Practical Anatomy PDF

Practical Anatomy First year medical students Anatomy staff members Name: clavicle Articulations : Lateral end (Acromioclavicular joint) Type: long bone Medial end (Sternoclavicular joint) Name : Scapula Articulations : Acromioclavicular joint type : flat bone...

Practical Anatomy First year medical students Anatomy staff members Name: clavicle Articulations : Lateral end (Acromioclavicular joint) Type: long bone Medial end (Sternoclavicular joint) Name : Scapula Articulations : Acromioclavicular joint type : flat bone Shoulder joint Spine Name : Scapula type : flat bone Name : humerus Articulations: Head (Shoulder joint) type: long bone lower end (Elbow joint) Head Shaft Lower End Name : Ulna Articulations : Elbow joint & Radioulnar joint Type : long bone Upper End Shaft Head Name : Radius Articulations: Elbow joint type : long bone Radioulnar joint Wrist joint 1.Carpal bone: short bone 2.metacarpal bone: long bone 3.phalanges: long bone 3 2 1 Sternoclavicular joint, synovial joint proximal & Distal radioulnar joints, synovial type, uniaxial, pivot. Movements: supination & pronation Name : hip bone Articulations : Symphysis pubis ( 2ry cartilaginous joint ) Sacroiliac joint ( synovial joint) & hip joint (synovial) type : Irregular bone Iliac bone Iliac bone pubic bone Pubic pubic bone bone ischium Ischial bone Name : Femur ( thigh bone) Articulations: Head of femur (Hip joint) type : long bone Lower end (Knee joint) Name : patella Articulations : Knee joint ( with femur ) type : sesamoid Name : Tibia and fibula Articulations of tibia : Knee joint ankle joint type : long bone tibiofibular joints Head Upper End Shaft Fibula Tibia Lower End 7 tarsal bones: short bones 5 metatarsal bones: long bones 14 phalanges: long bones talus shares in ankle joint calcaneus is heel bone Name of bone :skull cap type : flat bone Name : Hyoid bone type : irregular bone Name: Rib, articulates posteriorly with thoracic vertebrae and anteriorly with costal cartilages Type: flat bone Name : Vertebra Articulations: intervertebral disc type : irregular bone ( 2ry cartilaginous ) Orbicularis oculi muscle type: skeletal Form: circular Temporalis muscle Skeletal type Form: convergent or triangular temporalis Biceps muscle. Skeletal muscle Pattern (shape): parallel (fusiform) Deltoid muscle. Skeletal type Pattern: multi-pennate Rectus abdominus muscle skeletal type segmented form Rectus femoris muscle skeletal type bipennate form Name of joint: sutures of skull type: fibrous joint Fibrous joint: Syndesmosis between distal end of tibia and fibula Intervertebral disc secondary cartilaginous joint components: 1- peripheral part (annulus fibrosus) 2-central part (nucleus pulposus) Intervertebral disc, Secondary cartilaginous joint, formed of peripheral annulus fibrosus and central nucleus pulposus Symphysis pubis, Secondary cartilaginous joint, between 2 hip bones. Elbow joint, synovial type, uniaxial, hinge Knee joint, Synovial, Modified hinge formed by articulations between femur, patella, tibia Wrist (Radiocarpal) joint, synovial type, Biaxial, Ellipsoid. Intercarpal joint, synovial type, plane Carpometacarpal joint of thumb, synovial joint, Biaxial, saddle. Shoulder joint multi-axial, synovial joint ball and socket Hip joint multi-axial, synovial joint ball and socket between femur & hip bone Cardiovascular System Digestive system  1. Hard palate. 2. Soft palate. 3. Tongue. 4. Submandibular salivary 2 gland. 5. Sublingual salivary 1 gland. 3 5 4 Stomach Fundus Cardiac opening Lesser curvature Body Pyloric Pylorus Greater opening curvature Small intestine (jejunum and ileum ( - Type of muscle: smooth Porta hepatis of liver contains: hepatic artery portal vein hepatic ducts Lymphatic system Nervous System Midbrain pons midbrain pons medulla oblongata medulla Spinal cord Structure of spinal nerve Respiratory System Tracheobronchial tree – hyaline cartilage 7.Cardiac notch 8.Transverse fissure 9.Oblique fissure  1- right lung 2 2- left lung 1 3- hilum of left lung 3 4-bronchus 4 4 5.diaphragm 5  Sagittal section of head and neck 1. Hard palate 2. Soft palate and uvula 3. Tongue 4. Epiglottis 1 2 3 4  1- frontal air sinus 2- conchae 3- sphenoidal air sinus 1 4- opening of Eustachian tube in nasopharynx 2 3 4 5 1- hyoid bone 1 2- thyroid cartilage 3- cricoid cartilage 4- trachea 2 5- epiglottis 3 4 Urinary System  2 1.Apex of urinary bladder 2.Superior surface of urinary bladder 1 3.prostate 3 Genital System  10 1- Uterus 1 2- Urinary Bladder 9 3- Utero-vesical pouch 3 4- Symphysis pubis 2 5- Urethra 4 8 6- Vagina 7- Anal canal 8- Cervix 9- Rectum 5 6 7 10- Recto-uterine pouch ( Douglas pouch ) Embryology Spermiogenesis Cleavage placenta brevia centralis Placenta previa marginalis placenta brevia lateralis Placenta previa marginalis placenta brevia centralis placenta brevia lateralis