Chapter 7 Second Language Teaching Methods Questions PDF

Chapter 7 Second language teaching methods Comparison between methods: Comparative Schedule of Language Teaching Methods Method Advantages Disadvantages Way of Teaching Grammar- Enables large Neglects speaking Uses translation Translation (GT) cl...

Chapter 7 Second language teaching methods Comparison between methods: Comparative Schedule of Language Teaching Methods Method Advantages Disadvantages Way of Teaching Grammar- Enables large Neglects speaking Uses translation Translation (GT) classes; supports skills; unsuitable and explicit self-study; for young children; grammar adaptable to new focuses on reading explanation. theories. and grammar. Focuses on reading and writing. Natural Method Mimics native Requires fluent, Language learned (NM) language creative teachers; through natural acquisition; limited to small conversations, emphasizes speech. classes; lacks gestures, and structured situational context. materials. Direct Method Combines structure Demands highly Uses the target (DM) with natural fluent teachers; language learning; uses moderately exclusively; graded materials. effective in larger introduces graded classes. dialogues and actions. Audiolingual Effective for Over-emphasis on Focuses on Method (ALM) drilling; utilizes repetition; lacks repetition, drills, graded, structured communicative and dialogue materials. proficiency; memorization with artificial contexts. minimal spontaneous conversation. Total Physical Enhances memory Limited for Commands paired Response (TPR) through physical advanced learning; with physical actions; effective adults may feel actions; speech for beginners. awkward; requires precedes writing. active and fluent teachers. Communicative Flexible and Requires motivated Emphasizes real- Language communicative; learners; depends life situations; uses Teaching (CLT) integrates multiple on the teacher's dialogues, role- skills; allows ability to balance plays, and translation. techniques contextual effectively. grammar teaching.  Content-Based Integrates subject High preparation Organizes syllabus Instruction (CBI) learning with burden on teachers; around topics; language skills; challenging for emphasizes text- promotes functional students managing based, authentic language use. both language and materials relevant content. to learners' goals. Task-Based Encourages Limited empirical Focuses on Language meaningful success; may not completing real- Teaching (TBLT) communication address structured world tasks such as through tasks; language needs problem-solving, authentic materials effectively. assembling, and enhance learning. collaborative activities. Computer- Individualized pace; Requires technical Uses computer Assisted scalable for large resources and programs for Language groups; accessible support; limited grammar drills, Learning (CALL) at home. software vocabulary compatibility. building, and interactive activities. Multiple-Choice Questions (with Answers) 1. What is the primary focus of the Grammar-Translation Method? a. Speech fluency b. Reading and writing c. Physical actions d. Spontaneous conversation Answer: b 2. Which method emphasizes inductive grammar learning? a. Grammar-Translation b. Natural Method c. Audiolingual d. Communicative Language Teaching Answer: b 3. What does TPR primarily rely on? a. Translation b. Repetition drills c. Physical actions d. Literature reading Answer: c 4. Which method uses pattern drills as a key feature? a. Grammar-Translation  b. Audiolingual c. Content-Based Instruction d. Natural Method Answer: b 5. What is a major disadvantage of the Direct Method? a. Limited classroom applications b. High fluency requirement for teachers c. Overemphasis on grammar d. Insufficient self-study resources Answer: b Additional Multiple-Choice Questions 6. Which method focuses heavily on translating vocabulary into the learner’s native language? a. Natural Method b. Grammar-Translation c. Audiolingual Method d. Total Physical Response Answer: b 7. In the Direct Method, grammar is typically learned through: a. Explicit explanation b. Inductive discovery c. Mechanical repetition d. Translation exercises Answer: b 8. What is a key characteristic of Task-Based Language Teaching? a. Grammar drills b. Completing real-world tasks c. Memorizing vocabulary lists d. Extensive use of literature Answer: b 9. The term "Affective Filter" is associated with which method? a. Grammar-Translation b. Communicative Language Teaching c. The Natural Approach d. Audiolingual Method Answer: c 10. Which method is best suited for learners who prefer structured lessons with clear goals? a. Content-Based Instruction b. Natural Method c. Grammar-Translation d. Total Physical Response Answer: c  11. What does the Audiolingual Method primarily rely on for language learning? a. Authentic materials b. Speech repetition and drills c. Cultural immersion d. Grammar explanation Answer: b 12. Which method focuses on communicative competence over grammatical accuracy? a. Grammar-Translation b. Communicative Language Teaching c. Audiolingual Method d. Natural Method Answer: b 13. Content-Based Instruction organizes teaching around: a. Linguistic syllabus b. Thematic topics c. Phonetic drills d. Literary works Answer: b 14. Which teaching method incorporates physical movement to aid memory retention? a. Audiolingual b. Total Physical Response c. Direct Method d. Grammar-Translation Answer: b 15. A major criticism of the Audiolingual Method is: a. Lack of structured materials b. Neglect of spontaneous communication c. Over-reliance on grammar translation d. Inadequate self-study options Answer: b True/False Questions (with Answers) 1. The Grammar-Translation Method is speech-oriented. Answer: False 2. The Natural Method uses translation as a primary tool for teaching. Answer: False 3. Audiolingual Method emphasizes memorization of dialogues. Answer: True 4. TPR is most effective for advanced learners. Answer: False 5. CLT promotes reading and writing from the start. Answer: True 6. Content-Based Instruction uses the native language for translation. Answer: False 7. The Direct Method avoids the use of the learner's native language. Answer: True 8. Communicative Language Teaching incorporates techniques from multiple methods. Answer: True 9. In Task-Based Language Teaching, grammar is the primary focus. Answer: False 10. Grammar-Translation is a speech-based teaching method. Answer: False 11. The Natural Method emphasizes a structured syllabus. Answer: False 12. The Audiolingual Method developed from Behaviorist theories. Answer: True 13. Total Physical Response is less effective for young learners compared to adults. Answer: False 14. CLT emphasizes communication in real-life situations over grammar accuracy. Answer: True 15. In the Grammar-Translation Method, students primarily focus on oral skills. Answer: False Short Answer Questions 1. What are the primary components of the Grammar-Translation Method? Explicit grammar explanation and translation. 2. How does the Natural Method mimic first language acquisition? By emphasizing speech comprehension before production and avoiding explicit grammar teaching. 3. What is the main role of physical actions in Total Physical Response (TPR)? To enhance memory retention and comprehension. 4. Why is the Direct Method called “Direct”? Because it establishes a direct connection between meaning and the target language without translation. 5. What psychological theory influenced the Audiolingual Method? Behaviorist psychology. 6. What is the primary goal of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)? To develop communicative competence in real-life contexts. 7. In Content-Based Instruction, what is used as the basis for teaching language? Subject matter or specific topics. 8. What does the term "Affective Filter" refer to in the Natural Approach? A learner's motivation, confidence, and anxiety levels affecting language acquisition. 9. What is one major disadvantage of the Grammar-Translation Method? It neglects speaking and oral communication skills. 10. What type of learners is the Total Physical Response method particularly effective for? Young learners. 11. How are grammatical rules typically learned in the Direct Method? Through inductive discovery rather than explicit explanation. 12. What is the primary activity focus in Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT)? Completing meaningful, real-world tasks. 13. Why might adults feel uncomfortable using TPR in language learning? Because of the reliance on physical actions, which may feel awkward. 14. What is the primary disadvantage of Content-Based Instruction for teachers? The high preparation workload to align language material with subject content. 15. Why did the Audiolingual Method lose popularity over time? It failed to produce fluent, communicative speakers and overemphasized mechanical repetition. 16. What type of materials does Communicative Language Teaching encourage? Authentic, real-life materials that aid communication. 17. What is the primary criticism of the Monitor Hypothesis in the Natural Approach?  It claims that learned rules cannot become automatic, which many theorists disagree with. 18. How does Content-Based Instruction differ from Grammar-Translation? It focuses on teaching through subject content rather than translation and grammar drills. 19. What role does technology play in Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL)? It provides individualized learning experiences at the learner's pace. 20. What is a key feature of the Natural Approach that distinguishes it from traditional methods? The focus on listening comprehension before speech production. Questions Requiring Three-Line Answers 1. Why is the Grammar-Translation Method still widely used despite criticism? The Grammar-Translation Method is easy to implement as it does not require fluent teachers and supports large class sizes. It is adaptable to various linguistic theories and allows self-study through textbooks. However, its neglect of oral communication skills limits its overall effectiveness. 2. What distinguishes the Natural Method from the Direct Method? The Natural Method relies on unplanned, spontaneous conversations to simulate first-language acquisition. The Direct Method, while also avoiding translation, incorporates systematic, graded materials and structured lessons to make learning more efficient. Both methods prioritize speech comprehension before production. 3. What are the challenges faced by teachers using the Total Physical Response method? Teachers must be highly fluent and creative in designing engaging, action- based lessons. TPR is best suited for small classes, limiting its scalability. Additionally, adults may feel self-conscious performing physical actions, which can affect the learning atmosphere. 4. How does Communicative Language Teaching handle grammatical instruction? CLT prioritizes communication and uses grammatical explanations sparingly, only when necessary to aid understanding. It permits flexibility by integrating translation, drills, or other techniques if they serve the communicative purpose. This eclectic approach supports real-life language use. 5. What are the primary limitations of Task-Based Language Teaching? TBLT heavily relies on meaningful tasks but may fail to address structured grammar learning. Its effectiveness as a stand-alone approach is still debated. Additionally, the design and execution of tasks require significant effort from teachers to ensure learning objectives are met. 6. What is the role of "Affective Filter" in language learning according to the Natural Approach? The Affective Filter represents emotional factors like motivation, confidence, and anxiety that impact language acquisition. A low filter promotes learning by reducing stress and encouraging active participation. Conversely, high anxiety can block effective language acquisition. 7. Why did the Audiolingual Method fail to produce fluent communicators? The Audiolingual Method overemphasized repetition and drills, neglecting meaningful communication. It focused on memorizing sentence patterns rather than teaching how to apply language in real-life contexts. As a result, learners struggled with spontaneous speech production. 8. How does Content-Based Instruction benefit language learners? CBI integrates language learning with subject content, making the process meaningful and goal-oriented. Learners engage with authentic materials and develop multiple language skills simultaneously. However, mastering both content and language can overwhelm some students. 9. What is the primary difference between acquiring and learning a language, according to Krashen? Acquisition is an unconscious process similar to how children learn their first language, while learning involves explicit knowledge of rules. Krashen claims acquired knowledge is automatic, whereas learned rules require conscious monitoring. This distinction is widely debated. 10. What are the advantages of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL)? CALL provides learners with individualized materials and flexible pacing, allowing self-study outside the classroom. It offers interactive exercises that automate language skills. However, technical issues and software compatibility remain challenges for widespread implementation.