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# Ancient Egypt ## Gods - Amen-Re - the chief of the gods - **Other gods** - often painted or carved in the shape of animals, or at least with animals heads. ## Key dates | Date | Event | |------- | -------- | | 1570 | Ahmasis I drove out the Hyksos. Beginning of empire. | | 1525/1512 | T...

# Ancient Egypt ## Gods - Amen-Re - the chief of the gods - **Other gods** - often painted or carved in the shape of animals, or at least with animals heads. ## Key dates | Date | Event | |------- | -------- | | 1570 | Ahmasis I drove out the Hyksos. Beginning of empire. | | 1525/1512 | Tuthmosis l. Warrior pharaoh who reached the River Euphrates on a raid. First king to have a rock-cut tomb in the Valley of the Kings at Thebes | | 1503/1432 | Hatshepsut. Queen who became pharaoh. | | 1504/1450 | Tuthmosis III. Hatsheput’s stepson. She kept him from power when he was young, but he later became the greatest of Egypt’s warrior pharaohs. | | 1378/1362 | Akhenaten. Pharaoh who tried to persuade Egyptians there was only one god. He was married to Nefertiti. | | 1361/1352 | Tutankhamun. Boy pharaoh whose magnificent treasure was found by archaeologist Howard Carter in AD 1922. | | 1304/1237 | Ramesses II, also called Ramesses the Great. Warrior pharaoh who fought the Hittites in the Battle of Kadesh. | | 1198/1166 | Ramesses III. The last of Egypt’s great warrior pharaohs. He saved Egypt from the Sea Peoples. | | 1166 | After the death of Ramesses III, the power of Egypt slowly declined and the empire was lost. | | 751 / 671 | Nubians ruled Egypt | | 671 / 664 | Assyrians ruled Egypt | | 525 / 404 | Persians ruled Egypt | | 332 | Alexander the Great conquered Egypt | ## Mathematics The Egyptians were excellent mathematicians. Some of their texts show how they planned buildings and calculated the men and materials needed to build them. ## Medicine Surviving medical texts show the Egyptians were skilled doctors. These texts give details of treatments, medicines, prayers, and spells. ## Telling the time - The Egyptians invented a water clock as a way of telling the time. - They also worked out the 365 day calendar by studying the stars and planets. ## Making a water clock 1. Fill up the top pot with water. 2. Mark the water level with a wax crayon. 3. Using a clock or watch, mark the water level each minute. 4. Fill up the pot to use the clock. ## Papyrus - Egyptians wrote on papyrus, which came from papyrus reeds. - These reeds were soaked and then laid in two layers. - Pounding the layers with a mallet changed them into a solid sheet.