturism’ c. prove that the British Empire espoused the ideology of biological racism d. were established to immerse native children in the supposedly superior white (British) culture 163. Which country in the United Kingdom does NOT have its own parliament or assembly? a. England 164. What makes Meghan Markle such an unusual choice for the wife of a potential future king of the UK? a. She’s three years older than Harry b. The combination of all the other options c. She’s of a mixed race d. She’s a divorced celebrity from Los Angeles 165. The official motto of the US, (until 1956) ‘E Pluribus Unum’ can be best translated as a. One out of many 166. In which US state would one find the USS Arizona War Memorial? a. Hawaii 167. Which group did NOT contribute to Canadian culture? a. Canaque b. Métis c. U.S. d. Inuit 168. As a main factor in social misunderstanding between Indians and the white population, Harold Cardinal identifies a. language use 169. Which legal system is applied in private and property disputes in the province of Quebec? a. Civil or Napoleonic Code 170. Which of the following achievements has NOT got anything to do with the British Empire? a. the revision of the Linnaean system of classification b. the tuberculosis vaccine (?) c. Kőrösi-Csoma's English-Tibetan dictionary d. Darwin's The Origin of Species, the theory of Darwinism 171. The symbol of Yorkshire is: a. white rose 172. Which statement is NOT true? The song Waltzing Matilda a. is about a man stealing a sheep  b. is about a man dancing near a lake c. is the unofficial anthem of Australia d. was composed by Christina MacPherson 173. Which item is NOT correct in the list below? Aitkin (2005) describes steps in the loosening of Australia’s ties with Britain: a. the decolonisation that followed WWII greatly reduced British power and prestige b. in 1962 the UK applied to join the European Economy Community, which effectively signalled the end of Australia’s position s a favoured exporter to the UK c. the choice of Maralinga in South Africa as a site for British power and prestige d. the appearance of international cuisine in Australia in the 1960s and 70s contributed to waving good-bye to traditional British foods and values (?) 174. Which country did Utzon, the architect of the Sydney Opera house come from? a. Denmark 175. Which of the concepts below is NOT included in commonly held views of culture? a. popular behaviour (?) b. social behaviour c. the abstraction of behaviours d. art forms 176. Which statement is NOT true? Ned Kelly, the iconic bushranger, has been depicted as a. a criminal b. a freedom fighter c. a storyteller d. a folk hero 177. Jesse James is still looked up on for his a. achievements and physical strength b. material wealth and self-discipline c. process orientation d. protestant heritage 178. Americans usually believe that a. progress depends on God 179. Predictions indicate that by 2050, the immigrants’ share of the population increase a. will have reached over 60% 180. The most important military corps of the British Empire was a. the navy (?) 181. Which of the following cities was NOT established by the British colonizers? a. Washington DC b. Sydney c. Shimla, India d. Boston 182. The White Australia Policy was a. led to the unfair discrimination of non-English immigrants (?)  b. was introduced in 1851 c. was meant to keep Australia free of immigrants d. contributed to the success of the Australian economy 183. Which of the following is NOT a sun-belt city? a. Atlanta b. Sacramento c. Dallas d. Portland 184. Which US region is characterized by “family, faith, football”? a. South-East b. Bible Belt c. Midwest d. New England 185. In the north of England, the saying “where there is muck, there is brass” means a. where there are dirty jobs to be done, there is money to be made 186. The first Druidic Welsh eisteddfod was held in about 1790 in which city? a. London (Primrose Hill) 187. Which was the last province to join the Federation? a. Newfoundland 188. Which statement is NOT TRUE ABOUT HE Canadian political system? a. official head of state is the PM 189. What is NOT true about Canada? a. Canada has 10 provinces and 3 territories b. the majority of the population speaks English c. population density in the North is lower than in the South d. the Inuit mainly live in the Southern provinces 190. The unofficial bilingual city if the US is a. Miami, Fla. 191. In “A Canada: What the Hell It’s All About”, the author defines Canada through the cree perspective. What is the definition he uses? a. clean land 192. Which is NOT correct? The harshness of Australian nature has contributed to a. the development of the pioneering spirit b. solidarity and mateship c. environmental protection d. valuing hard work (?) 193. In 1958 Judge Jack Sissons presided over the case of Regina v. Kikkik. What was the verdict? a. she was declared innocent because she had to be judged according to her own circumstances 194. The first so-called concentration camps in history were established a. by the Boers in South Africa, for Boer and African civilians during the Anglo- Boer War (?) 195. Who wrote this line? “The inhabitants of this country are the miserablest people in the world.” a. William Dampier 196. The saying “Britain doesn’t have a climate; it only has weather” refers to a. a lack of weather extremes 197. Holden: an Australian made a. car 198. Which of the following human values is not considered ideal in the US? a. collectivism 199. Gallipoli was the place where the ANZAC troops – under British leadership – suffered serious defeat. Where is Gallipoli? a. Turkey 200. Which invention CANNOT be connected to Australia? a. cordless telephone 201. Which five items does Moran identify as the element of culture? a. Products, Persons, Practices, Communities and Perspectives 202. Who does Byram describe as “, “someone who has knowledge of one or more cultures and social identities and who has the capacity to discover and relate to new people from other contexts for which they have not been prepared directly”? a. intercultural speaker 203. In Canadian Common Law, the term precedent refers to... a. a judgement that serves as a reference point for similar cases that follow 204. What is NOT true? Azaria Chamberlain is known to everyone in Australia as... a. she was though to have been abducted by Aborigines 205. Lord Serkirk brough families to Rupert's Land. Where were they from? a. Scotland 206. A stitch in time... a. saves nine 207. Which Scottish king defeated Edward II at Bannockburn in 1314? a. Robert de Bruce 208. In his study “Cultural Studies and Ethics,” Kellner... a. describes the historical development of British cultural studies 209. Which item is Not correct in the list below? As a sign of Australia’s ties with Britain becoming looser a. tourism between Australia and Britain has decreased significantly b. the decimal currency was introduced in 1966 c. the monarch has not been represented on all banknotes since the mid-1980s d. metric measurements replace the imperial ones in 1974 210. Why is the 1st Empire called the Atlantic Empire? a. Because the Empire was focused on the lands that were in the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. 211. What was the relevance of the Irish plantations?  a. Because Ireland was Catholic, and they didn’t want Catholics to use Ireland as a springboard for an invasion. 212. What was the root cause of the 7 years’ war? What was the end result of the war? a. Colonial struggles between Great Britain and France, the main points of contention between those two traditional rivals being the struggle for control of North America and India. The result was that the British were awarded Canada, Louisiana, and Florida. 213. What is the meaning of the phrase: the swing to the East? Which territories were opened up to the British Empire in the era of the 2nd empire? a. After losing 13 North American colonies, the Empire focuses more on the eastern hemisphere, Australia, New-Zealand, Africa, India 214. When was the British Empire at the peak of its power? a. After WWI. 215. How is the British Commonwealth of Nations different from the Commonwealth of Nations? Why the change in name? a. Britain and the Dominions agreed that they were all equal members of a community within the British Empire. They all owed allegiance to the British king or queen, but the United Kingdom did not rule over them. But India wanted to become a republic which did not owe allegiance to the British king or queen, but it also wanted to stay a member of the Commonwealth, so this is why the new name. 216. What is the relevance of the Commonwealth of Nations today? a. It is a voluntary association of countries, which share a language, history, culture, values, working towards shared goals of prosperity, democracy and peace. 217. The Brits were striving to minimize the costs of both colonization and governing the empire. How? List min. 3 ways. a. settler migration, public-private partnership, local elite as partners 218. What does it mean that the Empire was ruled by ’blues’? a. Blues are whites, the name comes from Oxford uni’s colour. 219. What was the backbone of British military might? a. naval strength – maritime empire 220. How did Britain justify colonial rule? What is the difference between culturism (cultural racism) and biological racism? a. Human society undergoing evolution. Britain help the colonies make progress, lead them to develop. Culturism refers to the inequality of cultures, biological is between people. 221. How did racism play out in the settler colonies in terms of the fate of indigenous people and immigration policies? a. They believed they assisted the colonized towards modernity, the empire served progress, who questioned it was stupid. Indigenous people’s culture was non-existent for them. 222. What was Britain’s original plan for transforming its Empire into a Commonwealth? Why did it fall through? a. The Dominions were self-governing communities and may fight for an ideal or for a cause which concerns their own existence, but Commonwealth can keep the ’Empire’ together. 223. List minimum three facets of Britain’s current place in the world/policies which stem from its imperial past. a. international system, parliamentary politics, games, imported species of flora and fauna 224. What is the definition of national identity? How is it connected to the symbols of a nation? a. the public image of an imagined community (Weber called it a ‘community of sentiment’), that reflected symbolically in the flag, the national anthem, the coat of arms, distinctive rituals. 225. Explain how the national anthem of the US is connected to the flag? a. Francis Scott Key saw the 15 stars-15 stripes flag, a giant one flying over Fort McHenry, Baltimore, Sept. 1813, and wrote a poem, which later became the lyrics of the anthem. 226. What was the function of reciting the Pledge in schools at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries? a. Immigration function – to assimilate. 227. is its official motto today? a. One nation under God: the state wanted to emphasize a God-fearing nation. 228. What is the central tenet of the Turner thesis? a. Amer culture and charact were defined primarily by the frontier experience of the West as opposed to the more established, class-ridden cult of the east. 229. Why have people been leaving the Rust Belt? Where have they been moving? Why? a. decline, no workplace, snowbelt – to Sunbelt because of the new techniques, quickly developing cities, sunshine 230. Who are the Boston Brahmins? a. Old Boston families 231. List min. three distinctive features of New England. a. town meetings, autumn leaves, literature tradition: start 232. What factors made it possible for the Mid-Atlantic region to emerge as the first industrialized region in the US? a. largest states, millions of European immigrants, rivers 233. What is the single most important difference between the Upland and the Lowland South-East? a. Up: mountainous area, white farmers no slaves. Low: plantations with many slaves 234. Which states are minority majority states according to the 2010 census? a. South-west, California, Texas, New Mexico, Hawaii, Washington DC. 235. What is the relevance of the Alamo in the history of Texas?  a. Texas’ war for independence from Mexico 236. Which are the four regions of the US used by pollsters and the Census Bureau? a. Northeast, South, Midwest (North Central), West 237. Which cultural region has the most pronounced regional identity in his view? Why? What are the three distinctive features of the region? a. The Rocky Mountain Region – low population density, extreme topography, and climate, focused on mineral and environmental resources, exploitation, cowboys, sheepherder, skier, hiker, climber. 238. The … of 1840s resulted on 0.5m Irish people leaving their country a. Great Famine 239. Whose idea was the use of literary quotations in dictionaries? a. Doctor Johnson 240. George Mikes and Bill Bryson have written about… a. the UK, US, Australia 241. The cluster of English … as described by K. Fox are modesty, courtesy, fair-play, calls consciousness. a. outlooks or values 242. Ethnic enclaves are fairly elf-contained … a. cultural territories 243. According to Washington, the red stripes on the flag symbolise… a. the mother country 244. H. L. Mencken wrote a book entitled … a. The American Language 245. Captain Cook had a positive view about the … of Australia a. Natives 246. Australian PM Kevin Rudd delivered an apology to the … in February 2008 a. Stolen Generations 247. The distance from Britain isolated Australia from the “civilised world”. This led to an … in many Australians. a. inferiority complex 248. Some core Canadian values include … a. multiculturalism, equality 249. Which statement is not true? Queenslander Kath Walker, who had an important impact on Aboriginal issues… a. became an acclaimed poet, writer, environmentalist, teacher, and campaigner for Aboriginal affairs b. introduced a new financial plan to help Aboriginal communities (?) c. adopted the name Ooodgeroo Noonuccal 250. Which factor played an important role in the formation of Canadian culture? a. 16th century Aboriginal codices containing the stories of the Haida Gwai b. the missionary endeavours of Portuguese Jesuits c. the Catholic traditions of Spanish settlers d. US popular culture products, especially in the 20th c. (?) 251. The Manitoba Act of 1870 was initially drafted by … a. Louis Riel