Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Senior High School Quarter 2 Module 3 PDF

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Quarter 2 – Module 3: Examine the Concept, Characteristics and Forms of Stratification Systems Using Sociological Perspectives Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 3: Examine the Concept, C...

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Quarter 2 – Module 3: Examine the Concept, Characteristics and Forms of Stratification Systems Using Sociological Perspectives Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 3: Examine the Concept, Characteristics and forms of Stratification Systems Using Sociological Perspectives First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Author: Dr. Quirpatcik M. Gallo Content Editor: Leuvina D. Erni Language Editor: Dr. Myrna B. Martino Reviewers: Librado F. Torres and Normina B. Hadji Yunnos Illustrator: Edivin Kevin D. Abella, Mark Alvin D. Asis, Melvin G. Evardone Rene S. Halos, and Benigno G. Surio Layout Artist: Bureau of Learning Resources; SDO LRMS Team and the Authors Management Team: Malcom S. Garma, Director IV Genia V. Santos, CLMD Chief Dennis M. Mendoza, Regional EPS In-Charge of LRMS Micah S. Pacheco, Regional ADM Coordinator Loreta B. Torrecampo, CESO V, Schools Division Superintendent Librado F. Torres, CID Chief Normina B. Hadji Yunnos, Division EPS In-Charge of LRMS and Division ADM Focal Person Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education – National Capital Region Office Address: Misamis St., Bago Bantay, Quezon City ____________________________________________ Telefax: 02-929-0153 ____________________________________________ E-mail Address: ____________________________________________ [email protected] Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Quarter 2 – Module 9: Examine the Concept, Characteristics and Forms of Stratification Systems Using Sociological Perspectives Introductory Message For the facilitator: Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society and Politics for Senior High School Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Examine the Concept, Characteristics and Forms of Stratification Systems Using Sociological Perspectives! This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners. As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. ii For the learner: Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society and Politics for Senior High School Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Examine the Concept, Characteristics and Forms of Stratification Systems Using Sociological Perspectives! The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands! This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module. What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one. What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson. What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns. iii  Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency. Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts. Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module. At the end of this module you will also find: References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module. The following are some reminders in using this module: 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module. 3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it! iv  What I Need to Know This module discusses the concept, characteristics and forms of stratification systems using sociological perspectives. After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. understand the different social desirables as explained by Karl Marx and Max Weber; 2. analyze the different social classifications and how one moves from one class to another; 1  What I Know DIRECTIONS: Using the clues given, arrange the jumbled letters and write the correct term on the space provided. CLUES JUMBLED LETTERS TERM socioeconomic LSOACI FICATIARTSNOIT strata, income, wealth, power, and social status power, wealth, and LSOACI ARISEBSELB prestige political or social REPOW authority material prosperity THWEAL widespread respect TRESPIGE and admiration movement of LSOACI LITYIBOM individuals, families, households, or other categories of people money, and other EMICNOCO tangible asset is the existence of ICAOSL LQUYTIENIA unequal opportunities and rewards for different social positions intergovernmental TUDNIE STANOIN organization that aims to maintain international peace and security also known as NITAR ALW Republic Act No. 10963 2  Lesson Stratification System In the last module that you have undertaken, you have learn about functions and importance of education. On that module, you were able to recognize that education is not only confined to industrialized countries but also to the developing countries, it is equally important and beneficial for the entire world. Education provide assistance and support to less developed countries and motivate them for achieving growth. Education involves knowledge acquisition, learning skills, and enhancing or polishing abilities and attributes. Education is recognized worldwide as beneficial for individuals and encourage the national and economic development. What’s In DIRECTIONS: Complete the graphic organizer by identifying the Functions of Education based on the previous module that you studied. FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION 3  What’s New DIRECTIONS: List down ten (10) different people that you know in your barangay, city, province, country, or even foreign people on the left side of the table. Describe their socioeconomic status (Low-income, Middle-income, High-income) and categorize them weather they belong to the Upper Class, Middle Class, or Lower Class in the society. NAME OF PEOPLE DESCRIPTION OF CATEGORY SOCIOECONOMIC Ex. Manny Pacquiao High-income Upper Class 4  What is It Meaning of Stratification Social stratification is the classification of people into socioeconomic class, based upon their occupation and income, wealth and social status. Stratification is the relative social position of people within a social group, category, geographic region, or social unit. Social stratification is distinguished as three social classes: the upper class, the middle class, and the lower class; in turn, each class can be subdivided into strata: the upper-stratum, the middle-stratum, and the lower stratum. Social stratum can be formed upon the bases of kinship or caste, or both. Social desirables are resources considered valuable by societies. These resources may be tangible or intangible. Sociologist may focus on any of these resources as the basis of their theoretical perspective on social inequality. In short, the recognition of the existence of these social desirables is what brings together the sociological camps. Generally, prestige, power, and wealth are three important social desirables. It describes the social standing of individuals relative to others. Social standing reflects persons’ worth and access to social, political, and symbolic capital. Sociologists have different vies as to what constitute social class. Karl Marx looked at it in terms of wealth produced in relation to the ownership of the means of production. Wealth may refer to money, properties, and similar tangible resources. Max Weber, on the other hand, differentiates them into three: wealth, power, and prestige. Individual’s social standing can be measured, all at once, based on their relative access to these three. Bases of Class According to Karl Marx and Max Weber KARL MARX MAX WEBER ECONOMIC STATURE POWER WEALTH PRESTIGE Material prosperity, ownership Political or social Material Widespread respect of the means of production authority or prosperity and admiration felt control, for someone due to especially that his or her which is achievements or exercised by a quality government 5 Social mobility refers to changes of individuals, families, households, or other categories of people within or between social class in a society. It is a change in social status relative to one's current social location within a given society. Types of Social Mobility 1. Horizontal mobility This happen when a person changes their occupation but their overall social standing remains unchanged. 2. Vertical mobility It is a change in the occupational, political, or religious status of a person that causes a change in their societal position. A person or social object moves from one social class to another. 3. Upward mobility It is when a person moves from a lower position in society to a higher one. It can also include people occupying higher positions in the same societal group. However, upward mobility, while seen as a good thing, can also come at a cost for individuals. 4. Downward mobility It takes place when a person moves from a higher position in society to a lower one. It happen when someone is caught performing a wrongful act that can result in the loss of the position they currently hold. 5. Inter-generational mobility This happen when the social position changes from one generation to another. The change can be upward or downward. 6. Intra-generational mobility Change in societal position occurs during the lifespan of a single generation. It can also refer to a change in position between siblings. One way is when a person climbs up the corporate ladder in their career. 6  Some Issues Relative to Social Stratification Wealth and Income Ethnicity Gender and People with Sexual Disabilities Orientation (PWD) In the Philippines, there are Ethnic groups Woman have These people are 92.3 million Filipinos lives below are also facing always been also discriminated poverty line because of the discrimination. coerce by and their physical country’s economic and social Aside from societies that impairments inequality. According to the cultural have a structural become basis of ASEAN Trade Union marginalization bias because of denial and equal Council, the Philippines has the that they suffer cultural beliefs. opportunity in highest rate of economic and from the Men are seen in employment. They social inequality in Southeast dominant many cultures as do not enjoy the Asia, and unless action is taken, cultural natural leaders benefits that abled the gap will continue to widen. majorities, and conformed persons receive. The 4 major causes of income where their more social and inequality in our country are: cultural political rights.In practices are some culture, 1. the rising proportion of subjects of women cannot urban households ridicule and own property, 2. age distribution changes their physical and they cannot 3. increasing number of appearances drive their own highly educated and demeanor car. Woman also household ear for them experienced 4. wage rate inequality. over forms of harassment in discrimination the work place through and become stereotypes and victim of sexual end up as harassment and victims of violence. A development similar situation aggression. is being Their ancestral experienced by land are either lesbian, gay, forcibly taken bisexual, and away from them transgender in the guise of (LGBT) people. development They are often projects like subjected to government discrimination infrastructures and ridicule by a or dumping site society that for toxic waste. considers them aberrations or forms of deviancy. 7  What’s More DIRECTIONS: To strengthen and broaden your knowledge on the lessons that you had learned, complete the given graphic organizers below. The main idea is already given SOCIAL SOCIAL STRATIFICATION DESIRABLES SOCIAL MOBILITY 8  What I Have Learned DIRECTIONS: Answer the following questions base on your own understanding. Write your answer inside the box. 1. What is social stratification? 2. What is the relationship of social mobility and social inequality? 3. How can social inequalities in the Philippines be addressed? 1. 2 9  3 What I Can Do ACTIVITY…REFLECTION PAPER DIRECTIONS: Write your insights about this saying. “THERE WOULD BE NO RICH WITOUT THE POOR” -Unknown 10  Assessment DIRECTIONS: Below are the issues relative to social stratification in the Philippines. Complete the table by giving 3 situations in each issue. Issues Relative to Social Stratification Wealth and Income Ethnicity Gender and People with Sexual Disabilities Orientation (PWD) 11  Additional Activities DIRECTIONS: Look on the constitution of the Philippines. Identify a law that promotes equality. Discuss in not more than 10 sentences how the law promotes equality. 12  Answer Key WHAT I KNOW WHAT’S IN WHAT’S WHAT’S WHAT I ASSESSMENT ADDITIONAL NEW MORE CAN DO ACTIVITY SOCIAL TRANSMISSION LEARNERS SOCIAL LEARNERS LEARNERS LEARNERS STRATIFICATION OF CULTURE ANSWER STRATIFICATION ANSWER ANSWER WILL ANSWER SOCIAL SOCIAL OCCUPATION WILL VARY AND INCOME WILL VARY VARY WILL VARY DESIRABLES INTEGRATION WEALTH POWER CAREER SOCIAL STATUS SELECTION WEALTH TECHNIQUES OF LEARNING SKILLS PRESTIGE SOCIALIZATION SOCIAL SOCIAL MOBILITY RATIONAL DESIRABLES THINKING WEALTH POWER PRESTIGE ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT IN SOCIAL MOBILITY SOCIETY HORIZONTAL SOCIAL PATRIOTISM VERTICAL INEQUALITY UPWARD DOWNWARD INTER- GENERATIONAL INTRA GENERATIONAL UNITED MATIONS 13 References Books Arcilla-Serapio, Ma. Perpetua (2016). Understanding Society, Culture & Politics, MINDSHAPERS CO., INC. Contreras, Antonio P., PhD. (2016). Understanding Society, Culture &Politics,PHOENIX PUBLISHING HOUSE, INC. Electronic https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/other/social-mobility/ https://study.com › academy › lesson › what-is-social-inequality-in-sociology-definition- effects-causes.html https://www.scholastic.com › teachers › articles › teaching-content › ethnic 14 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR) Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600 Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985 Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected]