Filipino Values System PDF

**FILIPINO VALUES SYSTEM** **Values** came from the Latin word ***[VALERE] ***which means strong and vigorous. Landa Jocano (2000) said that it is a concept which we use as points for recognizing, expressing and evaluating social realities in the environment in terms of: - desirability - qual...

**FILIPINO VALUES SYSTEM** **Values** came from the Latin word ***[VALERE] ***which means strong and vigorous. Landa Jocano (2000) said that it is a concept which we use as points for recognizing, expressing and evaluating social realities in the environment in terms of: - desirability - quality - significance - worth - merit - price - usefulness STANDARD VALUE A **standard value** refers to a benchmark or guideline that sets the acceptable or expected level of performance, quality, or behavior within a particular context. These values are often used to ensure consistency, fairness, and reliability. They can be applied in various fields such as ethics, business, engineering, or education. **Filipino values can be translated as:** **Buti - **something desired of what is good. **Pamantayan - **standards which enable us to organize our ideas and interpret our experiences within the context of commonly shared meaning of things, events or actions. **Halaga - **a kind of worth, importance, evaluation or assessment. **Ganda - **encompassing everything that is to be pursued of what is beautiful must be realized. The Four Tests of Value by sociologist Robin M. Williams Jr. provide a framework for evaluating whether a particular value is significant or relevant within a society. These tests help determine how strongly a value is held and how it influences behavior and social norms. The four tests are: 1.      **The Extensiveness Test**: - This test examines how widely a value is shared within a society. A value is considered strong if a large portion of the population embraces it. - Example: In many societies, the value of **honesty** is widely shared and expected from all members of the community. 2.      **The Duration Test**: - This test looks at how long a value has been maintained over time. A value with longevity across generations or historical periods is considered deeply embedded in the culture. - Example: The value of **respect for elders** in many cultures has been sustained over centuries. 3.      **The Intensity Test**: - This test measures how deeply a value is felt or how passionately people defend or uphold it. A value that evokes strong emotions or reactions is considered intense. - Example: The value of **freedom** in democratic societies often generates intense feelings of patriotism and advocacy. 4.      **The Prestige Test**: - This test assesses the importance of a value by considering how much prestige or honor is attached to individuals who embody or promote that value. - Example: Individuals who demonstrate **integrity** or **bravery** often receive high social recognition and respect. The **Filipino value system** is shaped by a rich historical, cultural, and social background, developing over centuries through a mix of indigenous, colonial, and modern influences. The stages of development of the Filipino value system can be understood through several key periods that have shaped Filipino society. Below is an assessment of these stages: **1. Pre-colonial Period (Before 1521)** - **Indigenous Beliefs and Values:** Before colonization, early Filipino societies were governed by indigenous customs, with values deeply rooted in animism, nature worship, and communal living. - **Bayanihan (Community Cooperation):** Strong communal ties and cooperation were central. Bayanihan represented collective effort and shared responsibilities within villages. - **Respect for Nature and Ancestry: **Indigenous Filipinos believed in spirits (anitos) and revered their ancestors, who were thought to influence the living. - **Baranganic System: **Leadership and decision-making were based on a barangay or kinship system, with datu (chieftains) respected as leaders. - **Self-sufficiency and Survival:** Values like courage, self-sufficiency, and resourcefulness were prominent, as life revolved around survival and communal harmony. **2. Spanish Colonial Period (1521--1898)** - **Catholicism and Colonial Influence**: The arrival of the Spanish brought about profound changes to the Filipino value system. The introduction of Christianity reshaped many indigenous beliefs and practices. - **Religiosity (Pananalig sa Diyos): **Filipinos adopted Catholic values, resulting in a highly religious society where faith in God became central to daily life and morality. - **Hiya (Sense of Shame) and Utang na Loob (Debt of Gratitude)** were reinforced, especially in maintaining proper behavior and showing deference to authority figures, such as priests and colonial officials. - **Strong Family Orientation (Pamilya)**: The Spaniards also emphasized the importance of the family unit. Filipinos integrated Christian values into their familial relationships, further solidifying the family as the core of social life. - **Colonial Mentality:** With Spanish rule, a sense of inferiority to colonial powers developed, leading to what is known as a colonial mentality, where foreign ways and ideals were often seen as superior to native traditions. **3. American Colonial Period (1898--1946)** - **Western Education and Democracy:** The Americans introduced democratic ideals, public education, and new political structures. These changes had a significant impact on Filipino values and self-perception. - **Individualism and Self-reliance:** Under American influence, Filipinos were introduced to Western ideas of individualism and the pursuit of personal achievement. - **Freedom and Democracy: **The value of freedom became more prominent, with Filipinos being exposed to democratic principles and individual rights. - **Education as a Value: **The American educational system emphasized the value of education as a tool for social mobility and self-improvement, leading to a more educated Filipino population. - **Consumerism: **The rise of Western consumer culture began to influence Filipino lifestyles and values, leading to an emerging middle class. **4. Post-Independence Period (1946--Present)** - **Modernization and Globalization: **After independence, the Filipino value system continued to evolve, influenced by global trends, modernization, and the continued presence of Western media and culture. - **Blending of Tradition and Modernity**: Modernization brought about urbanization, industrialization, and exposure to global values, but many traditional Filipino values, such as family orientation, pakikisama (smooth interpersonal relations), and hospitality, remained strong. - **Balancing Individualism and Collectivism: **While Western ideals of individualism gained ground, Filipino society maintained a strong emphasis on collectivism, especially in family and community relations. - **Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW) Phenomenon:** The increasing number of Filipinos working abroad (OFWs) has led to new values related to resilience, sacrifice, and providing for one's family, while also introducing global perspectives to local traditions. - **Materialism and Consumerism: **The modern era has brought challenges with materialism and consumerism. The influx of Western goods and media has influenced the priorities of many Filipinos, sometimes leading to tensions between traditional values and modern aspirations. **5. Contemporary Filipino Value System** - **Adaptation to Technology and Social Media: **In recent years, technology and social media have dramatically impacted Filipino values, especially among the younger generation. - Values of **connectivity, information access**, and **social influence** are increasingly shaping Filipino identities and relationships. - However, the core values of f**amily, religiosity**, and **social harmony** still remain central to Filipino life, showing the resilience of traditional values despite rapid social changes. - **Resurgence of Nationalism: **Periods of political unrest and societal challenges, such as natural disasters and political instability, have seen a resurgence of** nationalism** and** community solidarity**, as Filipinos come together to advocate for change and resilience.