Latin American Revolutions Study Guide PDF

Why did the Latin American Revolutions occur? Inspired by Enlightenment ideas, frustration with colonial control, and social inequality. Who was ruling Latin American countries? Spain and Portugal.​ How did increased agriculture help industrialization? Increased food and raw materials, freed labor...

Why did the Latin American Revolutions occur? Inspired by Enlightenment ideas, frustration with colonial control, and social inequality. Who was ruling Latin American countries? Spain and Portugal.​ How did increased agriculture help industrialization? Increased food and raw materials, freed labor for factories. How did increased agricultural productivity change labor? Fewer workers on farms, more in cities/factories.​ How did transportation affect economic activity? Reduced costs, expanded markets.​ Who might use increased transportation/ railways? Factories, military, and people for migration. Who else was involved in industrialization besides England and the US? Germany, France, Japan.​ What type of industrialization came after textiles and coal? Steel, chemicals, electricity.​ What types of machines were first used for large-scale industrialization and production? Spinning Jenny, steam engine, power loom. Why could Britain industrialize when and as they did? Coal, iron, stable politics, colonial markets, innovation. What new roles did women play as industrialization picked up? Factory work, domestic service, teaching, nursing. What new rights did women gain? Voting rights, property rights, labor rights. Where did arguments about abolitionism come from? Enlightenment, religious movements, human rights What was the reasoning behind the argument for abolitionists? Slavery was immoral, inhumane, and economically exploitative. Who were the main people that abolitionism would affect? Enslaved people, slave owners, economies reliant on slavery. Why would people be concerned about abolitionism and the effects on the economy? Economic disruptions, labor shortages. How were the French and Haitian revolutions different? French: political upheaval; Haitian: slave revolt, independence. How did industrialization affect workers and working conditions? Poor conditions, long hours, low pay. How did industrialization affect social classes? Rise of industrial middle class, larger working class What came from the challenges of poor working conditions? Labor unions, reforms, socialism. What factors contributed most to the increase of world population from 1750-1900? Better food, medicine, sanitation. Who were the ones who led most revolts against colonial rule of Latin American countries? Creoles like Bolívar, San Martín, Hidalgo, O'Higgins. What was the most major overall political change that occurred in the Atlantic world from 1750-1830 (not Europe). Latin American independence movements. What was the difference in the focus between the 1st and 2nd industrial revolution? The First Industrial Revolution focused on textiles and steam power, while the Second focused on steel, electricity, and mass production. How were the French and North American Revolutions similar? Both sought liberty, equality, and self-government. What are visible ways people can see females being restricted through their appearance? Restrictive clothing like corsets, long skirts. What would historians say is a major reason for European predominance in the world economy during the 19th and 20th centuries? Industrialization, technology, colonies, global trade.