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# Mometrix ## Symptoms of chronic renal failure include: - Initial: Often non-specific with loss of appetite and energy - Weight loss - Headaches, muscle cramping, general malaise - Decreased mental alertness - Bruising and dry or itching skin - Increased BUN and creatinine - Sodium and fluid rete...

# Mometrix ## Symptoms of chronic renal failure include: - Initial: Often non-specific with loss of appetite and energy - Weight loss - Headaches, muscle cramping, general malaise - Decreased mental alertness - Bruising and dry or itching skin - Increased BUN and creatinine - Sodium and fluid retention with edema - Hyperkalemia - Metabolic acidosis - Calcium and phosphorus depletion, resulting in altered bone metabolism, pain, and retarded growth - Anemia with decreased production of RBCs, leading to tachycardia and dyspnea - Increased risk of infection - Uremic syndrome ## Treatment is based on nutrition and protein intake: ### Nutrition: - Increased caloric intake with limited phosphorus, potassium and sodium as indicated - Phosphate binding agents. - Calcitriol to maintain calcium levels. - Epoetin alfa to stimulate production of RBCS. - Growth hormone to stimulate growth. - ACE inhibitors for hypertension. - Diuretics for hypertension. - NG or enteral feedings for adequate protein intake, especially in children