CHAPTER-1.pptx

CHAPTER 1: Personality: Definitions and Its components Instructor: BOBBY B. DELA CRUZ Personality development refers to the process by which the organized thought and behavior patterns that make up a person's unique personality emerge over time. Many factors influence personality, incl...

CHAPTER 1: Personality: Definitions and Its components Instructor: BOBBY B. DELA CRUZ Personality development refers to the process by which the organized thought and behavior patterns that make up a person's unique personality emerge over time. Many factors influence personality, including genetics and environment, how we were parented, and societal variables 2 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  Importance of Personality Development 1. Self-Confidence- When you understand your strengths and work on your weaknesses, you feel more assured in your abilities and decisions. 3 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  2. Interpersonal Relationships: A well-rounded personality enhances your ability to connect with others. Good communication skills, empathy, and a positive attitude foster meaningful relationships. 4 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  3. Career Growth: In the professional world, a strong personality can set you apart. Traits like leadership, adaptability, and problem- solving are highly valued and can lead to career advancement. 5 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  4. Adaptability: Personality development helps you become more adaptable to change. This is essential in today’s fast-paced world where flexibility and resilience are key to overcoming challenges1 6 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  5.Overall Well-being: A positive personality contributes to overall happiness and satisfaction in life. It helps you maintain a balanced outlook, manage stress better, and enjoy a healthier lifestyle. 7 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  C mponents of Personality 8 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX 1. Traits: These are enduring characteristics that influence behavior across different situations. The “Big Five” personality traits are often used to describe personality: Openness to Experience: Creativity and willingness to try new things. Conscientiousness: Organization, dependability, and discipline. Extraversion: Sociability, assertiveness, and enthusiasm. Agreeableness: Compassion, cooperativeness, and trust. Neuroticism: Tendency towards emotional instability and negativity. 2. Id, Ego, and Superego: According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory: Id: The primal part of personality driven by basic urges and desires. Ego: The rational part that mediates between the id and reality. Superego: The moral conscience influenced by societal norms. 3. Temperament: This refers to the innate aspects of personality, such as emotional reactivity and intensity, which are evident from early childhood. 4. Self-Concept: This includes self-esteem, self-image, and the ideal 9 Presentation title 20XX  FACTORS INFLUENCING PERSONALITY 10 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX Genetic Predispositions: Your genetic makeup plays a significant role in shaping your personality traits. Inherited traits can include temperament, levels of neuroticism, extroversion, and predispositions towards certain behaviors. 11 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  Environmental Factors: The environment you grow up in, including your home, school, and community, significantly impacts your personality. Peer pressure, societal norms, and cultural values can shape your preferences, values, and behaviors. 12 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  Upbringing and Childhood Experiences: Parental influence, the type of upbringing, and early childhood experiences are crucial. These factors can affect your emotional development, self-esteem, and social skills. 13 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  Social Interactions and Relationships: The relationships you form and the social interactions you engage in contribute to your personality development. Emotional bonds with family, friends, and significant others can shape your personality traits and behaviors. 14 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  Cultural Norms and Values: The cultural context you are part of influences how you express your personality. Cultural norms and values dictate acceptable behaviors and attitudes, which can shape your personality expression. 15 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  Basic Personality Traits - Five-Factor Model of Personality / “Big Five” (“OCEAN”) 16 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  Openness to experience- Inventive/Curious vs. Consistent/Cautious It refers to a person's accepted level of imagination and includes multiple experiences like appreciating art, experiencing various emotions and taking up adventurous ideas. 17 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  Conscientiousness- Efficient/ Organized vs. Easy-going/ Careless It represents a planned and organized approach rather than spontaneity and randomness. A 'structured' person puts great value on order and control which reflects a way of approaching tasks. 18 Presentation title 20XX  Extraversion- Outgoing/Energetic vs. Solitary/Reserved Extraversion implies energy, positive emotions, forcefulness, friendliness, and chattiness. The extrovert person is sociable, outgoing and attracted to others. However, extroverts can be impulsive and sometimes take risks without weighing the odds. Contrarily, an introvert is less concerned with others and is more inward-looking 19 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  Agreeableness- Friendly/Compassionate vs. Cold/Unkind The ability to show compassion and co-operation. It is a personality trait that can help you be an amicable person in the workplace. Giving a cold shoulder to people you encounter on a regular basis may not go down well and may hamper your work and progress in the long and short run. 20 BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  Neuroticism- Sensitive/Nervous vs. Secure/Confident It refers to emotional stability, control over emotions and impulses, a tendency for anger, nervousness, despair, or susceptibility. Those with self-confidence are relaxed, optimistic, enjoy responsibility and like to be tested. Under pressure, they react calmly and in an organized way, and have faith in their coping ability. BOBBY DELA CRUZ 21 20XX Personal branding is the practice of defining and promoting what makes you unique and valuable. It’s about crafting a narrative that accurately represents your skills, values, and personality to attract opportunities that align with your authentic self. BOBBY DELA CRUZ  1. Define Your Brand: Self-Assessment: Understand your strengths, passions, and values. Reflect on what makes you unique. Feedback: Seek input from colleagues, mentors, and friends to gain insights into how others perceive you. BOBBY DELA CRUZ 2. Develop Your Brand: Consistency: Ensure your actions and communications consistently reflect your brand. Visibility: Engage in activities that showcase your skills and values, such as writing articles, speaking at events, or BOBBY DELA CRUZ  3. Communicate Your Brand: Online Presence: Use social media platforms like LinkedIn to share your achievements and insights. Networking: Build and maintain relationships that can help you grow and promote your brand. BOBBY DELA CRUZ 26 Presentation title 20XX  1. Trait Theories Trait theories focus on identifying and measuring individual personality characteristics. Key models include: Gordon Allport’s Trait Theory: Identified over 4,000 traits. Hans Eysenck’s Three Dimensions: Extraversion-introversion, emotional stability- neuroticism, and psychoticism. The Big Five (OCEAN): Openness, Conscientiousness, 27 Extraversion, Presentation title 20XX  2. Psychodynamic Theories Founded by Sigmund Freud, these theories emphasize the influence of the unconscious mind and childhood experiences on personality. Key concepts include: Id, Ego, and Superego: The three parts of the mind that interact to 28 shape personality. Presentation title 20XX  3. Behavioral Theories Behavioral theories suggest that personality is a result of learned behaviors through interactions with the environment. Key figures include: B.F. Skinner: Emphasized the role of reinforcement and punishment. John Watson: Focused on observable 29 behaviors rather than internal Presentation title 20XX  4. Social Cognitive Theories These theories integrate behavioral and cognitive perspectives, emphasizing the role of observational learning, self- efficacy, and situational influences. Key theorists include: Albert Bandura: Known for the Bobo Doll experiment, highlighting 30 observational learning. BOBBY DELA CRUZ 20XX  5. Humanistic Theories Humanistic theories focus on individual growth and potential, emphasizing free will and self- actualization. Key contributors include: Carl Rogers: Developed the concept of the self and unconditional positive regard. Abraham Maslow: Known for the 31 Presentation title 20XX  6. Evolutionary Theories These theories propose that personality traits have evolved to solve adaptive problems and enhance survival and reproduction. Key ideas include: Natural Selection: Traits that enhance survival are more likely to be passed on. Sexual Selection: Traits that enhance 32 Presentation title 20XX 33 Presentation title 20XX 34 Presentation title 20XX  In conclusion, improving personality development is a lifelong process that requires commitment, self- awareness, and BOBBY DELA CRUZ  REFERENCES https://psych Click to edit https://www.bin Click to edit https:// Click to edit central.com/h g.com/chat?q= www.theknowle Master text ealth/persona Master text components+o Master text dgeacademy.co styles f+personality& styles styles lity-theories-i sendquery=1& m/blog/what-is- n-psychology Second level Second level FORM=SCCOD personality- Second level X development/ https://www.v Click to edit Click to edit erywellmind.c https://www.bing. Master text om/personalit Master text com/chat?q=%ef %81%ae%09Ove styles y-psychology- styles rview+of+Person 4157179 Second level ality+Theories&s Second level endquery=1&FO RM=SCCODX