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## Reflexes of Newborn Babies ### Stepping Reflex When the baby is held upright and the foot placed over a firm surface, the other leg will flex in the hip and knee in a stepping movement. ### Primitive reflexes related to the feeding * Rooting reflex: Is done by touching the cheek of the baby...

## Reflexes of Newborn Babies ### Stepping Reflex When the baby is held upright and the foot placed over a firm surface, the other leg will flex in the hip and knee in a stepping movement. ### Primitive reflexes related to the feeding * Rooting reflex: Is done by touching the cheek of the baby, he will turn his head toward the stimulus. * Sucking reflex * Swallowing reflex Both motor reflexes and the reflexes related to feeding disappear by 4-6 months of age. ### Protective reflexes * Sneezing and coughing reflex: When a foreign body is in the upper respiratory tract, the baby will sneeze or cough in order to discharge the foreign body. * Blinking reflex: When a foreign body is near the eyelid or high light, the baby will try to close his eyes. * Gagging reflex: When there is a large amount of milk in the mouth and the baby cannot swallow, he will try to discharge it out. ### Vital Signs The vital signs include: * Temperature: Baby's temperature is unpredictable, so he has sudden drops in temperature. The temperature is affected by the temperature of the room and bed. Normal body temperature is 36.5°C-37°C. It is initially measured per rectum and then measured axillaries. * Heart rate: Normal heart rate of the baby is 120-160 beats/mint. The heart rate increases with crying.