Anatomical Terms & Body Tissues PDF

Anatomical terms and Body fasciae Anatomical terms Prone, supine and Lithotomy positions prone Supine Lithotomy  Anatomical planes and lines Vertical plane (Median or Mid-Sagittal plane Anterior and posterior lines Sagittal and coronal pla...

Anatomical terms and Body fasciae Anatomical terms Prone, supine and Lithotomy positions prone Supine Lithotomy  Anatomical planes and lines Vertical plane (Median or Mid-Sagittal plane Anterior and posterior lines Sagittal and coronal planes Transverse plane Anatomical terms for describing planes and relations Anatomical terms for describing movements Anatomical terms for describing movements Anatomical terms for describing movements (Conti.) Anatomical terms for describing movements (Conti.)  ANATOMICAL TERMS DESCRIBING THE MUSCLES Origin: The relatively fixed end of muscle during natural movements of the muscle Insertion: The relatively mobile end of the muscle during natural movements of the muscle Belly: The fleshy part of the muscle which is contractile in function Tendon: The fibrous and non-contractile part of the muscle which attaches muscle to the bone. Aponeurosis: It is a flattened tendon arising from the connective tissues around the muscle. THE BODY TISSUES 1. Epithelial tissues that lines or cover structures. it is either: One layer (Simple) Multiple layer (Transitional or stratified 2. Connective tissues Smooth CT; Cartilagenous CT: two types: White fibrocartilage and Yellow fibrocartilage Bony CT: two types Compact bone and Spongy bone Body fascia A fascia is a band or sheet of connective tissue, primarily collagen, beneath the skin that attaches, stabilizes, encloses, and separates muscles and other internal organs. Fascia is classified by layer, as 1. superficial fascia 2. deep fascia, 3. visceral or parietal fascia SUPERFICIAL FASCIA Superficial fascia is the lowermost layer of the skin in nearly all of the regions of the body. It consists mainly of loose areolar and fatty adipose connective tissue Surrounds organs and glands, neurovascular bundles , It serves as a storage medium of fat and water; Superficial fascia is present, but does not contain fat, in the eyelid, ear, scrotum, penis and clitoris. DEEP FASCIA Deep fascia is a layer of dense fibrous connective tissue which surrounds individual muscles, and also divide groups of muscles into fascial compartments. This fascia has a high density of elastin fiber . Deep fascia was originally considered to be avascular. Deep fascia is also richly supplied with sensory receptors. VISCERAL FASCIA Visceral fascia (also called subserous fascia) suspends the organs within their cavities and wraps them in layers of connective tissue membranes. Each of the organs is covered in a double layer of fascia: The outermost wall is known as the parietal layer The innermost of the organ is known as the visceral layer.