Chapter 5 Scientific Method of Research PDF

www.themegallery.com Chapter 5 SCIENTIFIC METHOD OF RESEARCH COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com Contents 1 Science… 2 Science Vs. Belief 3 the scientific method 4 seven steps to the scie...

www.themegallery.com Chapter 5 SCIENTIFIC METHOD OF RESEARCH COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com Contents 1 Science… 2 Science Vs. Belief 3 the scientific method 4 seven steps to the scientific method: COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com Science ❖it is the observation, identification, investigation, and theoretical explanation of natural phenomenon COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com Science Vs. Belief Belief: it is knowing something without needing evidence example belief that there is a single God rather than multiple gods or no God. Science: It requires that beliefs be continuously tested against evidence from the real world. Example The knowledge that living things require water can be tested by withholding water from a living thing to see if it can survive. COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com Scientific Method it is a tool (methodical framework )that helps scientists and the rest of us(Everyone) to solve problems and determine answers to questions in a logical format. A scientist often credited with being the first to employ the scientific method is Francesco Redi, an Italian physician who lived from 1626 until 1697. Scientific method requires intelligence, imagination, and creativity. COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com seven steps to the scientific method: 1. Identify a problem (Ask question) 2. Research the problem (Observation) 3. Formulate a hypothesis. 4. Conduct an experiment. 5. Data analysis/Results 6. Reach a conclusion. 7. Communicate the result COMPANY LOGO www.themegallery.com COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com Seven steps to the scientific method: 1- Identify a problem: They need to be very specific in defining what they are trying to explain or solve (empirically observed experiences, i.e. from the five senses). 2- Research the problem: (Research Information): Gather information about the problem/question and obtain facts and ideas from books, journals, internet, etc. that provide insight regarding your problem/question. Cite these resources. COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com 3- Formulate a hypothesis: What is the hypothesis? An explanation for an observation, phenomenon, or scientific problem that can be tested by further investigation. Once you have possible answers from your research, you need to pick one answer that you think is most accurate COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com 3- Formulate a hypothesis: Good Hypothesis 1-the hypothesis is based on information contained in the Research Proposal. 2- the hypothesis includes the independent and dependent variables 3- the hypothesis is worded )‫(صياغه‬clearly so that it can be tested in an experiment COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com 3- Formulate a hypothesis: Non Good or (unsupported)Hypothesis The hypothesis is not Supported , 1- If your results did not support your hypothesis so it construct a new hypothesis. don't change or manipulate your findings to fit your original hypothesis 2- Inventions discovered by mistake:(Penicillin◦ Potato Chips◦ Microwave Oven). COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com 4- conduct an experiment : scientists create an experiment to test their hypothesis. This should include a materials list and a procedure with step-by- step directions. COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com 4- conduct an experiment : Every experiment has variables which is any factor, trait, or condition. COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com 4- conduct an experiment : Every experiment has variables which is any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types. The types of variable [Y=KX] Independent (X) Dependent (Y) Controlled (K) COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com 4- conduct an experiment : Independent Dependent is changed by the scientist. is 'dependent' on the independent variable... Controlled It is constant variable,. COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com 5- Observations and Data analysis: : Observation: To look at and record what you see. COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com 5- Observations and Data analysis: : Data analysis: Determine whether your data/results from the experiment supports (or not) your hypothesis. if not, it may be necessary to review your information /research and revise your hypothesis. Once you have completed your experiment, look at the results, and comment on any patterns, observations, findings. You may include graphs, pictures, and/or recordings. A key to experiments is observing what happens and writing it down. COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com 6- Reach a conclusion: What did you find the answer to the question was? It is OK if your hypothesis was not correct. You learned!!!!!!!!! ▪7- communicate your results : Scientists share their experiments and findings with others. Because they share their experiments and findings, scientists can learn from each other and often use someone else’s experiences to help them with what they are studying or doing. COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com Example (3) Why is the sky Blue? 1- Identify a problem (ask question): why is the sky Blue? 2- Research the problem: (Research Information): Gather information about why is the sky Blu? and obtain facts and ideas from books, journals, internet, etc. It may generate more questions, or give you a possible answer. Possible Answers: 1-Because the sky reflects blue. 2- Because it is made up of blue matter. 3- Because particles in the sky refract and scatters the blue wavelength of light. COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com Example (3) Why is sky Blue? 3- Construct a hypothesis : I think that light is made up of different colors, one of them being blue. Particles in the sky refract and scatter blue light making it appear as the sky is blue. 4- Test your hypothesis: by seeing if light can be separated into different colors. This would help prove this hypothesis. COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com Example (3) Why is sky Blue? My Experiment: 1. Materials: prism (to separate light), light ray box, 2. Method: (What will I do). i. collect equipment and set up using the diagram ii. Shine light into the prism iii. Record your results 5-Analyze your data: From my experiment you can see in the photographic evidence that light can be separated into the 7 colors of the rainbow. COMPANY LOGO  www.themegallery.com Example (3) Why is sky Blue? 6- Conclusions: This proves that Blue is a part of white light and that it could be separated and scattered across the sky, making the sky look blue. 7- Report your results: Produce a poster board, PowerPoint, Scientific Journal, Website, Video or booklet of your experiment and findings. COMPANY LOGO Thank You ! Add your company slogan www.themegallery.com LOGO