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# Cardiomyopathy: Part 1 ## Definition - Myocardial disease with structurally and functionally abnormal heart. - In the absence of coronary artery disease (CAD), HTN, valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease. ## Types - Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) - Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) - Res...

# Cardiomyopathy: Part 1 ## Definition - Myocardial disease with structurally and functionally abnormal heart. - In the absence of coronary artery disease (CAD), HTN, valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease. ## Types - Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) - Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) - Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCMP) - Takotsubo cardiomyopathy - Arrhythmogenic RV dysplasia (ARVD) - LV non-compacction syndrome - Tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy ## Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCMP) ### Clinical presentation | | Systolic heart failure | Diastolic heart failure | | :-------------------- | :------------------------------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------- | | **Symptoms** | - Fatigue | - Dyspnoea | | | - Palpitations | | | | - Tachycardia ($\downarrow$ CO $\rightarrow$ Sympathetic overactivity) | - Edema | | | - Apex: Down and out | - $\uparrow$ JVP | | **O/E:** | | | | **Auscultation** | - Prominent S3 | - Crepitations | | **Males > females** | | | ### Note MRI is the gold standard for: - EF. - RV function. - Amyloidosis, sarcoidosis. - Ischemia vs infarction. ### Pathophysiology - LV dilatation, thinning, and systolic dysfunction → Diastolic failure → LV failure - RV failure - Global hypokinesia - 25% of all cases of heart failure.